Entertainment "Journey with Dunno to the country of games." Logic games for the development of mental functions of preschoolers. “Dunno” by N. Nosov. travel game Dunno questions to children at fun

Summer is a wonderful time for children's holidays, a time for new experiences, acquaintances and discoveries! Summer is also a great time to read! Every summer in the children's library is especially noisy. At this time, librarians are preparing something special for their young readers. 2015 was no exception and was not without pleasant surprises - the guys took part in the exciting project of summer readings "Literary Wanderings".

For three weeks, the guys traveled through the book by N. Nosov "The Adventure of Dunno and his friends." Every day there were various events, games, competitions, entertainment and master classes.
But everything comes to an end, and on July 24 the walking group was closed. Cheerful and perky Dunno invited the guys to take part in the quest game.

The guys divided into two teams, "Bells" and "Flower Glade", and went on a fun journey through the Flower City. The journey took place according to waybills, on which stations and their locations were indicated. At each of the stations, the characters from the book "The Adventure of Dunno" were waiting for the children.
The tube suggested that the children try themselves as artists and draw all the flowers that grew in the Flower City. The teams did an excellent job with this task.
Znayka prepared a more difficult task for the guys. The children had to remember a fragment from the book where Dunno wanted to become an artist. Red nose, green ears, blue lips, blue hair, orange eyes and purple mustaches… Who did Dunno draw, try, guess! But our young readers do not care. Svetlana Savelyeva from the Bells team immediately gave an answer, but the guys from the Flower Glade team argued for a long time and violently, but they could not remember Dunno's friend Gunka. The children used the book and completed the penalty task.
Dunno decided to play a little trick and confuse the guys. He offered to give the names of his friends from the Flower City. But among them were also characters from other works. The Bells team completed the task this time without difficulty. And the "Flower Glade" could not remember the Button and again used the hint from the book.
Gunka invited the children to look at the objects and answer what they have to do with the characters from the work "The Adventure of Dunno and His Friends". Here, both teams showed their knowledge and easily remembered the inhabitants of the Flower City and the names of the streets.
Chamomile, like all shorties, loves to sing. The most favorite song in the Flower City is "A Grasshopper Sat in the Grass". The guys had to make up the text of the song from the scattered sentences and sing it. The Bells team was ahead of its rivals here too - they quickly collected the scattered lines, guessed the song and sang it together. The Flower Glade team completed the task with a penalty task.
At each station, teams received letters. After going through all the stages, it was necessary to compose a word. The teams varied the letters for a long time, but they did not succeed in completing the task. Then Dunno suggested that friendship helps in any difficult matter. Teams - rivals united and amicably laid down "N. Nosov Neznayka". The guys loudly chanted these words for a long time and rejoiced at their victory. Despite the fact that the Bells team won, there were no losers.
Dunno invited the guys to the "Neznaykina Fair", where they could exchange "santiki" for memorable prizes.
The festive day ended with tea.
The summer walking group is over, but summer continues. The Children's Library is waiting for its young readers in August to take an active part in events and competitions.

The scenario is designed for students in grades 4-5 and their parents (for family teams)

Work description: this scenario will be useful for teachers, educators additional education, librarians. It is held for the anniversary of N.N. Nosov, at the Children's Book Week, as a competition "Dad, Mom, I am a Reading Family"

Preparatory work for teams: prepare your own story about Dunno; dramatization of an excerpt from the works of N. N. Nosov about Dunno.

Targets and goals : consolidate knowledge on the work of N. N. Nosov; develop interest in the work of a children's writer; broaden the horizons of students; develop thinking, imagination, memory, speed of reaction, the ability to collectively solve problems; develop feelings of empathy and mutual support; strengthen family relationships through joint activities; create conditions for emotional rapprochement between children and parents.

Members : teams of three: dad, mom and child.

Event progress:

The song "Where are wizards found?"

Presenter 1 : Nikolai Nikolaevich Nosov truly became a real magician for us, both adults and children. We read and re-read his amazing books several times.

Lead 2 : On November 23, 2013, the wonderful children's writer Nikolai Nikolaevich Nosov turns 105 years old. And the biggest gift for him would be that for so many years, children and adults of different generations have read and loved his books.

Our today's game is dedicated to his creativity.

Presenter 1 : Families take part in it ... (represents teams). We hope that they will overcome all trials, and the most well-read will come to victory.

Host 2: Dear parents! Tell me, please, what book comes to your mind first of all when you mention the name of Nikolai Nikolaevich Nosov? (parents' answers)

What do you guys say? (children's answers)

Here you see! Of course, his most famous and most read books are about Dunno. Here we are with you and remember the adventures of Dunno in today's game.

Presenter 1: At the end of each contest, the results will be summed up. Our esteemed jury will help us with this ... (introduces the members of the jury)

Host 2: Let's start with the blitz tournament. Let's take a closer look at the characters in the story. I will name the hero, and you must name his favorite pastime.

Znayka - knows everything, an engineer-inventor.

Pilyulkin is a doctor.

Tube is an artist.

Guslya is a musician.

Bullet is a hunter.

Know-nothing - knows nothing, takes on everything, a liar and a braggart.

Vintik is a mechanic who makes various mechanisms.

Syrupchik - likes sparkling water with syrup.

Steklyashkin is an astronomer.

Donut is a lover of food, plump.

Silent - taciturn.

Grumpy - always dissatisfied with something.

Some of them came to us today: Dunno, Tsvetik, Znayka, Guslya, Pilyulkin, Pulka are coming out.

Dunno: I love to make up stories and tell them to everyone. No, I'm not a cheater, I just like to fantasize. Do you remember the story I made up about the torn piece of the Sun?

Leading: Dunno, tell me again.

Dunno: No, I'm not interested in telling the same story a second time. Yes, I don't remember all the details.

Presenter 1: Maybe the teams will tell?

Competition "Storytellers"

teams must tell a story about how Dunno mistook a Maybug for a piece torn off from the Sun. They tell by continuing the story in turn.

Lead 2 : So, Dunno is familiar to you from early childhood. Now, what is he famous for? (command responses)

Dunno: Guys, would you like to become as famous as me?

Znayka: Never settle for being like Dunno

flower: Better take an example from Znayka - he is so smart, he knows a lot.

Guslya : And he knows a lot, because he read different books. From reading books, Znayka became very smart.

Presenter 1: Znayka, check whether the teams carefully read the works of N.N. Nosova

Contest "Znayka"

What are the books about the Dunno called? ("The Adventure of Dunno and His Friends", "Dunno in the Sunny City", "Dunno on the Moon")

How many kids called babies? (Imaginary)

What were the names of the little ones? (Brawlers)

What was the name of the most important baby - shorty? (Znayka)

Who was the most famous among the kids? (Dunno)

What street did Dunno's friend Gunka live on? (on Margaritok street)

What did Rasteryaika remember when the kids went up in a balloon? (that he forgot his hat at home)

Why was Donut chewing on sugar when the kids were in the balloon? (he wanted to eat sugar to make the ball lighter and rise even higher)

How did the kids' air travel end? (an accident occurred: the basket hit the ground)

How many shorties was the balloon designed for? (at 15)

Dunno : Znayka, maybe the guys don't want to be as smart as you?

Znayka: Then they can become such great artists as...

Dunno : I!

Znayka: Like a tube!

Lead 2 : The teams will now remind us how Dunno painted Gunka.

Competition "Artists" (drawn on easels - with a red nose, green ears, blue lips, orange eyes and a purple mustache)

flower: Still, it's best to be a poet.

Dunno : Just like me!

The hurried ball is hungry,

I swallowed a cold iron.

Or here's another:

At Avoska under the pillow

Sweet cheesecake lies.

Guslya: Bullshit! Avoska has no cheesecake under his pillow.

Dunno: You don't understand poetry. It is only for rhyme that it is said that it lies, but in fact it does not lie. Here I also wrote about Pilyulkin.

Pilyulkin : Brothers! We need to stop this bullying! Are we really going to listen today that Dunno is lying about all of us here?

Dunno: Well, okay, brothers, I won't. Just don't be angry with me.

flower: I better listen to the guys. I'm sure there are talents among them.

Leading : From the proposed rhymes you need to compose a poem. Whoever does it faster and better, he will score more points for his team.

Competition "Poetic"

kitten barrel ball river baby cucumber

child dot mosquito stove standing well done

Guslya: And now we will see how the teams coped with their homework.

Competition "Family Theater"

Teams show prepared dramatizations of excerpts from Dunno.

Pulka: Guys, do you remember the story about how I was treated in the hospital?

Dunno : He either demanded that he cook candy soup and marmalade porridge for lunch, then he ordered strawberry cutlets with mushroom sauce, although everyone knows that such cutlets do not exist. He ordered to bring applesauce, and when they brought applesauce, he said that he asked for pear kvass. When kvass was brought, he would invent something else.

Guslya: Every morning he sent one of the nannies to look around the city for his dog Bulka.

flower: Pulka sent another nanny to observe what the rest of the kids were doing, and report to him three times a day: in the morning, at lunchtime and in the evening.

Pulka : And I forced the third to tell me fairy tales from morning to evening.

Leading: I hope no one has to tell you fairy tales today.

Pulka : Actually, I wanted to ask the teams to tell me a story.

Contest "Inventors"

Teams must tell a story about Dunno, which they wrote themselves.

Presenter 1: And now we will hold an unusual auction.

Competition "Literary auction"

(The competition is held in the form of an auction. The host takes a wooden mallet in his hands, he acts as an auctioneer, and the teams act as buyers. On the table are items that appear in the works of Dunno. These are goods. The names of fairy tales, stories are the price , fables that are offered by teams)

Lead 2 : (raising glasses) Points - one ... Points - two ...

For example: I.A. Krylov’s fable “The Monkey and Glasses”

(If up to three times none of the teams calls any literary work with the mention of this word, the latter is "removed from the auction." If one of the teams named the work, the points go to the team. The team with the most purchases wins. The presenter congratulates the lucky buyers, thereby designating the winners of the competition). For example, such items: a book, a brush, the sun, a patch, paints, a hat, flowers, etc.

Presenter 1 : While the jury is counting the points, the teams will make the last push before the final.

Each team will have to make as many other words as possible from the letters of the proposed word. And the team with the longest word will get an extra point.

Competition "Last push"

The word "Journey"

Host 2: And for the audience, the quiz "In the country of literary heroes"

“He always dressed in a black suit, and when he sat down at the table, he put glasses on his nose ...” (Znayka)

“Wrenches, files, tongs and other iron tools were always sticking out of the pockets of their jackets ...” (Shpuntik and Vintik)

He had “favorite leather boots. The tops of these boots were above the knees and were fastened on top with buckles. (Pulka)

He came up with a special suit for himself - a zipper, “in which there was not a single button .. there were no separate shirts and trousers: they were connected into one whole in the manner of a jumpsuit. This jumpsuit was fastened on top with one button, which was on the back of the head ”(Toropyzhka)

“He always dressed in a long blouse, which he called a “hoodie”. (Tube)

“Her hair was blond, almost white, falling down to her shoulders in waves” (Snowflake)

“I always went in a white coat, and on my head I wore a white cap with a tassel” (Pilyulkin)

“He always went around in plaid suits. And he had plaid trousers, and a plaid jacket, and a plaid cap ”(Syropchik)

"Allotment striped sweatshirt, striped leggings, and wrapped a striped scarf around his neck ... from a distance it seemed that it was ... an ordinary striped mattress (Sky)

“She was in a blue dress made of silk shiny fabric, with the same silk belt tied at the back with a bow. She had blue eyes and dark hair tied in a long braid.” (Sineglazka)

“He was wearing a black jacket, greasy, like his trousers, in such an incredible way that it seemed to be made of leather.” (Bublik)

“She had plump, ruddy cheeks. The gray eyes looked sternly because of the horn-rimmed glasses.

“His hair was smoothly combed back, thick black eyebrows, which grew together on the bridge of the nose, were frowning, which gave his face a thoughtful expression” (Smekaylo)

“She had curly hair, cheerful, mischievous eyes and a sly face with a pointed nose” (Dragonfly)

After the quiz, the audience counts the received tokens. Several people who have the largest number tokens, receive sweet prizes.

Presenter 1: We give the floor to the teams: they will now take turns reading out what words they got.

The teams read the words.

Host 2: And now the floor is given to the jury.

The jury announces the results of the competitions and the overall results of the game.

Presenter 1 : Our game is over. We congratulate the winners and thank the teams for their participation. Team awards.

Dunno and his friends invite all participants of the game to a tea party.

Nikolai Nikolaevich Nosov (1908 - 1976) was born on November 23 - Soviet children's prose writer, playwright, screenwriter. Laureate of the Stalin Prize of the third degree (1952). Best known as a children's writer.

The fame and love of many generations of readers was received by Nosov's trilogy, which includes fairy tale novels "The Adventures of Dunno and His Friends" (1953-1954), "Dunno in the Sunny City" (1958) and "Dunno on the Moon" (1964-1965). The last of them was awarded the State Prize of the RSFSR named after N.K. Krupskaya in 1969.

In 1957 the authoritative international magazine made a calculation - the works of which Russian writers were most often translated into other languages. The result was a list in which the third - after Maxim Gorky and Alexander Pushkin was Nikolai Nosov. Through the efforts of translators, his characters spoke in many languages ​​of the world, even in Japanese. For example, the owner of a confectionery store in Japan wrote a letter to Nosov, in which he expressed his desire to name his enterprise in honor of Dunno.

In this article we will talk about the writer and his work, including fairy tales about Dunno, and also why Dunno on the Moon is compared with Ivan Efremov's Hour of the Bull, written in 1968.

“He brought his remarkable talent
The world as a gift.
And went to the city of Sunny
Drink nectar."
From a poem by Lydia Mirnaya dedicated to the memory of Nosov

Perhaps there is no person in our country who did not read the works of Nosov in childhood or did not know at least one hero of his wonderful books and stories.

Being a children's writer is no easy task. With children, you should not be cunning or try to deceive them in the desire to seem sincere.

“Think, consider. Writing for children is hard bread. You can’t live on it, but you have to give yourself completely ... ”- said the famous children's writer Nikolai Nikolaevich Nosov.

Brief biography of N. Nosov

The writer and playwright Nikolai Nikolaevich Nosov was born in 1908 on November 23 near Kyiv in the village of Irpen. All his childhood passed here. Since his father was a pop actor, his parents reasonably believed that Nikolai would follow in his footsteps. However, he preferred the violin, but very soon it became clear that learning music is not easy, which forced Nikolai to abandon his plans to become a musician.

The childhood of Nikolai Nikolaevich Nosov fell on one of the most tragic periods in Russian history. The war and the ensuing revolution deprived the family of stable earnings. Because of this, Nikolai had to combine his studies at the gymnasium with part-time jobs from the age of 14. Helping the family, he tried many professions, from a newspaper seller to a mower. After graduation civil war the gymnasium where Nikolai studied was transformed into a seven-year school, from which he graduated in 1924. After that, he got a job as a laborer at a local concrete plant, and then went to Bucha to a private brick factory.

Around the same time, Nikolai took up chemistry seriously, organizing a laboratory in the attic of his school friend, who also took an active part in scientific research. In the future, he wanted to enter the Kyiv Polytechnic Institute. However, he could not put this desire into practice due to the lack of a completed secondary education. Therefore, Nikolai began to study at an evening vocational school. At the age of 19, the future chemist changed his mind and chose to become a student at the Kyiv Art Institute. His choice was influenced by his passion for photography and cinema.

In 1929, Nikolai left for the capital, where he entered the Moscow Institute of Cinematography. Two years later, he graduated from this educational institution, becoming a director and director of scientific, animated and educational films.

During the war years, Nikolai Nikolaevich Nosov was engaged in directing educational films for the army. One of his military-technical creations for tank troops brought him the State Prize. In addition, in 1943 he was awarded the Order of the Red Star, which was one of the most revered military awards.

How Nikolai Nosov came to literature

Nikolai Nosov came to literature quite by accident. At first, he simply made up funny stories for his son and only a little later realized that the stories would be worth writing down.

The little son demanded more and more new fairy tales and interesting stories, and Nosov began to compose them first for him, and then for his friends. The writer realized that this work requires both great knowledge and understanding of child psychology. And most importantly, respect. And all Nosov's works are permeated with such great love and attention to children.

At the age of thirty, Nosov was first published in the Murzilka magazine with the story "Entertainers" and had unexpected success.

In subsequent years, the author began to write for various all-Union children's publications, winning the recognition and love of young readers. Nosov drew stories from real life, describing in detail and naturally the life of his funny heroes - smart, witty and inquisitive, in which every child could certainly recognize himself. The author, being a father himself, was well versed in child psychology and, importantly, perceived children as individuals, relying on educating healthy ideals of friendship, respect, mutual assistance and other things in their fragile consciousness. At the same time, Nosov's works completely lack open ideological propaganda, which was so characteristic of the writers of that period. But agitation for happiness, for a correct and conflict-free life permeates his works. Finally, Nosov's children's stories are simply fascinating stories that grab attention from the very first pages.

The glory of an accomplished children's writer finally strengthened after the release of the Dunno trilogy, which became a classic of children's literature.

Tales of Nikolai Nosov about Dunno

Here is how the writers speak about the fabulous trilogy about Dunno.

“Dunno - it was a discovery ... Adventures, characters, knowledge, morality - everything was put into the book, and so easily and organically - that it never occurred to a single child that he was not just entertained, he was taught ... That's why I I love this book” (Sergey Lukyanenko, writer),

“There were many outstanding children's writers in the USSR, but no one had Dunno on the Moon. Try reading it now. Our society is tailored according to his book. But its value is far from being limited to political satire” (Lev Pirogov, writer).

The most famous and loved by readers are the fabulous works of Nikolai Nosov about Dunno. The first of them is the fairy tale "Cog, Shpuntik and the vacuum cleaner." Then the famous trilogy was written: "The Adventures of Dunno and His Friends" (1953-1954), "Dunno in the Sunny City" (1958) and "Dunno on the Moon" (1964-1965). A fairy tale novel with elements of science fiction and political satire and dystopia Dunno on the Moon is called by economists the most sensible and accessible textbook of Soviet political economy. From it you can perfectly learn what advertising is, joint-stock company, bursting bank, corrupt press, strike, unemployment, stock exchange, what are market relations. In the fairy tale trilogy about Dunno, the writer complicates the task - in addition to simple skills, the acquisition of which can be learned from his first stories and novels, the writer includes teaching arithmetic or cooking porridge, he talks about space, rocket science, and the structure of society.

Did he write exclusively for children? It seems not. And this question especially arises in relation to his latest book - Dunno on the Moon.

Non-childish subtext in "Dunno on the Moon"

We open the book and see the inscription:

For children of primary school age.

But as soon as together with Dunno we get to the city of Davilon (as it is consonant with the biblical Babylon), a simple fairy tale develops into something more ... The author here is clearly carried away by social and political satire. Of course, re-reading the work at a different age and not a child, in almost any children's book you can find something not for children. However, judge for yourself.

We offer quotes with non-childish overtones from Dunno on the Moon.

1. One can only imagine and be moved by how children, who have recently crawled out of the sandbox, are talking about private property or they say, sitting down for the first time at a desk, that now it is their private property.

“What, you don’t recognize, perhaps, private property? Klops asked suspiciously.
Why don't I admit it? - Dunno was confused. - I admit, only I don't know what kind of property it is! We don't have any private property. We sow everything together, and we plant trees together, and then everyone takes what they need. We have a lot."

1. The reference to Stupid Island is a clear hint from Nosov that idleness and entertainment lead to complete degradation. Very subtle towards small children.

“Well, listen. Everything is possible here. It is only impossible not to have a roof over your head and walk down the street without a shirt, without a hat or without shoes. Anyone who breaks this rule is caught by the police and sent to Stupid Island. It is believed that if you are not able to earn your own housing and clothes, then you are a hopeless fool and you have a place just on the island of Fools. At first, you will be fed and watered there, and treated to whatever you want, and you won’t have to do anything. Know yourself to eat and drink, be merry and sleep, and walk as much as you like. From such a stupid pastime, the little man on the island gradually grows stupid, runs wild, then begins to grow wool and eventually turns into a ram or a sheep ... "

1. It is unlikely that children will come to mind to cash in on their less wealthy comrades. The swindlers that Nosov writes about, they, one would like to hope, have not yet become by this age.

“The fact is that Dunno flew to us from another planet with an invaluable cargo. He brought the seeds of giant plants that produce very large fruits. ...But the only inconvenience is that these seeds remained on the surface of the Moon, in the rocket. We do not have aircraft that can rise to such a height. Therefore, first it will be necessary to design and build such an apparatus, but this will require money.
“It will be more difficult with money,” said Julio. - I know many who would not refuse to receive money, but I do not know anyone who would agree to voluntarily part with them.
- That's really true, - said, smiling, Miga. But I already have a wonderful plan in mind. The money for this business should be given by the poor themselves. After all, it is for them that we want to get seeds from the moon.
- Correctly! Julio rejoiced. - We will establish joint-stock company. Let's issue shares... Do you know what shares are? he asked Dunno.
“No, I haven’t heard anything about them,” Dunno admitted.
- Shares are such pieces of paper, like banknotes. They can be printed in a printing house. We will sell each share, say, at a furthing. We will spend the proceeds on the construction of an aircraft, and when the seeds are delivered, each shareholder will receive his share of the seeds. Of course, whoever has more shares will get more seeds.”

1. The name of the city where the heroes go is reminiscent of San Francisco. Isn't Bunin's hero going there for the American dream? It's good that everything ended well here.

“- That's wonderful! Krabs said. - You can have great fun in San Comarique. However, money is good everywhere.”

1. Modern children, of course, do not read newspapers at all. In our opinion, Nosov very correctly described all the preferences here. Who does not like to look through the "yellow" press ...

“There were “Business savvy”, and “Davilon humoresques”, and “Newspaper for plump ones”, and “Newspaper for thin ones”, and “Newspaper for smart ones”, and “Newspaper for fools”. Everyone who has bought The Paper for Fools has said that he buys it not because he considers himself a fool, but because he is interested in knowing what they write about for fools. By the way, this newspaper was conducted very reasonably. Everything in it was clear even for fools. As a result, the Paper for Fools sold in large quantities and was sold not only in the city of Davilon, but also in many other cities. Newspaper owners were well aware that the name itself must arouse the interest of the reader, otherwise no one would buy their newspaper.

1. The city is not without secret societies similar to Freemasons.

“One day, when they were returning from work, Piskarik said: I see you are a good shorty, and you can be trusted with a secret. We have a secret society here. It's called the Society of Free Spinners. If you want, I can sign you up too. We get together from time to time, talk about life, buy together good books Let's subscribe to the newspaper together. You know, it's hard to spend money on a newspaper alone, but together it's much easier. We want all spinners to become more educated and smarter.”

That is, Nikolai Nosov prophetically warned us back in childhood, back in the 60s, about what would happen to the country in the future.

"Dunno on the Moon" is in many ways a reflection of modern reality in Russia. In a world ruled only by the thirst for money, profit and entertainment, people turn into sheep - this is the writer's message to us.

Nikolai Nosov already in those years speaks of the following moral and social categories:

1. Worldview:

Why do rich people need so much money? - Dunno was surprised. - Is it possible for a rich man to eat several million? “Well, this is when you want to blow dust in the nose of others.”

1. Advertising

“Usually a sleepwalker buys only those things that he read about in the newspaper, but if he sees a cleverly crafted advertisement somewhere on the wall, he can even buy the thing that he does not need at all.”

1. Monopolization of the economy

“The best way out of this situation is to start selling salt even cheaper. The owners of small factories will be forced to sell salt at too low a price, their factories will start to operate at a loss, and they will have to close them. But then we will raise the price of salt again, and no one will stop us from making capital.”

1. The state of science

“Dunno asked why lunar astronomers or lunar scientists have not yet built an aircraft capable of reaching the outer shell of the moon. Memega said it would be too expensive to build such a craft, while lunar scientists don't have the money. Only the rich have money, but no rich man will agree to spend money on a business that does not promise big profits.

1. Legality (as if written about the 90s and werewolf cops)

“Who are these policemen? - Herring asked. - Bandits! - Kolosok said with irritation. - Honestly, bandits! Indeed, the duty of the police is to protect the population from robbers, in reality they only protect the rich. And the rich are the real robbers. They only rob us, hiding behind the laws that they themselves come up with. And what, tell me, is the difference, according to the law I will be robbed or not according to the law? I do not care!"

1. System as a whole

“... whoever has money will do well on Stupid Island. For money, the rich man will build himself a house in which the air is well purified, pay the doctor, and the doctor will prescribe pills for him, from which the hair does not grow back so quickly. In addition, for the rich there are so-called beauty salons. If some rich man gets swallowed harmful air, then quickly runs into such a salon. There, for money, various poultices and ointments will be made for him, so that the muzzle of a lamb looks like an ordinary short face. True, these poultices do not always help well. You look at such a rich man from a distance - as if he were a normal short man, but if you look closer - the simplest ram.

Thus, the writer described the system that came to power in the 90s - nomenklatura-oligarchic capitalism.

The descriptions are so accurate and detailed that a doubt involuntarily creeps in - how could a person who lived his whole life behind an impenetrable then " iron curtain”, to draw such a large-scale and impeccably executed canvas? Moreover, he wrote out not the capitalism of that time, but also the capitalism of today. Where does he get such detailed knowledge of the stock market game, brokers, “inflated” stocks and financial pyramids? Where, finally, did rubber batons with built-in stun guns come from, because in those years they simply were not in service with the police - not in Western countries, and even more so with us.

This tale is reminiscent of an inadvertent description of the self-awareness of those inhabitants of the USSR who in 1991 woke up as if on the moon: they had to survive in a situation where what seemed to be an eventless street of Kolokolchikov remained in the distant past - along with its supposedly eternal time ...

Interesting facts about the book "Dunno on the Moon"

The events described in the fairy tale trilogy are typical for capitalism of the XX-XXI centuries. In a satirical form, Nikolai Nosov described post-Soviet Russia, touching on the main features of lunar capitalism:

• Persecution of workers and trade union organizations;
• The merging of power and the development of monopoly;
• Exchange trading in securities shows the role of fictitious capital in post-Soviet Russia;
• The description of the work of "bradlams" characterizes the complete monopolization of business in the country;
• The problem of dealing with economic competitors is manifested in the description of "Salt Bradlam" (small salt production);
• The characteristic features of the pre-capitalist formation are manifested in the monetary lease of land on the sea coast for the extraction of salt;
• The author raises the problems of unemployment, manipulation of the population by the media and public censorship, free trade in weapons, police armor,
• Hidden charges at the Economic Hotel affect unfair advertising;
• Draconian laws against vagrancy and pauperism (mass poverty): anyone who walks without shoes or sleeps on the street is pursued by the police and sent to Stupid Island;
• Kickbacks - Spruts, in order to bribe Julio and Migi, offers "Big Bradlam" to chip in 3 million each. Having collected money from the monopolists, Spruts keeps 1 million for himself;
• Demonstration of the rich and the poor on the example of the lifestyle of the soap monopolist Gryazing and the purchase of a car on credit by Kozlik. Wealthy people do not increase capital, but squander funds for entertainment on dog restaurants and hairdressers;
• The corrupt actions of the judiciary and the police are manifested in the extortion of Migle's bribe from Dunno, the recognition of Judge Wriglem in total bribery of the police.

The trilogy was written as a satire on the Western capitalism of the time. At the same time, many of the phenomena described by Nosov are rather characteristic of capitalism at the beginning of the 20th century. Some things are exaggerated, some things, on the contrary, have survived to this day. "Dunno on the Moon" was ahead of its time, becoming in fact a description of post-Soviet Russia, describing its inherent "wild capitalism" of the 90s.

Nosov has never been abroad, but he turned out to be such a unique visionary that in his novel about Dunno on the Moon he described not only “Americanization”, but also the subsequent attack of the West on our way of life.

Lunar cities and characters, abodes and sources of capital, are alien even in Nosov’s names: Fantomas and San Komarik, Davilon and Brehenvil, countless octopuses, miglis, muddings and scooperfields, the names of the poor villages are emphatically Russian - Neelovka, Beskhlebovo, Golodaevka ...

At the same time, the shorties on both planets speak the same language and it is clear that the worlds of the shorties of the Earth and the Moon are “Russian” worlds, or rather, the Russian world and antiworld. It is also remarkable that among the three main role models on which the builders of communism were brought up, Pinocchio, Chipollino and Dunno, main character Nikolai Nosov - the only flesh of our flesh, not borrowed from "Europe" ...

"Hour of the Bull" by I. Efremov and "Dunno on the Moon" - books about the future of Russia

In 1968, 3 years after the publication of Dunno on the Moon, the novel The Hour of the Bull by I. Efremov was published.

Fantast Efremov Ivan Antonovich (1907 - 1972) and children's writer Nosov Nikolai Nikolaevich (1908-1976) are people of the same generation, and their views were formed under the influence of similar conditions, historical events. Isn't that why in Efremov's novel "The Hour of the Bull" and in Nosov's book "Dunno on the Moon" the plot is strikingly similar? Even the plot, they are close to each other.

And in Efremov's book, Nosov, short earthlings go into space in order to provide assistance. If in the "Hour of the Bull" - brothers in distress in mind, then in Nosov - Dunno and Donut who accidentally hijacked a space rocket.

Similar to Tormans in the "Hour of the Ox", the Small Earth, on which the lunar shorties live, is an infernal society, stuck in timelessness, not knowing progress, which cannot independently overcome the interplanetary barrier of development (in the case of the lunar shorties, this is even more clearly shown: they are separated from the rest outer surface of the moon). In the past of Malaya Zemlya, a grandiose cataclysm took place - evidence of this - the lunar craters, which turned out to be the walls of the most ancient huge cities, from which the lunar shorties were forced to move to inner planet. And this internally hollow Moon refers to the myths of some peoples of our planet. Nosov does not dwell on the history of the lunar society, but it is obvious to the reader that social and scientific-technical degradation and ecological catastrophe took place here. A hint of the latter is the "bad air" on Wacky Island, under the influence of which the shorties turn into sheep (mutate?). By the way, the Foolish Island itself, which was created to utilize the social lower classes of the lunar society, is not an analogue of the “soft death” on Tormance?

The terrestrial ones are completely opposite to the lunar short ones. They live by the principles of a non-violent and non-alienated civilization, in harmony with nature (fun fact: Vintik and Shpuntik's car runs on sparkling water - isn't it a hint of a search for simpler, and at the same time, more advanced energy sources compared to oil?). They do not need money and securities - they do not have a hernia of the economy. They don't go to work in the usual sense. All that they do - write poetry, cook food on a fire, when the effect of weightlessness suddenly appears in the house, build a balloon or a rocket to fly to the moon - all this can be difficult, but still interesting things that they do not working but playing. Work among earthly shorties is a voluntary and honorable duty. Just like in the society of the future with Efremov.

Nosov does not give a name to the social system in which the inhabitants of the Flower Town are immersed. Recall that the book was written in the 1960s, when the CPSU proclaimed:

"The current generation of Soviet people will live under communism!"

Apparently, Nosov believed that his readers, having matured, would already live under communism, and it would become a natural environment for them that did not require special designations.

But in relation to the society of lunar shorties, all names are named, all masks are dropped. Pasta magnate Skooperfild and financial tycoon Mr. Spruts, who makes money on the bullish trend of the shares of the puffy Giant Plant Society. Rooming houses for vagrants and dispersal of demonstrations. Brainwashing of the townsfolk by the corrupt press and television (“weightlessness is a phenomenon from which all bones become soft and a person turns into a worm”). Monopolization of markets and the ruin of small entrepreneurs (remember how the Donut went bankrupt, revealing the gastronomic value of salt to the lunar shorties?). Secret organizations workers, one of which ("Society of Free Twisters") joins Donut after the ruin. Truly, Nosov's book is a textbook on the sociology of biblical civilization for kids!

Nosov, like Efremov, were real communists. It should be remembered that:

"Not all communists were party members, and not all party members were communists."

Of course, Nosov did not have such problems with the release of "Dunno on the Moon" in print, as Efremov had with "Hour of the Bull". But here's what's interesting: Nosov understands more than some even today's "communists" the need for technical, and not just moral, superiority of socialism over the previous formation. Lunar shorties throw off the yoke of the local "elite" when they begin to use in agriculture seeds of giant plants brought by earthlings, when anti-gravity is arbitrarily introduced in industry and transport. Remember how Znayka and friends, having turned on the weightlessness apparatus, fly on an ordinary sea steamer to save Dunno and other short men who got to the Fool's Island, or how the workers of the pasta factory, using weightlessness, expel Scooperfield). So, Nosov's book is not only children's fun, but also an occasion for adults to think!

Conclusion

In the USSR in the 70s of the last century, the process of the future transformation of biblical civilization was seen and described by two people:

• Ivan Antonovich Efremov in the novel "The Hour of the Bull"
• and Nikolai Nikolaevich Nosov in the children's novel "Dunno on the Moon"

I.A.Efremov managed to look into the distant future of earthlings in such a way that the West, against the background of his science fiction, looks today like a wild barbaric atavism, despite all its technical achievements. After all, Western science fiction, which is presented by Hollywood in the form of a seemingly harmless politically neutral "entertainment", is an ideological mirror of its aggressiveness.

The West is sure that if there are extraterrestrial civilizations, then they sleep and see how to enslave earthlings, i.e. they are inherently aggressive. And therefore, earthlings should strive not to understand other worlds, but to prepare to repel aggression from their side, to subjugate the "backward" extraterrestrial civilizations and colonization of their planets. Those. morally and psychologically, everything is there, like the times of Captain Cook, with the only difference that the carrier of aggression is not a wooden trough under sails, but a starship ...

The book "The Hour of the Bull", which is a fantastic work in the form of presentation, is essentially a programmatic worldview manifesto of Russian civilization, as the author understood it in his time.

This work is "multilayered", filled with the author's insights, his deepest reflections on the essence of human nature, and possible ways of civilization development. Nosov did the same for the children.

Afterword

In the third book - "Dunno on the Moon" - Nosov for the first time introduces outright evil into his fairy-tale world! Unlike the Flower City, on the Moon, the short men grow old, go bald, wear mustaches and beards, die of disease and die violent deaths. And these are no longer carminatives, everything is serious here and no magician will save you from hunger or, worse, a stray gangster bullet.

“... There is a bike. Boris Yeltsin during the first inauguration - to create a picture befitting the moment - read an oath on the only thick book found in a hurry: the Constitution of the newly formed Russia was still being rewritten and was being finalized. By a fatal accident, this "thick book" turned out to be Dunno on the Moon. What happened next, everyone remembers very well.

Of course, he took an oath on the Constitution, but the spread of this tale in society well characterizes the psychodynamics of Soviet society at that time.

In the 90s, a hungry country was not up to the prophets. It was as if they forgot about Nosov, and even on the centenary of the writer's birth in 2008, the same Literaturnaya Gazeta managed a note in a few lines.

Whereas the story itself suddenly turned out to be about all of us: everyone who managed to catch Perestroika and Acceleration will sign the expression “fell from the moon”.

Nosov writes about the virus of capitalism and gives the recipe himself. After spending a whole year on the moon, Dunno became infected with the pernicious lunar death gene. Spaceship miraculously manages to fly while Dunno is still alive. Akin to an epic character, Dunno falls to the ground and literally takes strength from it, recovering from the harmful lunar influence ...

Faced with capitalism, Dunno matured and returned to Earth no longer a child, but a different person. The transformation of the hero is obviously connected with the awareness of the Motherland. The journey of the shorties to the moon is not just an adventure in time and movement in space, it is a transition to another dimension (an initiation, if you like), a journey into the souls of the characters. In the nineties, the first readers of Dunno on the Moon were 30-40 years old ...

The way home is another eternal world story, interpreted so widely that today it is an additional dimension of the national idea. Whatever is understood by this term, almost always it is the restoration of the order of things, the triumph of justice.

Hidden in the novel, it turned out, was the antidote to capitalism that gave the book its true grandeur.

Nosov wrapped such a powerful satire in a fantastic wrapper, which puts him on a par with Gogol and Saltykov-Shchedrin. What seemed to be a denunciation of the vices of the West, turned out to be a penetrating look in the domestic 90s and still looks like a relevant warning - there are still too many examples of lunar capitalism around.

Perhaps that is why Dunno on the Moon is still a book that is almost more popular among adults than among children.

Chapter seven. TRAVEL PREPARATION

The next morning, Znayka woke up his friends early. Everyone woke up and got ready to go. Vintik and Shpuntik put on their leather jackets. Hunter Pulka put on his favorite leather boots. The tops of these boots were above the knees and fastened on top with buckles. These boots were very comfortable for traveling. Toropyzhka put on his zipper suit. This costume should be told in detail. Hurry, who was always in a hurry and did not like to waste time, invented a special suit for himself, in which there was not a single button. It is known that when dressing and undressing, most of the time is spent on fastening and unbuttoning buttons. In Toropyzhka's costume there were no separate shirts and trousers: they were connected into one whole in the manner of overalls. This jumpsuit fastened on top with one button, which was on the back of the head. It was worth unfastening this button, and the whole suit in some incomprehensible way fell off the shoulders and fell at lightning speed to the feet.
Plump Donut put on his best suit. In suits, Donut valued mostly pockets. The more pockets there were, the better the suit was considered. His best suit consisted of seventeen pockets. The jacket consisted of ten pockets: two pockets on the chest, two slant pockets on the stomach, two pockets on the sides, three pockets inside and one secret pocket on the back. The trousers had two pockets on the front, two pockets on the back, two pockets on the sides and one pocket at the bottom, on the knee. AT ordinary life such seventeen-pocket suits with a pocket on the knee can only be found in cameramen.
Syrupchik dressed up in a checkered suit. He always wore plaid suits. And his trousers were plaid, and his jacket was plaid, and his cap was plaid. When they saw him from afar, the short men always said: "Look, look, there is a chessboard." Avoska dressed up in a ski suit, which he considered very comfortable for traveling. He put on a striped jersey, striped leggings, and wrapped a striped scarf around his neck. In this suit, he was all striped, and from a distance it seemed that it was not Sky at all, but an ordinary striped mattress. In general, everyone was dressed in whatever they could, only Confusion, who had a habit of throwing his things anywhere, could not find his jacket. He also stuck his cap somewhere and, no matter how hard he looked, he could not find it anywhere. In the end, he found his winter hat with ears under the bed.
The artist Tubik decided to paint everything he sees during his travels. He took his paints and brush and put them in the basket of the balloon ahead of time. Guslya decided to take a flute with him. Dr. Pilyulkin took the first-aid kit and also put it in the basket, under the bench. This was very prudent, since during the trip someone could get sick.
It was not yet six o'clock in the morning, and almost the entire city had already gathered around. Many short men who wanted to see the flight sat on the fences, on the balconies, on the roofs of the houses.
Toropyzhka was the first to get into the basket and chose the most convenient place for himself. Dunno followed him.
“Look,” the spectators gathered around shouted, “they are already starting to sit down!”
- Why did you get into the basket? Znaika said. - Get out, it's still early.
- Why early? You can already fly, Dunno answered.
- You understand a lot! The balloon must first be filled with warm air.
Why hot air? - asked Toropyzhka.
Because warm air is lighter than cold air and always rises. When we fill the balloon with warm air, the warm air will rise up and drag the balloon up,” Znayka explained.
- Oh, so we still need warm air! Dunno stretched out, and together with Toropyzhka they got out of the basket.
“Look,” someone shouted on the roof of a neighboring house, “they are crawling back out!” We thought about flying.
- Of course, they changed their minds, - they answered from the other roof. - Is it possible to fly on such a ball! They just fool the public.
At this time, Znayka ordered the short men to fill several bags with sand and put them in a basket. Immediately Toropyzhka, Silent, Avoska and other kids began to pour sand into bags and put them in a basket.
- What are they doing? - the audience asked each other in bewilderment. - For some reason they put sandbags in the basket.
- Hey, why do you need sandbags? shouted Topik, who was sitting astride the fence.
“But we’ll get up and we’ll throw it on your heads from above,” Dunno answered.
Of course, Dunno himself did not know what the bags were for. He just made it up that way.
- You get up first! Topic shouted.
Little Mikrosha, who was sitting on the fence next to Topik, said:
- They must be afraid to fly and want the sandbags to fly instead.
Laughed all around.
- Of course they are afraid! What are they afraid of? The ball still won't fly.
“Maybe he will still fly,” said one of the little ones, who also looked through the cracks in the fence.
While they were arguing around, Znayka ordered a fire to be built in the middle of the yard, and everyone saw how Vintik and Shpuntik took out a large copper cauldron from their workshop and put it on the fire. Vintik and Shpuntik made this boiler for a long time to heat the air. The boiler was with a tightly closed lid, in which there was a hole. A pump was attached to the side for pumping air into the boiler. This air was heated in the boiler and already hot came out through the top hole in the lid.
Of course, none of the spectators could guess what the boiler was for, but everyone expressed their own assumptions.
- Probably, they decided to cook soup for themselves to have breakfast before the trip, - said the little girl, named Chamomile.
- And what do you think, - answered Mikrosha, - and you would probably have a snack if you went on such a long journey!
“Of course,” Chamomile agreed. - Maybe it's in last time...
- What - the last time?
- Well, they will eat for the last time, and then they will fly, the balloon will burst - and they will break.
"Don't be afraid, it won't burst," Topik told her. - In order to burst, you have to fly, but, you see, he has been sticking out here for a whole week and does not fly anywhere.
- And now it will fly! - answered Button, who, together with Mushka, also came to look at the flight.
Soon all the spectators began to argue heatedly. If someone said that the ball would fly, then the other immediately answered that it would not fly, and if someone said that it would not fly, they immediately answered that it would fly. The noise rose so that nothing could be heard. On the same roof, two kids fought among themselves - they argued so hotly. They were forcibly spilled with water.
By this time, the air had already warmed up enough in the boiler, and Znayka decided that it was time to start filling the balloon with hot air. But in order to fill the balloon with hot air, cold air had to be released from it first. Znayka went up to the ball and untied the rope, which tightly tightened the rubber tube below. Cold air with a loud hiss began to escape from the ball. The shorties, who were arguing about whether the balloon would fly or not, turned around and saw that the balloon began to decrease rapidly. He went limp, shriveled up like a dried pear, and disappeared into the bottom of the basket. In the place where there used to be a huge ball, now there was only a basket covered with a net on top.
The hissing ceased, and immediately there was a friendly outburst of laughter. Everyone laughed: those who said that the balloon would fly, and those who said that it would not fly, and Dunno's friend Gunka laughed so much that he even fell off the roof and stuffed a bump on the back of his head. Doctor Pilyulkin had to treat him right away and smear the bump with iodine.
- That's how they flew! shouted around. - That's so Znaikin ball! For a whole week they fiddled with him, and he took it and burst. Fun! I have never laughed so much in my life!
But Znayka did not pay attention to the ridicule this time either. He connected the cauldron to the ball with a long tube and ordered to pump the pump, which was attached to the cauldron. Fresh air began to enter the boiler, and the heated air passed through the tube directly into the ball. Gradually, the ball under the net became bigger and bigger and had already begun to crawl out of the basket.

- Look, - the audience was delighted, - they are cheating again! Here are the freaks! And he will burst again.
Nobody believed that the balloon would fly. And in the meantime, he became even bigger, got out of the basket and lay in it, like a huge watermelon on a saucer. Then suddenly everyone saw that the ball slowly rose up by itself and pulled on the net, which was tied to the basket. Everyone so gasped. Everyone saw that now no one was pulling the ball up on the rope.
- Hooray! Romashka shouted and even clapped her hands.
- Don't yell! Topic yelled at her.
- Yes, it flew!
- Haven't flown yet. You see, he is tied to the basket. Will he be able to lift the basket, and even with the shorties!
Then Topic saw that the ball, having become larger, rose higher and the basket separated from the ground. Topic could not resist and shouted with all his might:
- Hold on! After all, it will fly away! What are you doing?
But the ball did not fly away, as the basket was firmly tied to a walnut bush. She just rose a little off the ground.
- Hurrah! resounded from all sides. - Hooray! Well done, Znaika! That's so Znaikin ball! What did they trick him with? Probably a ferry.
Now everyone believed that the balloon would fly.

The creation of a joint-stock company, voice trading, the stock exchange, public investors - all this and much more is in Nikolai Nosov's novel Dunno on the Moon. The writer in a playful way touches on many complex features of the relationship between participants in the world of finance.

- Correctly! Julio rejoiced. - We will establish a joint-stock company. Let's issue shares... Do you know what shares are? he asked Dunno.

“No, I haven’t heard anything about them,” Dunno admitted.

– Shares are like papers. like banknotes. They can be printed in a printing house. We will sell each share, say, at a furthing. We will spend the proceeds on the construction of an aircraft, and when the seeds are delivered, each shareholder will receive his share of the seeds. Of course, whoever has more shares will get more seeds.

“Now the most important thing is to get the poor to fork out and buy our shares,” Miga said.

- How do you make them? They won't believe that there are seeds somewhere on the moon. We need proof,” Julio said.

“I’ve already thought of everything,” Miga replied. “We'll start by making a fuss about this case. First of all, it is necessary to print in the newspapers that a short man from another planet has arrived to us. And when everyone believes, we will print that this space shorty brought the seeds, and immediately announce the establishment of a joint-stock company.

One of the drawings even showed the harvesting of fruit, and each apricot, peach, plum or fig could hardly fit on a truck. Having struck the imagination of readers with such stories and drawings, Miga and Julio published a message that the interplanetary ship remaining on the lunar surface was loaded with seeds of giant plants that could be profitably used if it were possible to get them from there. A notice was immediately printed on the establishment of a joint-stock company for the construction of an aircraft that could reach the outer shell of the Moon and deliver the seeds of giant plants to Malaya Zemlya. At the end was printed the address of the office where shares could be purchased: "Fertinga Street, Building No. 3, Office No. 373."

As soon as all the shares were received from the printing house and hidden in chests, Miga and Julio arranged first meeting of the joint-stock company. At this meeting, Miga made a proposal to sell two million shares, and to divide the remaining three million among themselves. Thus, each of them will have a whole million shares. When the giant plant seeds are delivered, they will be divided into five equal parts. Two parts will have to be given to the short men who bought the shares, the remaining three parts Dunno, Miga and Julio will be divided among themselves.

Why do we need seeds? – asked Dunno.

"We'll sell it," said Miga. “We, too, have to make some money off this business. You don't mind the money either.

The controversy flared up more and more. Julio pounded on the table with his fist, shouted that he was the chairman and his opinion should be taken into account, and Miga shouted that he was the treasurer and did not intend to throw away money to pay for an unnecessary position, and if they did not agree with him, then he would leave the joint-stock company and take his shares. Dunno tried to calm them down, but nothing came of it. The joint-stock company was threatened with collapse. It is not known how everything would have ended if Kozlik himself had not intervened in the matter.

“Brothers,” he said, “don’t quarrel over me! Let's do this: I will fulfill both positions - both the messenger and the doorman.

The dispute thus ended. Everyone quickly came to an agreement, and at this the first meeting of the joint-stock company was completed.

In the whole city, only three short men knew nothing about what had happened. They were Dunno, Miga and Kozlik. From the very morning they sat in their office waiting for buyers of shares, and since the buyers for some reason did not appear, they had no one to learn from anyone about what had happened. Soon, however, Julio ran into the office and told about this amazing story.

“There is nothing to be done with the robbers now,” he said. - Just look, they will rob our office!

“But I’m afraid of the wrong thing,” said Miga. - I'm afraid that now everyone will talk about this bank robbery, and they will completely forget about our joint-stock company. Nobody will think buy shares.

Seeing that no one came to their office to buy shares, Miga was terribly upset and said that if it went on like this, then their joint-stock company would burst, and they would all remain beggars.

“Well, it may well happen,” Julio confirmed. - Recently in the newspaper they wrote that we have almost every day some joint-stock company bursts.

- How do they break? – Dunno asked.

- Well, it happens that some short businessmen decide to organize a profitable enterprise, issue shares in order to raise capital, spend money, and no one will buy shares from them. In such cases, they say that their society has burst or gone down the drain. In fact, no one, of course, does not burst. It's just a figurative expression, which means that the society died, ceased to exist - it burst like a soap bubble, - Julio explained.

“Otherwise, it happens that some gang of swindlers will gather,” said Kozlik. “They will issue shares, sell them, and run away with the money themselves. That's when they also say that society has burst.

– There is no money, so let them get it! Miga snorted contemptuously. “Of course, the poor don’t have money, that is, they don’t have a lot of money, I want to say. If they have, then some miserable pennies. But there are a lot of poor people! If every poor man scrapes together at least a small amount and brings us, then we will have a decent capitalist and we will be able to profit well ... that is ... Ugh! We will be able not to run up, but to get the seeds of giant plants. You can't skimp on something like this! After all, who benefits from it? This benefits the poor themselves. If every poor man grows in his garden a cucumber the size of at least a Goat or a watermelon the size of a two-story house, who benefits from this? To me? You? Kozlik?.. This is beneficial, first of all, to the poor. From one such watermelon, he will be able to extract so much sweet sugar liquid that it will be enough for a whole sugar factory. This is wealth! With us, every poor man will become a rich man! And then the grace will begin!

“Tell me,” Miga asked him in parting, “how did you find out about the existence of our society?” What prompted you to buy the stock?

– What prompted you? - answered, thinking, Sedenky. - Pushed, one might say, the case. This piece of newspaper, which you see in my hands, came to me purely by accident. In our village only poor people live. Nobody subscribes to newspapers, nobody buys books. Nobody has money for this. However, we sometimes manage to read a newspaper. This happens when someone in a store has their purchase wrapped in a piece of old newspaper. Each of us collects such scraps of newspapers; he reads and gives others to read.

Dunno gave the shorties the shares they had acquired. Customers' hands trembled with excitement, and the one who was without soles got so excited that he even cried.

“You know, brother,” he said to Kozlik, “I came to the city to buy shoes for myself, honestly Yes, I found out here about all these giant beans, cucumbers and cabbage. So I decided instead of shoes to buy, you know, a share.

“And he did the right thing,” Kozlik approved. - Any donkey can buy shoes, but what kind of donkey will buy a share!

City dwellers realized that over time share price may go up. Everyone remembered the amazing case when the shares of an oil company, bought at one furthing each, were subsequently sold first at two, then at three, then at five furthings, and on the day when it became known that from under the ground where they were exploration work, the oil gusher finally came out, the price of shares jumped to ten furthings apiece. Everyone who sold their shares that day received ten times more money than they spent at the beginning.

Having heard such stories, everyone who managed to save a hundred or two ferthings for a rainy day hurried to buy gigantic shares in order to sell them as soon as they rise in price. As a result, two million shares, stored in two fireproof chests, were quickly sold out.

It must be said that the market where stocks are traded is very different from the usual market where apples, tomatoes, potatoes or cabbage are traded. The fact is that it is enough for the seller of fruits or vegetables to lay out their goods on the counter so that everyone can see what he is selling. The seller of shares carries his merchandise in his pocket, and all he can do is shout out the name of his shares and the price at which he wishes to sell them. The buyer also has only to shout out the name of the shares that he wants to buy.

Ever since stock markets appeared, some lunatics have taken to buying shares, not only to have a share in the profits of some enterprise, but also in order to sell them at a higher price. Merchants appeared who bought and sold shares in huge quantities and made big profits on this. Such merchants no longer went to the market themselves, but hired special screamers or so-called horloders for this. Many gorloderiki worked not for one, but for several masters at once. For one owner, such a gorloderik bought some shares, for another - others, for a third he did not buy, but, on the contrary, he sold.

The owners of giant shares were in despair. Everyone saw that they had wasted their money and now they will not be able to return it. However, three rich men Zhmurik, Meatball and Khanakonda, who bought for profit large quantities giant shares, quickly figured out what to do. They paid a considerable sum of money to Mr. Gadkins, the owner of several Davilonian newspapers, who promised to publish in his newspapers a number of articles that should have quickly corrected the matter.