The best presentations on the culture of speech. The culture of speech and the language norm presentation for the lesson in the Russian language (grade 9) on the topic. The rules of "culture of speech"

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Let's talk about the culture of speech

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One of the components of the teacher's skill is the culture of his speech. Who owns the culture of speech, he achieves great success in professional activities.
"The Art of Talking to Children"

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The culture of speech of children depends on the culture of speech of the educator
With this in mind, the educator should consider it his professional duty to continuously improve his speech in order to thoroughly know native language the children he is raising.

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1. The teacher should speak quietly, but in such a way that everyone can hear him, so that the listening process does not cause significant stress for the pupils. 2. The teacher must speak clearly. 3. The teacher should speak at a speed of about 120 words per minute. 4. To achieve expressive sound, it is important to be able to use pauses - logical and psychological. Without logical pauses, speech is illiterate, without psychological pauses it is colorless. 5. The teacher must speak with intonation, that is, be able to put logical stresses, highlight individual words that are important for the content of what was said. 6. Melody gives the voice of the teacher an individual color and can significantly affect the emotional well-being of pupils: inspire, captivate, soothe. Melodica is born based on vowel sounds.
rules speech culture teacher

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Watch out for office workers!
Chancery is: the displacement of the verb, that is, movement, action, participle, gerund, noun (especially verbal!), Which means stagnation, immobility; piling up nouns in oblique cases; abundance foreign words where it is quite possible to replace them with Russian words; heavy, confused structure of the phrase, unintelligibility; grayness, monotony, wear, stamp. Poor, poor vocabulary. The stationery is a dead thing!

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Brevity is the soul of wit
I write long because I don't have time to write short. B. Pascal
Let's unite together; the inhabitants of the city live a monotonous life; like this example; regularity follows naturally; multiply many times; work resumed again (tautology - (Greek) "the same")

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Brevity is the soul of wit
He foresaw all the troubles in advance. By the evening I must return back.
Pleonasm - Greek. "excess"
Main essence; Valuable treasures; Come back; Fell down; In the month of May; Future plans; Unused reserves; For example; How many

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Speech redundancy is also generated by the connection foreign word with Russian duplicating its meaning.
Memorable souvenirs; Unusual phenomenon; First premiere; Biography of life; Ultimately; petty little things; folklore; Open vacancy

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"A mixture of French and Nizhny Novgorod"
The colloquium was stormy. The debaters grappled. One said: - Marketing! Another snapped: - Briefing! And the third barked: - Clearing! And he slammed his fist. So in our region A consensus was reached Through pluralism, Although exclusive, But what is very prestigious - Without sponsors, moreover! A. Pyanov

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Caution: polysemy!
On the site in front of the school you will see broken flower beds. This is the work of our guys For each member of the circle " Young Technician» falls by five or six models. An evening dedicated to the Russian language will be held on Saturday morning. I have listened to your comments. We get lost in transport due to lack of information.

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Smile!
Soap bubbles always complain about being inflated. Zeros that know their place are just a few ones. Do not rush words - observe safety precautions. The writer had feathers - he lacked wings. It is a pity that loved ones are sometimes narrow-minded.

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What is the culture of speech? CULTURE OF SPEECH is an applied branch of linguistics, which deals with two questions: HOW TO SPEAK CORRECTLY and HOW TO SPEAK WELL?

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The concept of "culture of speech" includes two stages of development literary language: 1) correctness of speech; 2) speech skills. The correctness of speech is the observance of the norms of the literary language. Speech skill is the ability to correctly construct an utterance.

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The qualities of speech are the properties of speech that ensure the effectiveness of communication and characterize the level of speech culture of the speaker. correctness of speech purity richness accuracy logic relevance expressiveness clarity

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Types of speech: speaking - sending sound signals that carry information; listening - perception of sound signals and their understanding; writing - the use of visible graphic symbols to convey a message; reading - the perception of graphic symbols and their understanding.

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A monologue is a genre that is formed as a result of the active speech activity of the speaker and is not designed for an active simultaneous reaction of the listener. Dialogue is a genre of speech, consisting of a regular exchange of statements-replicas, on language composition affected direct perception speech activity of the speaker by the interlocutor. Polylogue is a genre of speech that arises from the direct communication of several persons.

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Let us dwell in more detail on the concept of “Etiquette”. The concept is philosophical, ethical. “Etiquette (from French etiquette - label, label) is a set of rules of conduct relating to the outward manifestation of attitude towards people (treatment with others, forms of communication, manners and clothing)”

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What is understood as speech etiquette is used in the speech of each of us daily and repeatedly.

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Greetings. Addresses Greetings and salutations set the tone for the entire conversation. Depending on the social role interlocutors, their degree of closeness is developed by you - communication or you - communication and, accordingly, greetings hello or hello. Good afternoon (evening, morning), hello, fireworks, etc. Perhaps these are the most common expressions: we turn to someone many times a day, greet our acquaintances, and sometimes strangers, say goodbye to people, thank someone, apologize to someone, congratulate someone, someone we wish good luck or make a compliment, we condole with someone, we sympathize; We advise, ask, offer and invite...

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National and cultural traditions prescribe certain forms of addressing strangers. If at the beginning of the century the universal methods of address were a citizen and a citizen, then in the second half of the 20th century dialectal southern forms of address based on gender - a woman, a man - became widespread. Recently, often in casual colloquial speech, when referring to an unfamiliar woman, the word lady is used, but when referring to a man, the word master is used only in an official, semi-official, club setting. The development of the same acceptable address for a man or a woman is a matter of the future: sociocultural norms will have their say here.

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“You” and “You” are pronouns, used “instead of a name”. The “life” of pronouns is very interesting in itself. Moreover, personal pronouns are directly related to speech etiquette. They are connected with self-naming and with the naming of the interlocutor, with the feeling of what is “decent” and “indecent” in such naming.

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In Russian, you are widely used - communication in informal speech. A superficial acquaintance in some cases and a distant, long-term relationship of old acquaintances in others is shown by the use of the polite "you." In addition, you - communication indicates respect for the participants in the dialogue; so, you - communication is typical for old friends, who have deep feelings of respect and devotion for each other. More often you - communication with a long acquaintance or friendship is observed among women. Men of different social strata are more often inclined towards You - communication. Among uneducated and uncultured men, You - communication is considered the only acceptable form of social interaction.

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YOU The appeal to “You” indicates greater politeness: To an unfamiliar, unfamiliar person In an official setting of communication With an emphatically polite, restrained attitude towards a person To an equal and older (in age, position) person YOU The appeal to “You” indicates less politeness: 1. To a well-known person 2. In an informal setting of communication 3. With a friendly, familiar, intimate attitude towards a person 4. To an equal and younger (in age, position) person

Orthoepic norms Orthoepic norms Read the words, observing the norms of the literary language: Facilitate, more beautiful, solicitation, provision, catalog, (she) impudent, blinds, quarter, dispensary, sandwich, disinfection, engineer (s / a), ist (e / e) kshiy (year), teenage, Ilyinichna, overcoat, antithesis, interpretation, hyphen.

Lexical norms Lexical norms Find sentences with speech errors. Fix them. 1. She preferred gold jewelry with precious stones to cheap fakes. 2. Approving the documentation, the rector puts his signature on it. 3. In the report, along with achievements, a number of shortcomings were noted. 4. The first leader of the party made a welcoming speech. 5. The performing talent of this talented pianist was unattainable.

Grammar norms Grammatical norms In which rows are words with an error in the formation of these forms? 1) professor, director, driver 2) grams, amperes, tomatoes 3) stronger, prettier, more agile Correct grammatical errors in these proposals. 1. The bill was approved by 245 deputies. 2. Those who embark on the path of evil are doomed to defeat. 3. Looking at this bench in the yard, he remembered his youth.

Spelling and punctuation norms Spelling and punctuation norms Write the text in accordance with spelling and punctuation norms. We are now (not) satisfied with the language, but (h, s) here it is very important to disassemble (?) The language in this v.. is new or something else. After all, the language pr..adapting to the needs of society is subject to ..tsya to the people who use it. Language reflects the state of society. So (n ..) the language needs to be corrected now.

high culture colloquial and writing, good knowledge and development of the flair of the language, the ability to use its expressive means, its stylistic diversity is the best support, the surest help and the most reliable recommendation for every person in his social life and creative activity. V.V. Vinogradov

The correctness of Russian speech The concept of "culture of speech" includes two steps
mastering the literary language: 1) the correctness of speech;
2) speech skills.
Correctness of speech is the observance of norms
literary language.
Speech skill is the ability to correctly build
statement.

The qualities of speech are the properties of speech that ensure the effectiveness of communication and characterize the level of speech culture of the speaker.

correctness of speech
purity
wealth
accuracy
consistency
relevance
expressiveness
clarity

Types of speech:

speaking - sending sound
signals carrying information;
listening - perception of sound signals and
their understanding;
writing - the use of visible
graphic characters to send
messages;
reading - perception of graphic symbols
and their understanding.

Genres of speech

Monologue is a genre formed as a result of
active speech activity of the speaker and not
designed for active simultaneous
listener reaction.
Dialogue is a genre of speech consisting of regular
exchange of statements-replicas, in the language
the composition of which directly affects
perception of the speaker's speech activity
interlocutor.
Polylogue is a genre of speech that occurs when
direct communication between several people.

Advantages and disadvantages of speech

The culture of speech includes three aspects:

normative;
communicative;
ethical.

Let's take a closer look at
the concept of “Etiquette”. The concept
it's philosophical
ethical.
“Etiquette (from French etiquette
- label, label) set of rules
behavior concerning
external manifestation
relation to
people (dealing with
surrounding,form
communication, manners and
clothes) "

What is meant by speech
etiquette, used in speech
each of us daily and
repeatedly.

Greetings. Appeals

Greetings and salutations set the tone for the entire conversation. AT
depending on the social role of the interlocutors, the degree
their proximity produces you - communication or you -
communication and, accordingly, greetings hello or
hello. Good afternoon (evening, morning), hello,
fireworks, etc.
Perhaps these are the most common expressions: we
many times a day we turn to someone, we greet
our acquaintances, and sometimes strangers, we say goodbye to
people, someone
thank you, apologize to someone, someone
congratulations,
wish someone good luck or make a compliment, someone
we sympathize, we sympathize; we advise, we ask
offer and invite...

National and cultural traditions prescribe
certain forms of address to strangers.
If at the beginning of the century in universal ways
appeals were a citizen and a citizen, then in the second
half of the 20th century became widespread
dialect southern forms of address based on gender -
female Male. Recently, often
informal colloquial speech, when referring to
to an unfamiliar woman, the word lady is used, however
when referring to a man, the word master is used
only in official, semi-official, club
environment. Development of the same acceptable
addressing a man or a woman is a matter of the future:
socio-cultural norms will have their say here.

"you" and "you"

Empty "You"
cordial
"You" she, saying,
replaced.
A.S. Pushkin.

“You” and “you” are pronouns
are used "instead of a name". "A life"
pronouns in itself is very interesting.
Moreover, personal pronouns have
directly related to speech etiquette.
They are associated with self-naming and with
naming the interlocutor, with a feeling
what is "decent" and "indecent" in
such naming.

Widespread in Russian
You are communication in informal speech.
Superficial acquaintance in some cases
and distant long-term relationships of old
acquaintances in others are shown
using the polite "you". Except
that you are - communication testifies to
respect for the participants in the dialogue; so you -
communication is typical for old friends,
having deep feelings for each other
respect and devotion. More often than not, you
long-term communication or
friendly relations are observed among
women. Men of different social
layers are more often inclined towards You - communication. Among
uneducated and uncultured men
You - communication counts only
acceptable form of social
interactions.

YOU
Appeal to "You"
indicates more
courtesy:
1.
2.
3.
4.
To the unfamiliar
unfamiliar person
In a formal setting
communication
With emphatically polite
, reserved attitude towards
man
To an equal and senior (according to
age, position)
man
YOU
Appeal to "You"
testifies to
less courtesy:
1. To a well-known
man
2. In the informal
communication environment
3. With a friendly,
familiar, intimate
relation to man
4. To an equal and younger (according to
age, position)
man

Respect for others
person, courtesy and
goodwill helps
verbally express speech
etiquette; he is appropriate in moderation
used, eventually
ultimately creates a culture
behavior.

Thus, speech etiquette
is a collection
verbal forms of courtesy,
courtesy, that is, without which we
you can't get by, no matter what
no corner of the earth we were.

Remember: rudeness always hurts and
everywhere, no one and under no circumstances
circumstances are not allowed
be rude!
Let's remember something else: the word
good can do wonders with
man. What's up with the man!
The brilliant training of Durov, as
known to be based on
“strokes.” A kind word and
the cat is happy!” And evil is always
offends.

The culture of communication is that part
culture of behavior
expressed mainly in speech,
in mutual exchange of remarks,
conversation. Naturally, there are
certain rules of conversation,
which can be called etiquette
speech.

The rules of "culture of speech"

1. Try to speak correctly, do not use rude words in your speech.
expressions
2. Only talk about what you know. Remember that "to speak without thinking,
It's like shooting without aiming."
3. Do not rush to express your thoughts.
4. Don't be verbose. Choose in conversation those words that are better
just express your idea.
5. When talking, do not wave your arms. Thought must be expressed
words, not gestures.
6. Do not speak quickly, do not swallow words.
7. Do not try to shout down the interlocutor if he speaks too much
loud. Start talking quietly, the interlocutor will also stop screaming.
8. Be affectionate and friendly when talking to babies.
9. Do not give nicknames to your comrades.

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A culture of speech. Norms of the language The culture of speech is the possession of the norms and riches of the language for expressing one's thoughts. Language norms are the correct use of words and sentences in oral and written speech. The norms of the language establish: 1. The pronunciation norm of how to pronounce words correctly and emphasize: heart [ch]th blow, heart [shn] friend, willow 2. Word-building norm how to form words correctly: observer (but not observer), reviewer (but not a reviewer) 3. Spelling norm how to write words correctly: antenna, touch 4. Morphological norm how to correctly form word forms: dresses, tomatoes 5. Syntactic norm how to build sentences correctly: I missed (for whom?) them (but not for them). 6. Punctuation norm how to correctly punctuate: When night fell, all the voices stopped.

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Speech qualities Speech qualities correctness (achieved by observing the language norm) accuracy logicality richness purity relevance expressiveness

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Accuracy of speech Accurate speech happens when we know well what we are talking about and select the right words for this. ! Ignorance of the exact meaning of the word leads to its incorrect use in speech. proud character proud character But! proud posture burning desire burning desire But! combustible substance intolerable man intolerant man But! unbearable pain

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The logicality of speech Logical is such a speech in which the thought is stated sequentially; words, sentences and parts of a sentence are related in meaning. Violation of the logic of speech: Our shepherd has an assistant - a small dog. She saw a wolf near the herd. Our shepherd has an assistant - a small dog that guards the sheep. One day she saw a wolf near the herd.

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Richness of speech rich speech- one that uses a variety of sentences, words and combinations of words. One day I noticed how the grass and puddles were covered with frost. I have witnessed the birth of frost; how he dried and whitened the old, red grass, covered the puddles with the thinnest glass.

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Purity of speech Pure speech is called such speech in which they are not used: superfluous words young boy first premiere adjacent single-root words tell a story drawn drawing colloquial words from theirs

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Appropriateness and expressiveness of speech Appropriate speech is called, the words and expressions of which are chosen taking into account what, where and for whom we speak and write. Expressive is a figurative, vivid speech that makes a special impression on the reader or listener.

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Dialogue and monologue Dialogue is a conversation between two people. A monologue is the speech of one person. - You? - I. - I can't believe my eyes! - You asked me to come. Here I come. - Of course of course. I am very happy. Well, the storm passed over us today! Believe me, I am not a timid man, and even then I was scared to death. At first everything was quiet, normal, I was about to go to bed, when suddenly blinding lightning flashed. ! The words of each person in the dialogue are written on a new line. They are preceded by a dash.