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G kadom Ryazan. Ryazan region, Kadom. Father Athanasius. Kadomsky Holy-Merciful-Bogoroditsky Monastery. "Is he his friend? “He is his slave.”

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Mother Russia is rich in amazing places, visiting which you immediately feel your homeland, or, if I may say so, you begin to hear the call of your ancestors. The state is as if you are returning here after a long weary journey, but here, in these small provincial towns, everything seems to have stopped, and life flows, as before, quietly, calmly and peacefully. One of these unique places was the town of Kadom ( Ryazan Oblast), located in the picturesque places of the Moksha River. It recently celebrated its 800th anniversary.

History of the city of Kadoma

For the first time the village of Kadom is mentioned in 1209 in True, it was founded much earlier. It should be noted that the Moksha River is quite large, therefore, the village of Kadom became a very important trading hub and defensive point at the beginning of the 13th century. The Ryazan region was then called the Ryazan principality.

The origin of the name of the city is not known for certain, there are many versions. One of them says that the word has Arabic roots“we go” or “kodim”, which translates as “guard”. In the Middle Ages, this village was listed as an eastern outpost conquered by the Slavs.

Here were also fortifications to repel the raids of the Tatars and Nogais. Some local settlers who belonged to the military class were called Cossacks. Their descendants still live in Kadom to this day. One of these is the priest of the Merciful Bogoroditsky Monastery Father Michael, who contributes to the revival of the Cossacks in cadet school, where, along with other general educational and secular disciplines, the law of God and military training are studied.

The hills on which the town stands have their own mysterious and at the same time majestic history. Here, on one hill, the Church of the Transfiguration of the Lord recently stood, so it received an identical name in honor of the temple - Transfiguration.

And in the middle of the XIII century, the entire Kadom area was under the Mongol-Tatar yoke. There is an opinion that in those ancient centuries the Orthodox and Muslim religions existed here quite peacefully. There were even cases when the Tatars became Christians. Ancient written sources point to the fact that in the first half of the 14th century, the Tatar prince Shirinsky Beklemish accepted faith in Christ. At baptism, he received the name Michael, and in connection with this event, on one of the previously mentioned hills, he built a wooden church in honor and baptized his soldiers there. In the 18th century, a white-stone temple was built on the same site. It is known that the grandson of the prince - Yuri Fedorovich - became a real brave warrior and was a participant in the Battle of Kulikovo, fought on the side of Prince Dimitri Donskoy and courageously fell in a terrible battle.

Gradually, Orthodoxy was strengthened on the Kadom land. In 1875, priest Ivan Kobyakov wrote down the words that Kadom is a truly Orthodox city, all its inhabitants are devout and diligent in prayer. Pilgrims coming to these places do not ignore another unique place - in the forests under the oak there is a healing spring called Panika. According to the legend of great-grandfathers, there was a chapel in honor of John the Baptist, where hermit elders came and served an all-night vigil at night, and in the morning they dispersed for solitary prayer.

Creation of a monastery

In 1997, in the town of Kadoma, the female Kadoma Holy Merciful-Bogoroditsky Monastery began to be restored. Its existence has been known since 1793. It all started with the fact that several girls from merchant and bourgeois families decided to become nuns and live according to the church charter. To do this, they turned to the Ryazan Epiphany Monastery to Mother Superior Evgenia, so that she would find them a wise mentor. After a short time, the abbess sent them the daughter of a psalmist, Ekaterina Gorskaya, who had a good spiritual and monastic experience. She was able to establish monastic life in the newly formed community according to the charter of the Sarov monastery, which the Sarov elders immediately began to take care of. There is even a legend that St. Seraphim himself once visited their monastery.

Thanks to the well-coordinated and skillful leadership and unanimity among the nuns, the community began to gradually develop. First, land and some buildings were donated to her, then real construction began. In 1857, a summer temple was built in honor of the icon of the Mother of God, called the “Merciful”, then they began to build a second temple and other buildings.

Devastation

On November 25, 1868, the community received the status of a monastery, under which a church school and an orphanage were formed. Before the revolution, the monastery numbered 365 nuns, but in 1917 it was ruined, the settlers were dispersed, the property was nationalized, and all the icons were burned.

Only in our days, by the grace of God and the labors of people, the monastery began to rebuild again. But the most important thing was that in Cyprus, in the Kikksky monastery, the icon of the Mother of God "Merciful" was painted again especially for the Kadom monastery. On the Ryazan land this event was greeted with great joy and celebrated with great triumph.

Kadom: monastery, Father Athanasius

Archimandrite Athanasius, the confessor and rector of the monastery, took part in the revival of the monastery and put a lot of his efforts and labors into it. This is another outstanding personality that Kadom has always been famous for. Father Athanasius (Kultinov) is an archimandrite and a silver-haired monk who looks at everything with a positive attitude and always trusts in the mercy of the Lord and the Mother of God.

Athanasius (to the world Anatoly) was born in 1937 in the Ryazan region, in the village of Bolshoye Lyakhovo (Yermishinsky district). His mother took care of the household all day long. The nearest temple from them was 8 km away, in the village of Savvatma. Although the family hardly visited the temple due to the lack of the opportunity to get there, and even no one prayed, they always kept faith in their souls.

As a child, the boy received instructions from his mother - not to join any pioneer or Komsomol organizations. For this, Tolik was not oppressed, probably because it was a remote village, and here this matter was not so strict.

The elder himself admitted that, be that as it may, the people of that time were still morally purer. And after the Great Patriotic War grief affected almost every family, people mourned and were compassionate to others. Electricity was installed in their village only in 1956.

The road of life of the elder Athanasius

You can learn a lot of useful things from the memoirs of the wise old man, who saw a lot in his life, he has a lot to learn. He helped many to cope with certain life difficulties and problems.

Over time, eldership also came, for which Kad became famous. Father Athanasius is one of those who are sought after from different parts of Russia for advice and consolation. But more on that later.

When the war ended, he was 9 years old. In schools, due to lack of money for notebooks, many wrote on newspapers. There was also not enough money for shoes, so something like blocks were cut out of wood, which were tied with strings to old worn out shoes.

The time was truly difficult and hungry, no one practically saw bread. Women gathered sorrel, baked bread from potatoes, acorns and quinoa. However, the priest notes a paradox, which consisted in the fact that with all these sufferings, people were not especially sick. It probably had something to do with the environment. Now modern young people are much weaker than their parents and grandparents. Father's mother Athanasius Zoya lived for more than 90 years with a heart defect.

Joining the Church

When her son was 13 years old, she took him to the temple in Savvatma, then Aunt Mariamna began to introduce Anatoly to the church and introduced him to the elder - Father Jacob, who had one eye. Once the Soviet authorities sent him into exile, but the guards, seeing the weak old man, sent him home. The future father Athanasius confessed and took communion for the first time, but told the priest that he would never drink vodka and wine. The elder was surprised at these words and added that the perfect can even drink vodka, but the imperfect cannot drink a drop of it.

A little earlier, due to the craving for the knowledge of God, Anatoly almost got to the importunate Baptists. However, God saved him, and he began to go to the Orthodox St. Nicholas Church. First, Father Vasily (Romanov) served in this temple, then Father Vladimir (Pravolyubov), and then the famous seer Father

All of them became his Being still in the world, he got married and mastered the profession of the 2nd assistant captain on the ship. But then he left this profession to become a priest.

Monasticism

Each of his spiritual children remembers what the pious priest said to him at the meeting. Now it is worth noting who Father Athanasius was. Kadom, reviews of which note that now Athanasius serves in Merciful Bogoroditsky, has become a real Orthodox Mecca of the Ryazan region.

But first, the elder had to serve on Mount Athos, from there he brought the Cross with reliquaries. He accepted monasticism when he was over 50 years old. This happened in the cell of the holy ascetic Silouan of Athos.

In the souls of people, Father Athanasius leaves a very bright trace, you can always hear wise advice from him. Visitors immediately feel the kindness and God's grace that comes from the perspicacious old man.

perspicacious old man

Batiushka is very smart and perspicacious, and it is quite easy to get to him. He serves in the monastery almost every day and takes confessions. At the end of the service, he always takes out the Cross and applies his parishioners to the body and sore spots, then he anoints them with oil and talks. There are usually few people at services, since Kadom is not very crowded. Father Athanasius, however, is always fully armed, at any moment he is ready to listen to anyone who turns to him. He, like no one else, understands how hard it is to live today. modern man in this wicked world, and that first of all we must always trust in the help of the Lord.

City of Kadom: father Athanasius (sharp). How to get to it

So who was and is Father Athanasius? Kadom, whose reviews are beyond praise among visitors, is also known for the fact that pilgrims visiting the Holy Merciful Theotokos Monastery speak enthusiastically about the state of mind that comes after a conversation with Father Athanasius. For all the suffering, the perspicacious elder is a real spiritual father.

Almost every visitor to Kadom speaks of this blessed state. Father Athanasius, good-natured and smiling, envelops every person like a gentle cloud. He is also distinguished by an ardent desire to lighten the human burden. He prays for all God day and night.

In no case should you miss the opportunity to come to Kadom to see Athanasius with your own eyes and receive wise advice from this extraordinary person who has chosen a very difficult path for himself and purposefully follows it to Eternity.

Contacts

To get to the monastery for an appointment with the priest, it would be most correct to contact any pilgrimage center in Ryazan. They will also be able to answer any questions regarding the trip to the Merciful Bogoroditsky Monastery.

The Greek term “oligarch”, popular in Russia, is applicable not only to businessmen of the federal scale. Oligarchy is not about scale at all, but about the fusion of power and business. In the Russian outback you can find very curious specimens.

End of work

Kadom is one of the oldest settlements Ryazan region, founded in 1209. Four hours drive from Ryazan, a real "outback" even for Ryazanians, not to mention Muscovites. In the entire Kadomsky district, there are only about eight thousand inhabitants - so many people live in several multi-storey new buildings. It would seem that oligarchs can be found anywhere but here. However, the district is not only the population, which, judging by what is described below, few people are interested in. These are budgetary flows, land, real estate.

In 2008, the head of the Kadom traffic police, a native of Sapozhka, Vasily Shchevev, became the head of the district. Of course, a lot of jokes were made about how traffic police habits can affect the work of the head of the district, but Shchevev himself was not going to joke and immediately got down to business. He was elected from the Just Russia party, which at that time was under the control of the current senator Igor Morozov. Later, the district charter was changed, direct elections were cancelled.

At that time, several industrial enterprises and farms worked in the region, two of them were large. However, the division into friends and foes immediately began, which resulted in the fact that the “strangers” simply could not work. With the help of what signs of attention it was possible to become "one's own" for the ex-traffic cop, it was clear, but not everyone agreed to the conditions set.

In the former furniture workshops of Kadom, for example, two successful enterprises operated, where several dozen people were employed. However, under Shchevyev, their rent is raised several times, after which they leave the district. They say that businessmen were required to have no less than a 51% stake in their business.

Approximately the same story happens with agricultural enterprises. Several farms have completely collapsed. The largest since Soviet times were the collective farm "Named 13 years of October" and "Red Wave". Now the second of them works in small volumes, the first has disappeared, and the remaining buildings are falling apart before our eyes.

The whole area is covered with overgrown fields, while in neighboring Ermishinsky, as they say in Kadom, "they are fighting over the ravines." In the Kadomsky district, 16.2 percent of arable land is cultivated, in the Ermishinsky district - more than 94%. This is Rosreestr data.

Misfortune helped

Kadom regularly experiences severe floods. In 2012, the district center was literally flooded. After the flood there was a big scandal with the distribution of compensation to the victims. Residents claimed that among those who received increased compensation (allocated 10 and 50 thousand each), in some miraculous way there were people associated with the district administration.

However, the state became generous not only on individual compensation. Moreover, this time the word "generosity" is used without any sarcasm. A small district was given money immediately for the construction of a new school, a kindergarten and a sports complex.

Visitors look at the Kadom school with their mouths open.

It seems that the whole Kadom can fit in it. The school has 26 rooms. However, the school is far from full. All this gigantomania was needed only for the development of budgetary funds.

Such a colossus could only be placed outside the village. At the same time, schoolchildren have to get on a broken road, which has neither lighting nor sidewalks.

At the same time, Mr. Shchevev, reporting on the spending of the allocated money, also spoke about the repair of roads.

But the most piquant story around the construction of the school is connected with this quarry in the area of ​​​​the former livestock base of the former collective farm "Named 13 years of October."

All Cadom was talking about it. The quarry was dug up during the construction of the school, the residents saw that the sand was taken from here. However, there is not a single license to develop a quarry in the Kadomsky district; according to the documents, the quarry was taken from somewhere far away, making good money on writing off the money allocated for sand. At the same time, of course, no one checked the quality of Kadom sand for construction, since, we repeat, the quarry did not go through any control procedures.

The dug up and abandoned quarry not only serves as a monument to the traffic cop's resourcefulness. It now also blocks the way for residents to the once most popular local beach.

Next to the school is not so impressive, but also a rather big sports complex with the name "Victoria". Sometimes less than ten people visit this colossus a week ...

By kindergarten residents have one question to the local authorities - why is it impossible to think over elementary things when implementing such projects?

The kindergarten was located in such a way that on the one hand it has a sawmill making noise all day long,

and on the other hand, a metal receiver.

By the way, one of the few enterprises operating in the area, along with the famous "Kadom veniz". Here, for example, they bring metal cut from the crumbling buildings of the former collective farm.

Well, it is almost impossible to avoid neighborhood with abandoned buildings - they are everywhere here.

After the implementation of federal money, nothing is built in the district, everything just falls apart. At the same time, one of the largest in the administration is the department of capital construction.

Vasily Shchepyev pays great attention to personnel policy. The administration is not only traditionally prestigious, but for a devastated area, it is almost the only place where you can count on a regular, relatively high salary.

To maintain the corporate spirit in the district administration, “team-building events” are regularly held, which have become a byword. Every holiday “the whole Kadom is shaken”, say the locals, wondering why the local “elite” cannot walk a little more modestly, or at least not in front of the entire regional center. Almost not one bureaucratic spree is not complete without victims, someone is sure to break something or get injured in a fight. The absolute champion and star of regional tales is considered to be a certain Mr. Loshchinin, who regularly gets injured in these battles of local importance.

"Is he his friend? “He is his slave.”

However, the true hope and support of Vasily Shchevev is not the administration staff, but this inconspicuous hard worker Vladimir Kiselev, the head of the Peasant Farm (KFH) Kiselev.

“Is he his friend?” we ask the locals. “He is his slave,” the answer follows, “he runs the household, drowns the bathhouse, opens beer, drives wild boars on the hunt.” Vladimir Kiselev or "Kisel" is known throughout Kadom as Shchevyev's faithful orderly, but according to the documents he is a very successful businessman who bought up and sold half the district in a few years. It was for those few years that Vasily Shchevev headed the district.

It was the ownership of the KFH Kiselev from the municipality that somehow transferred the garages of UMP "DOZ" (the same former furniture workshops from which the entrepreneurs were expelled). Then they were successfully resold.

Another inexplicable luck KFH Kiselev. This commercial structure received land on the central square of ancient Kadom next to the old merchant houses and the monastery. This mansion was built here, which was successfully sold to a power supply company.

"There is nothing good on this lake"

For many years there has been a conflict between the residents and the head of the district for access to Pitsa Lake. Previously, there was a place for summer milking of cows. Now the passage to the lake of the Shchevyev estate: a house, a bathhouse, a household, a personal territory. All this is framed at KFH Kiselev. The plot area is 121 thousand 821 sq.m.

Residents applied to the local prosecutor's office, which gave a very interesting answer: access to the water body cannot be considered blocked, because although the fence is standing, “there are gates that do not close with a locking device.”

Arriving at the place, the Vidsboku correspondent really found an unprepossessing unlocked gate.

However, none other than Mr. Kiselev immediately appeared.

The Kadom "businessman" in work clothes immediately began to close the gate, saying to the question of how to get to the lake that "there is nothing good on this lake." He motivated the ban on travel by saying that “sheep will run out from me.”

During the eight years of the reign of Vasily Shchepyev, the district's economy has shrunk to the scale of KFH Kiselev. Overgrown fields, abandoned buildings, people looking for work in Ryazan and Moscow, deprived in their small homeland not only of work, but even access to water bodies.

Vidsboku will monitor the situation in the area and appeals to the prosecutor's office about the revealed facts.

The urban-type settlement of Kadom is the administrative center of the Kadomsky district of the Ryazan region. The village is located on the banks of the Moksha River. Kadomsky district borders on the Republic of Mordovia. For the first time, Kadom is mentioned in the Nikon chronicle, which dates back to 1209. However, in the 15th century it was flooded due to the floods of Moksha, and the inhabitants had to leave the inhabited place. After some time, a little to the south, on high sandy hills that saved residents from flooding, the Kadom fortress appeared, which gave rise to the modern village. At the end of the 17th - beginning of the 18th century, a monastery. By the end of the 19th century, more than 7 thousand inhabitants already lived in the village. Initially, the district was located in the Tambov province, and since 1923 it became part of the Ryazan region.

Kadomsky district specializes in agriculture. In the directory of organizations of Kadoma, one can count almost 5 thousand farms of various ownership, seven of which are agricultural enterprises, eight more are farms, and the rest is the personal household of the population. The list of Kadoma organizations consists mainly of small companies. The largest agricultural enterprise in the region is the SPK (kolkhoz) Krasnaya Volna. The farms are mainly engaged in dairy farming and growing cereals - rye, oats, wheat, barley.

Several industrial enterprises operate in the region, but they are not large. The Yellow Pages of Kadom provide information about the woodworking enterprise, the dairy products processing plant, the clothing industry, and, of course, the PC Kadomsky Veniz. Many Kadom enterprises are famous far beyond the region.

Kadomsky district has long been known throughout Russia for its amazing work - hand embroidery. The history of the Kadom veniz began under Peter I, who brought to Russia the tradition of decorating his clothes with rich and beautiful Venetian and Brussels lace. But such decoration was very expensive, and the emperor ordered the Russian craftswomen to learn this craft. This is how Kadom craftsmen and traditional needlework of this region appeared.

Since the Kadomsky district has a rich history, it is not surprising that there are many museums here that are ready to tell its guests of the region. On the map of Kadom you can see the Kadom Museum of Local Lore, the S.Ya. Batyshev House-Museum, the Russian Hut Museum, the Kadom District House of Culture and central Library. And for Orthodox residents, there is the Demetrius Cathedral.

Kadom is a small town in the east of the Ryazan region, the most distant regional center from Ryazan, 264 kilometers away - much further than from Ryazan to Moscow. It is difficult to find him in the Ryazan annals, although in age he is only slightly inferior to Ryazan - the east of the Ryazan region has long been part of the Tambov province, therefore his descriptions are lost in the local Mordovian-Tambov archives. Even today, historians and toponymists cannot objectively explain the meaning of the word "Kadom", replacing the truth with a bouquet of versions. So, in the language of the local Mordovian tribes, there was the word "kadon" - "abandoned, lost land." According to another version, the word comes from the name of the Tatar Khan Kadym. The third version draws to the name a certain Christian Vassa, who allegedly escaped from the Mordovian captivity and arranged a cave on the banks of the Moksha - “like a house”.

Like Moscow and Rome, Kadom stands on hills, and they, unlike the ephemeral Moscow hillocks, are really impressive, growing as if out of the ground with steep slopes up to 25 meters high. There is a known scientific error associated with these hills. In 1977, they were declared protected areas with the status of "natural monuments" as glacial (moraine) hills. And only recently, Professor, Dr. geographical sciences Vyacheslav Krivtsov unequivocally showed that the famous hills are sandy remnants cut off by the ever wandering loops of the Moksha River from " mainland". A kind of victim or result of floods, because the rivers change the direction of the channel in the spring, at the peak of the living power of water. In total, there are four such hills: in the direction from west to east - Kokuy, Bezymyanny, Kadomskaya Gora and Preobrazhensky.

Archaeologists found objects on Kokui Hill bronze age, and since 1935 a cemetery has been located here. According to legend, a certain Tatar Khan lived on the Nameless Hill. For his secret connections with the Crimean Khan, the palace on the hill was burned down, and later a wooden palace was built here. Orthodox church, which later also burned down, but already from a lightning strike. Today, on the site of the Nameless Hill, a small hill rises: the sandy body of the hill dispersed for household needs, and then an asphalt road was laid through it. In the very center of the city lies the most famous of the hills - Kadomskaya Gora. From its flat top, a wonderful view of Moksha, a temple with a bell tower and a monastery on the central square, a scattering of huts, a city market and neighboring hills opens up. Once there was a prison where the governor lived. Since then, military artifacts have been found at this place more than once: multi-pound chains, parts of squeakers, cast-iron cannonballs.

Preobrazhensky Hill, unlike the others, lies on the left bank of the Moksha, in the riverside part of Kadom. According to the stories of the inhabitants, the hill is shrouded in a whole network of legends. A certain Beklemish, the son of the Horde Khan Bakhmet, was suddenly baptized in his declining years, and as a sign of his transformation, he built a wooden Church of the Transfiguration on a hill. Later, in 1735, a stone temple was built on the site of the wooden one. At one time, Peter I presented the church with an icon of the Kazan Mother of God, which was trimmed with pearls and gems. Faithfully, the temple served before the arrival Soviet power. In the 1930s, the church was looted, the bells were thrown down, and later an orphanage settled here. Today, the building of the vocational school is housed in partially preserved buildings.

Ryazan Kitezh-grad

Kadom's history literally immersed in a series of catastrophic floods. This city arose on the right bank of the Moksha in the dense Mordovian forests. The first written mention of the town dates back to 1209. The Nikon chronicle states that a Ryazan commander was killed in Kadom. A few kilometers from modern Kadom lies the village of Stary Kadom. Kadom originated here, but due to floods back in the 16th century it was abandoned and moved to sandy hills eight kilometers to the south. In 1426 Grand Duke Vasily the Dark gave Kadom "for feeding" the Protasyev boyars. AT late XVIII century Kadom acquired a special significance in the Tambov province. In terms of population, it surpassed the cities of Shatsk and Temnikov and acquired the status of a county town. There were 30 villages and 107 villages in the county. Worked factories for the production of wine, cloth, leather, oil mills and sawmills. Kadom merchants traded timber and, interestingly, bread, and this despite the fact that Agriculture with the widespread development of scarce sandy soils, it has never been up to par. Here, an important role was played by the favorable transport and geographical position of Kadom in the lower reaches of the Moksha, which actually originates in Penza region, flows along Nizhny Novgorod region and the territory of Mordovia, and only then flows into the Ryazan region, where it gives up its waters to the Oka. The length of Moksha is 656 kilometers, of which the Ryazan region accounts for only 134 lower, fishiest, deepest and water kilometers. Food products were brought along Moksha to Kadom, among which bread was of particular value. In the same 18th century, according to legend, another “unprecedented” flood happened, when in one night a river that overflowed its banks washed away an entire street and the church that stood on it.

In the 19th century, Kadom acquired educational and medical institutions: in 1839 a parish school was opened, later a craft school, a lace school and a women's gymnasium appeared. In 1871, a city hospital appeared, and then a city outpatient clinic - one of four in the Tambov province. In the 20th century, terrible floods occurred three times - in 1925, 1963 and 1994. In May 2012, a small hell rumbled throughout Russia when the level in Moksha rose to a record 806 centimeters in history, and water captured three-quarters of the city's area. Even at the beginning of July (two months after the end of the flood) there was water in the gardens of some Kadom residents. Other lucky ones from higher places started planting potatoes. But now it is clear that this flood was only one in a series of similar ones that happened once every 30-50 years.

The inhabitants of Kadom have always been called catfish, because Moksha has long been famous for catfish weighing several pounds. And the locals, as if by agreement, tell a story about an old woman. So, after the descent of the flood half a century ago, the water left the houses of Kadom residents. One old woman, having decided to start the household and live even more than before, climbed into the oven. But it was not there: some sounds came from the darkness of the furnace, and then a huge mustachioed head appeared in the light. The old woman, frightened to death, was pumped out by force. The reason for all the troubles is simple - the city of Kadom arose on high hills, but, growing, went down to the floodplain, which has two levels near Moksha. In a normal year, the water peacefully bypasses the town, only filling the barns in places, forcing the Kadomites to shift the potatoes in advance to a drier, higher place. A long period of low floods sometimes extends over the life of a whole generation, accustoming them to a quiet life. And they forget that they live in the floodplain of the river, which sooner or later will be under water.