When people realize the causes of diseases, doctors will not be needed. Unconscious state Realize that there are those who

In this article, we will talk about what awareness is. It is important not only to understand what awareness is, but also to live consciously.

Mindfulness is the key to all doors

Starting with the great teachers of the past such as Jesus, Kabir, Nanak, Buddha, Muhammad, and ending with modern teachers, such as Karl Renz, Ethart Tolle, the Dalai Lama, Osho - we can say that all these teachers taught only one thing - awareness.

Each teacher called mindfulness in his own way. Jesus called it awakening, so he said more than once: watch, be watchful, but people did not understand him, they thought to be awake meant not to sleep in bed, but they did not understand that even if they were not in bed, it was not means they are awake. You can sleep on the go.

Ethart Tolle called awareness the presence, or the power of the now.
Osho called mindfulness witnessing. Whatever you call it, the essence remains the same.

Mindfulness is the ability of a person to be here and now, to feel the world more, and not to think it, the ability not to be led by the illusions of the mind. To understand that thoughts are just thoughts and thoughts in the head have nothing to do with the real reality.

Awareness is the understanding that thoughts are illusory and they only carry a shadow of the past or future, and the real reality is where the human body is, that is, the real reality surrounds the body here and now.

Mindfulness helps you see your inner world

Thanks to awareness, a person begins to get acquainted with his inner world, before that, only external world, now the inner dimension opens up.

A person who becomes less and less reactive. It is harder to control him, he no longer reacts to the same stimuli in the same way, he has the opportunity to freely choose how to respond to a particular stimulus. Such a person becomes more and more spontaneous and unpredictable.

For example, if an unconscious person is shouted at, then, depending on the habit, he can either shout back, or, fearing screams, avoid conflicts. Not conscious person always reacts, for example, to shouts in the same way, and a conscious person can choose whether to shout to him, that is, to go into conflict, or to avoid conflict, and this depends on the situation. A conscious person increases the efficiency of communication with people and resistance to stress.

It is important to understand that there are three main aspects of the inner world to be aware of:

• body;
• soul.

body awareness

Most First stage awareness begins with the body. At this stage, a person learns to feel his body, to be able to direct his consciousness into the body, to feel how energy flows in the body. Listening skill emerges internal organs, heartbeat, etc.

A person begins to take better care of and love himself, that is, his body. At first, it is difficult for a person to meditate on the body, thoughts often carry away, a person constantly jumps from awareness to unconsciousness, often falls asleep during meditation.

Appears over time new level When a person realizes that he does not fall asleep, thoughts still come to mind, but do not carry him away, and consciousness remains in the body more and more often. Then a person begins to direct consciousness into the body already on the street, wherever he is, when communicating with people.
The most difficult thing, perhaps, is to be aware of your body, move and talk at the same time.

Awareness of thoughts

Awareness of thoughts or observation of them is, perhaps, the second level of awareness - this is when a person already sees his thoughts and understands that thoughts are thoughts and have nothing to do with reality.

A person can even laugh at the thoughts that come to his head, because he has an understanding that he is not thoughts and that thoughts often come from outside, and are not always born in his head.

Life is not as serious as the mind makes it out to be!!!

A person who is aware of his thoughts lives by this principle. Such a person does not get lost in his thoughts, does not follow them, this person is already the master of his mind and does not allow thoughts to lead him into illusions, but consciously directs his attention to the now moment that surrounds his body.

Soul awareness

Soul awareness is the third level and can only be mastered after the first two stages of awareness have been passed.

In fact, all three stages of understanding the three aspects of a person - body, mind, and soul - are very interconnected and complement each other, and they were separated for a better understanding and assimilation of the material.

Awareness of the soul occurs due to the awareness of emotions and feelings, moods, at this stage a person can clearly distinguish emotions from feelings and be aware of his mood and control it.
Emotions follow thoughts, whether they are positive or negative thoughts.
And feelings come from the soul, not from thoughts. Thoughts can come to mind after feelings, that is, emotions are a consequence of thoughts, and feelings are always their source.

Feelings are a deeper level, most often coming from the chest. And emotions are felt in the abdomen, but you should not take this for truth, all this is individual.
It is important to understand that this article on mindfulness is not mindfulness – it is just a guide to it, but if you are reading this, then you are closer to awareness or awakening than ever before.
Awareness is directed towards awareness or perception

This is the fourth stage, which already happens to a person by itself, after he has already passed the three previous stages. At this stage, awareness is directed to perception, the person is already asking himself who perceives all this, who I am, at this stage the person remembers Who He Really Is.

Conclusions on the topic of what is awareness:

• awareness helps a person finally discover the inner dimension in addition to the outer world;
• awareness gives a person freedom of choice, the ability to react in the way a person chooses, to one or another stimulus;
• awareness occurs in three stages: awareness of the body, mind and soul, all these stages are interconnected and complement each other;
• awareness at different times was called by different people in different ways: awakening, witnessing, presence, being here and now, wakefulness, vigilance, and so on; all these words have the same essence - a person rises to a new stage of evolutionary spiritual growth.

The consequence of a conscious lifestyle is unconditional love, joy, a more fulfilling and vibrant life.

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mindfulness is the state (and lifestyle) that many are now looking for. They seek in meditation or in inner work, in practices and ashrams...

And sometimes someone says: "Now I am aware".

Test yourself for awareness

(suddenly you decide that you have already reached the heights of the “here and now”)

1. The first sign of a conscious person is in his body.

The body of a conscious person is relaxed, and at the same time straightened. Fingers do not pull anything, legs do not twitch with small trembling, hands do not straighten clothes or hair every 2 minutes.

A conscious person knows how to be present in the body. If such a person is sitting, then he is sitting. Without unnecessary fuss in the body. He knows how to feel the body and control his body.

This is the first and a basic level of person. If he is not able to “agree” with the body, then in the more subtle worlds he has nothing to do at all!

1. A conscious person is able to cope with negative emotions.

He does not suppress them and does not show them. He transforms them - he completely controls his state and his reactions. He is the master of his emotions and his states.

Thus, a conscious person does not waste energy, and does not spoil “karma” either to himself or to others.

1. A conscious person is aware of his verbal center.

A conscious person does not say more than is really necessary. A word either conveys valuable information, or these are words that can raise the energy level of another: kind, beautiful, true :).

Ordinary people talk often in order not to feel lonely; raise your profile; underestimate the importance of others, and most often lie. In this case, a lie is everything that is said about others. After all, we see others as a rule only from one side and cannot be objective, which means we lie.

Any information at the level of speculation, rumors, something that is not really there, is of no value to a conscious person.

1. conscious person respects yourself and those around you.

He does not argue with anyone and does not condemn anyone, does not make claims. He understands that this is a waste of energy, effort and time.

After all, if as a result of increased inner work energy returns, then as a result of disputes and showdowns it is lost forever.

A conscious person understands and accepts the limitations of each person. He knows that if he was done “badly”, then he somehow deserved it or provoked it.

1. The conscious person is in the moment.

He knows how to manage himself and his energy, physical, intellectual centers.

When he has an exam, he can concentrate and answer questions clearly. When he is with his beloved, he is able to surrender to feelings.

For an ordinary person, the opposite is true: in a difficult situation on the road, he suddenly confuses “right” and “left” and presses on the gas instead of the brake, because the emotional center turned on at the wrong time.

In the arms of his beloved, he thinks about the situation at work ...

1. The conscious person follows human nature (spiritual) and not animal.

Realized to his human nature, he understands that in this life he is not at all for domination and suppression. And for the sake of creation and development.

A conscious person does not refuse to live in the material world, he lives, develops, achieves, but not for the sake of achievement, but for the sake of lofty goals.

He has no problems with money (that is, he has money). Because money is an opportunity to embody and realize the intended goals.

1. The conscious person knows where is he going and why.

He knows his mission and realizes it consciously. He is aware of his role in this life, his contribution to it.

A conscious person takes responsibility for all his states, words, deeds, actions and choices.

Be aware!

PS How do you develop your awareness? Share in the comments below 🙂

Awareness as a quality of a person is the ability during wakefulness to be vigilantly present here and now, to perceive, feel and be aware of events, objects and sensory attitudes.

In the life of the Buddha, when he was still a simple seeker, a remarkable incident occurred. Together with a fellow traveler, he passed through some village. Both were having a lively conversation when a fly landed on the Buddha's neck. The Buddha raised his hand and waved away the fly. The fly flew away, but the Buddha suddenly stopped. “I made a grave mistake,” he said. Then he repeated the gesture to drive away the fly. The friend exclaimed: - What are you doing? The fly has already flown. The Buddha replied, “Now I am repelling the fly as I should. Now I am fully aware of what I am doing. Now, as I raised my hand, I was fully aware that the hand was being lifted and moved towards the neck to ward off the fly. Then I got too carried away with the conversation; my movement was automatic. I have committed a sin against the body.

The Buddha was once asked, "What makes a person holy?" He replied: “Each hour is divided into a certain number of seconds, and each second is divided into a certain number of parts. One who is able to fully abide in every fraction of a second is a saint.” When the Buddha became enlightened, he exclaimed, “This is unbelievable! So I was enlightened from the very beginning, and all these chains and shackles were just a dream! Subsequently, when people asked him: "What should we do to get rid of vices?", the Buddha invariably answered: "Be conscious, bring awareness into your life." Listening to him, Ananda, one of his disciples, asked: - People come to you with different problems, but you have one recipe for all "illnesses". For example, one person asks: “How to get rid of anger?”, You answer him: “Be aware!” Another asks: “How to get rid of greed?”, You answer him: “Be aware!” The third asks: “How to get rid of gluttony?” You also advise him: “Be mindful.” How to understand it? The Buddha replied: “Their ailments are different from each other, as the dreams that you dream are different. different people. But if they all come to me and ask, I will tell them, “Become aware! Awake!

Do you realize that the universe only takes into account your conscious desires, intentions and goals? Mindfulness - necessary condition for their implementation. Is it possible to take seriously the desires of a person who is sleeping? Man, as a set of habits, sometimes thinks and acts mechanically, is a kind of universal robot. Although, if you interview most people, they will be convinced that they live consciously. They will even be outraged that they are suspected of being unconscious, like any tree or stone. Many understand unawareness as an abnormality of behavior, their ideas about awareness will more than fit on business card. In aviation, the concept of spatial disorientation is common, when in an airplane you lose your sense of connection with the ground and have absolutely no idea where you are. Many people spend their entire lives in a state of spatial disorientation and moral uncertainty.

In order to understand the essence of the state of awareness with the mind, let's turn on our imagination. "Good" fairy with one wave of her magic wand deprived us of the memory of the past. We have remained the same: with our own character, feelings and emotions, but all we have left is the current moment. The fairy also made sure that our thoughts did not run into the future. Now our brain is not able to think ahead and overtake the present. For us, there is only the awareness of the I AM here and now beyond the past and the future.

At first glance, it may seem that all the charm of life has been amputated from us, dreams have been taken away, sweet walks through the back streets of the past have been deprived. Let's see, maybe it's just an appearance? Any seemingly sad and desperate situation, which cannot be changed, must be taken for granted, and then substitute the word “but” for it and list what we have won or gained from the intricate games of the good fairy.

Mindfulness and negative emotions

A fat plus of awareness is elimination of all negative emotions. Like a flamethrower, awareness burns resentment, anger, hatred, hostility out of us. In a word, the branchy tree of our negative emotions, on which there are over fifty branches, burns to the ground. It is even hard to believe in such happiness: anxieties, depressions, stresses and fears disappear from our lives. In an unconscious state, we become slaves of emotions. They control us at will, depriving us of conscious choice. We have all had to deal with the situation where a person says that I am fine, that he is calm, while body language and gestures give unambiguous signals that he has "lost his temper." On the contrary, in a conscious state, we cannot be a provider of negative emotions. To be offended, to hate, to be angry with someone, past experience is needed, and we are deprived of this. And it is as senseless to be offended by us as by the sun and the wind. In a conscious state, we are the personification of sincerity, independence and goodwill. What is the point of being offended by a truly sincere person? They are offended and show dissatisfaction when the other positions himself as an open and sincere person, and his behavior shows the opposite. When we see and understand with our souls that we have a truly sincere person in front of us, it is impossible to be offended by him.

Mindfulness and chatter of the mind.

On an average day, about sixty thousand thoughts flash through our mind, ninety-five percent of which are no different from yesterday. This is just a mockery of the mind. At the same time, negative thoughts predominate. Under the influence of bad mental habits, people fixate on the problems of the past, digesting their financial failures, personal troubles hundreds of times. Many burden themselves with bleak memories of childhood, when they were teased and humiliated by classmates, bullied by teachers and parents. Others recall with anxiety and irritation the conversation with the boss and the conflict in the store. The abundance of such thoughts, filled with anxiety, destroys us. We do not want to understand that mind control is the quintessence of life control. In an unconscious state of mind, when thoughts fly like a free bird, we do not have time to enjoy the world around us. The trouble is that we often take our mind chatter at face value, identify with it and turn a momentary thought into reality and then play it in virtual practice. In fact, most of our thoughts behave as unpredictably as gases. There is no need to take them seriously, identify with them, or expend your energy on them. If we bring awareness to the mind by watching our thoughts from moment to moment, its chatter will slow down or stop altogether. Through mindfulness, we gain a deep sense of peace. Thinking works with a different intensity. It easily distinguishes the true from the false, clouded by negative emotions or based on pure conjecture. We will not jump from one thought to another and will learn to think deeply and consistently.

Consciousness and people.

In relationships with other people, we have a clear deficit of awareness. Our positive feelings and emotions released to others can be compared in their fullness with blockade rations. The harsh reality of megacities prevents us from seeing in another person a separate unique world filled with thoughts and feelings. In addition to our loved ones, we often look at other people mechanically, in terms of what they can do and not do. We are preoccupied with our problems, our importance, and we do not care about others. They are not of interest to us. Mindfulness as a vigilant, observant presence here and now, allows us to change our relationships with people for the better. We can consciously see their faces, their eyes, their body language. By paying conscious attention to people, we will see them as whole human beings. When people see sincere attention to themselves, it caresses their own significance. Your attention will be rewarded according to merit: you will be considered a charming person, your interaction with other people will become qualitatively different.

You can endlessly list and describe the advantages of awareness. It does not take long to convince of its extraordinary usefulness. By the way, about beliefs. Our beliefs entirely determine our vision of the world. Realizing our erroneous beliefs that prevent us from really perceiving our external and inner world Yes, we can consciously replace them with new beliefs. This quality of awareness allows us to personal growth, purposefully move towards the realization of their goals.

In general, what a great pleasure it is to communicate with a person who, while talking to us, does not hover somewhere in the clouds, but is in the present. To bring it back to reality, you don’t have to ask: “Where are you now?” We know that a conscious person perceives everything we say, understands where we are and what is happening around. It's nice to talk to such a person.

Thus, Mindfulness is an alert presence in the here and now. The vigilance of awareness is that our attention does not slip into the past or the future, does not cling to it and does not get stuck in it. Mindfulness is when we can honestly say, “I am all attention and hearing,” freeing ourselves from a restless ego. Our ego does not like to live "here and now", it always needs to wander somewhere - either in the past or in the future.

Someone asked Bokuju, "What are you doing?" What is your religious practice? He replied: I live ordinary life is my practice. When I feel hungry, I eat. When I feel like I want to sleep, I sleep. The questioner was puzzled. He said, “But I don't see anything special about it. Bokuju said, “That is the whole point. There is nothing special. All those who want something special are selfish. The questioner was still puzzled. He said, “But everyone does it. When hungry, they eat; when they want to sleep, they sleep. Bokuju laughed and said, “No. When you eat, you do a thousand and one things: you think, you dream, you imagine, you remember. You don't just eat. When I eat, I just eat: then there is only food and nothing else. When you sleep, you dream. When I sleep, I just sleep, nothing else exists. When there is a dream, there is only a dream. Not even Bokuju. When I walk, there is only walking, there is no Bokuju, just walking.

Mindfulness is achieved, first of all, by observation. Watch your thoughts, putting them under vigilant control. A friend of mine always carried a toothpick with him. As soon as a bad, negative thought came into his head, he lightly pricked his palm with a toothpick. He says that after a couple of months he no longer needed a toothpick.

Watch your every action and deed. Whatever you do, be aware that you are doing it. I eat - I am aware of myself. I go - I am aware of myself. I listen - I am aware of myself. Observe body language: gestures and facial expressions. As you chew your food, experience the pleasure of eating. Do not swallow food like a crocodile. In a word, learn to observe the body, desires and emotions, and, finally, thoughts.

Measure your life in moments and live it moment by moment. Try to always be present in everything that happens to you. How sad it will be when a miracle comes to you, and you, as always, will be everywhere and everywhere, and not here and now. Don't let the past and future take your power away from the present. Focus your attention on the charm of every moment.

Petr Kovalev

A sudden loss of consciousness or the so-called fainting is mainly caused by a short-term decrease in cerebral circulation. This state can be compared to deep sleep, when a person is not aware of anything and does not react to stimuli. Nearly a third of the population has fainting spells at some point in their lives. Only sometimes loss of consciousness is a manifestation of a serious illness. Unconsciousness can be characterized by several degrees of severity - from short-term fainting to prolonged coma.

Main reasons

Loss of consciousness can be caused by many factors. But the main cause of short-term fainting is lack of blood supply to the brain. As a rule, it can occur due to the following factors:

Types of loss of consciousness

To date, it is customary to distinguish four types of loss of consciousness, namely:

• Sudden and brief loss of consciousness. Mostly lasts a few seconds.
• Sudden but prolonged loss of consciousness. It can last from several minutes to several days.
• Prolonged loss of consciousness with a gradual onset. Lasts for about a few days.
• Loss of consciousness with unknown onset and duration. May last several years.

Consider all four options in more detail:

1. This can include simple syncope, it is also called “postural syncope”. The main cause of loss of consciousness in this case is a violation of cerebral blood supply. hallmarks This type of fainting are as follows: a person lost consciousness in an upright position and came to his senses after a few seconds.

The first type of loss of consciousness also includes fainting of a cardinal genesis, when blood circulation is disturbed due to heart disease, blockade and arrhythmia occur. In addition, the following factors can be the causes of sudden and short-term loss of consciousness: loss of consciousness during urination due to strong straining, occurs mainly in the elderly, fainting due to a prolonged coughing fit, orthostatic fainting, observed when standing up abruptly, "small" attack epilepsy.

1. The second type of sudden and prolonged loss of consciousness may be a manifestation the following diseases, namely:

• big" epilepsy;
• hypoglycemia - a decrease in the concentration of glucose in the blood;
• hysteria;
• disorders of the blood supply to the brain.

1. The third option includes coma, which are characterized by slow development:

• Stunning is the most common form of impaired consciousness. It usually occurs with cranial injuries, poisoning, and also happens when the patient comes out of a coma. It is characterized by weakness, lethargy, decreased mental activity, fuzzy orientation in time and place.
• Doubtfulness. This condition usually occurs when poisoning with psychotropic substances, hypoxia and neuroinfection. The patient sleeps a lot, but wakes up with external stimuli, can answer questions and adequately follow the doctor's instructions. But as soon as external stimuli stop, the person immediately falls asleep.
• Delirious syndrome. The patient loses orientation in time and place, sees visual and vocal hallucinations, while there is a pronounced motor and speech excitation. This syndrome can appear when poisoning with certain drugs, with renal or hepatic insufficiency, with endogenous intoxication syndrome, and also occurs in patients who are in a shallow coma.
• Sopor. In this state, a person is not aware of anything. He retained only reactions to strong sound and light stimuli, as well as to pain. Usually spontaneous urination occurs. Pharyngeal, corneal and pupillary reflexes are usually preserved.

1. The last type of loss of consciousness is coma - this is the absence of mental activity, the patient has depression of consciousness, as well as impaired motor, somatovegetative and sensory functions of the body. In this state, the patient has no signs of conscious reactions to internal or external stimuli.

Coma is usually divided into four stages:

• superficial coma. A person retains reactions to strong stimuli. The pupils react to light, although weakly. Muscle tone is reduced, but corneal reflexes and swallowing are preserved. There is no facial expression on the face, but sometimes there is a grimace of suffering. Urination is spontaneous.
• pronounced coma. In this condition, the patient's pharyngeal reflexes are suppressed, smooth muscles are relaxed, but a reaction to strong pain stimuli is possible.
• deep coma. There are no body reactions to any irritants. The patient is unconscious, there is muscle atony. The mechanics of breathing is disturbed, reflexes are absent.
• Outrageous coma. This condition is the most difficult, the patient's life is supported with the help of medications and artificial ventilation of the lungs.

Symptoms

Consider the symptoms of the most common fainting, that is, when a person loses consciousness suddenly and for a few seconds. Before losing consciousness, a person becomes ill, he has an attack of dizziness, nausea appears, a veil in front of his eyes, noise in his ears, sudden weakness is felt. Some people begin to yawn, their legs give way, the person begins to realize that he is about to faint.

With loss of consciousness, the skin turns pale and acquire a gray tint, blood pressure drops. Muscle tone is weakened, pupils react slowly to light. The pulse is usually weak, may not be felt at all.

This type of fainting usually lasts for a few seconds, but if the loss of consciousness lasts more than 5 minutes, the person may experience convulsions or involuntary urination. As soon as he comes to his senses, he retains a general weakness. If he tries to stand up abruptly, another seizure may occur.

First aid

If a person has lost consciousness, then he needs to be given the correct first aid, it is as follows:

• First of all, it is necessary to eliminate the factors that caused the loss of consciousness. For example, you should take a person out of a stuffy room, or pull him out of the water, or take him to a cool place if the fainting was caused by overheating.
• If you are sure that a person does not have a head injury, then he should be provided with a horizontal position. In this case, the head should be lower than the body, and the legs should be higher. Thus, the blood supply to the brain improves.
• To exclude the possibility of tongue retraction or so that a person does not choke on vomiting, it is better to turn it on its side. But if this is not possible, then a person should be seated, and his head should be lowered between his knees.
• Then you need to try to cause irritation of the receptors of the skin. For example, you can splash your face with water or wipe it with a cold wet towel, in addition, you can pat it on the cheeks and let it inhale ammonia or vinegar.
• A person who has fainted must be provided with air access. You need to open the window, unfasten the collar, belt or corset. If he has a low body temperature, then it is necessary to wrap him with a blanket.

After a person comes to his senses, you must follow the following recommendations:

• You can not immediately give him food and drink.
• It is forbidden to immediately take a vertical position, otherwise fainting may recur.
• If a person has not recovered within a few minutes, then you should immediately call an ambulance.
• While the team of doctors is traveling, you need to listen to your breathing and check your pulse.
• If a person has no pulse and breathing, then you need to start an indirect heart massage and artificial respiration. It is necessary to provide such assistance before the arrival of doctors.

Heart massage is done like this: you need to press with straightened arms on the lower third of the sternum with a frequency of about 120 times per minute. Artificial respiration two breaths are performed after every 30 massage movements. The head of a person should be slightly thrown back.

If a child has fainted or old man, then you need to urgently call an ambulance, especially if the loss of consciousness is accompanied by convulsions, lack of breathing, or fainting happened suddenly for no apparent reason. Even if, after a faint, a person quickly woke up, he needs to visit a doctor to rule out injuries and concussion.

What do doctors do

In the event that a person faints for several minutes, then his cause may be serious. That is why doctors monitor the patient's pulse and breathing, measure his pressure and temperature. If there are symptoms of dehydration, then an intravenous infusion of fluid is performed.

An electrocardiogram may be done to rule out a heart problem that may have caused fainting. A blood test is also taken, a study is performed, if a salt imbalance is detected, then it is eliminated with special preparations. In the event that the doctor has determined that the fainting happened due to taking certain medications, then they can be replaced with others.

Which doctor treats

At present, literature about the spiritual world is quite popular. person. Awareness- one of the most relevant and discussed topics today. Meanwhile, its exact definition does not exist. Let's try to deal with awareness processes in the article.

Definitions

According to Vladimir Khoroshin, being is the foundation of human consciousness. The author believes that wise people always look for meaning in everything. The goal of the aspiring individual is awareness. Khoroshin believes that when a person realizes the knowledge he has received, he can pass it on to others. Knowledge that comes without experience cannot be applied in practice.

According to Anthony de Mello, awareness and awareness are not the same thing. In his reasoning, the author comes to the conclusion that a person who lives consciously cannot commit a crime. In turn, an individual who is only informed about the differences between evil and good, who knows what act is called bad, may well commit it.

From the above information, we can say that awareness is:

• Vision of what is happening in the external and internal world. This refers to a simple observation of sensations, thoughts. Awareness is a nonjudgmental vision. Nothing can be said about it, you can only enter into it and observe everything.
• Direct experience, but not thinking about what is happening. It is neither a thought, nor a sensation, nor feeling. Awareness can be considered as something that unites it all.

Key feature

Awareness is a state that includes action. Thinking is not awareness. Rather, it can be called reflection, which involves judgment, evaluation, reflection, the search for answers, motives, determining why something happens this way and not otherwise. In this case, a person makes a choice.

When realizing, the situation is somewhat different. No choice is made, since the only right decision for the individual immediately appears. If there activity awareness, for example, then the questions "how to do?", "what to do?" do not arise.

If the person does not have the necessary awareness experience, explain in simple words its content is not allowed. Awareness comes like a flash. A person has the ability to deeply see what is happening to him.

mental level

Thinking, thinking or mental awareness allows you to understand something in fragments. An individual may be aware of thoughts, but not aware of actions or feelings.

In such a situation, there is a mismatch between what a person says, feels and does. He can say that he understands something, but at the same time he cannot explain what he feels, what reaction these sensations cause, what actions suggest.

For example, a person understands that during a conflict one should not raise one's voice, as this will lead to negative consequences. However, when a quarrel arises, he automatically starts shouting. This is the main one. With a complete, non-judgmental vision of what is happening, words, actions, feelings will be focused on resolving the conflict.

It is important to understand here that thinking, building logical chains and other mental actions cannot lead a person to awareness. Their result is an increase in the volume of knowledge. Development of awareness involves going beyond awareness and the mind.

Consistency of external and internal factors

It is considered another important sign of awareness. The consistency of actions, feelings, thoughts leads to the fact that the individual becomes a witness of his own actions, his

At the same time, a person is able to trace the appearance of thoughts, feelings, actions. At all levels - emotional, physical, mental - he is aware of his behavior patterns, stereotypical responses. A person, as if from the outside, watches what is happening in the inner world, can follow the ideas that are forming in the mind.

Awareness Goals

The ability to be aware of what is happening allows you to see the person in its original state, as it really is. This changes the inner world, the understanding of a person. When an individual observes, he can change what he sees.

It can be said that awareness is a kind of "turning inwards". The individual begins to see that he is talking about one thing, but something completely different is actually happening. Moreover, a person begins to realize that his stereotypes, patterns stop working, lose their effectiveness, and do not lead to the desired result.

All this leads to an overestimation values. Awareness allows you to change your life without making any additional effort. The task is the same - to learn to observe impartially.

A person does not really need any philosophical conversations, he does not need to explain whether something is right or not, he needs something or he can do without something. A variety of courses to build confidence, increase self-esteem, etc. - a waste time. Awareness promotes the development of the ability to distinguish what is right and what is not.

A person, as it were, comes into contact with reality, while remaining an outside observer. He perceives phenomena in a detached way, without mixing with them, without commenting or evaluating them, without even trying to change something. If a person can observe events in this way, he will see how the process of disintegration is going on inside him.

Psychotherapy

Within the framework of this medical direction, awareness reflects the patient's achievement of a complete understanding of his own "I", his mental life, relationships with other people. It contributes to the formation of adequate self-perception. This is achieved by combining the consciousness of material that was not previously realized by the patient.

In a broad sense, awareness in psychotherapy involves the formation of an adequate understanding of the surrounding world.

In almost all currently existing psychotherapeutic directions, awareness takes a certain position. But its specific weight and significance, the focus of the idea of ​​material that was not previously realized by the patient, the techniques and methods used to achieve an adequate idea of ​​what is happening are fully determined by the basic theory.

Fundamentals of psychoanalysis

The issues of awareness of "one's Self" were studied in some detail by Z. Freud. Psychoanalysis uses techniques and a special understanding of the functioning of the psyche. A specific approach provides the choice of therapy and the scheme of its application.

The desired effect is achieved through special technical methods:

• Free association.
• Dream analysis.
• High frequency sessions.
• Interpretations of defenses and transfers, etc.

These techniques allow the patient to be brought to the realization defense mechanisms activated by his psyche.

The purpose of psychoanalysis is also to determine the nature of traumatic experiences, personal conflicts and liberation from them.

One of the most important skills of a psychoanalyst is his ability to compare the conscious actions, thoughts, impulses, fantasies, feelings of the patient with their unconscious predecessors.

Cognitive Psychotherapy

Understanding, along with listening to the patient, responding with a subsequent return to listening, is considered one of the 4 stages of implementing the method of expressing the patient's feelings and thoughts in the course of therapy.

The patient always resists awareness in the initial stages. Successful overcoming of this resistance in the course of psychotherapy ends with the realization of psychological defense mechanisms.

The key goal of cognitive psychotherapy is to bring the patient to an adequate perception of irrational attitudes ("automatic thoughts") or the main mechanisms that provoke a mismatch between perception and its assessment.

The main idea boils down to the fact that a person becomes unhappy not from the occurring phenomena, but from the way he perceives them. When confronted with an event that provokes problems in different settings, the patient begins to come to realize how irrational attitudes can change his perception.

Feature of psychotherapeutic influence

To describe the phenomenon that provoked the consequences that forced him to turn to a specialist, special conditions would not be required if the patient did not mix the event itself, his perception and assessment.

In subsequent encounters with the phenomenon, the patient learns to change his vision of what is happening. As a result, he develops a strategy of rational, multivariate behavior. The patient expands the range of possibilities for solving the problem.

It should be noted here that the appeal to a psychotherapist is caused by a problem caused, as a rule, by several irrational attitudes. At the same time, there are certain connections between them (parallel, hierarchical, articulatory, etc.). The main task of the patient and the doctor is just to achieve awareness of these connections.

Development of tactics

At the initial stage, the question of the scheme of action is usually decided together with the patient. One of the main techniques of cognitive psychotherapy is to change the perspective of the perception of an event. This method allows you to bring the patient to the realization of the irrationality of attitudes.

The patient begins to concentrate not on the phenomenon that causes negative emotions in him, but on the process of their occurrence. In the course of therapy, the patient begins to realize the excessive breadth of the use of irrational attitudes, their excessive personalization. As a result, he develops the ability to replace them with more flexible and accurate, realistic and adaptive models.

The therapist needs to consistently structure the processes, helping the patient develop several alternative rules that he could use.

Humanistic psychotherapy

Within this direction, the meaning of awareness and its key mechanisms is revealed by concepts about personality, for example, described by Rogers. In his opinion, certain aspects of the experience acquired by an individual in the course of development acquire a character expressed in the awareness of one's being and existence. This is what Rogers calls the "I-experience."

In the process of interaction with the outside world, especially with its part that is significant for the individual, "I-experience" is gradually transformed into a "I-concept". A person develops a real idea of ​​himself.

Ideal "I"

This is another important link in the development of personality. The ideal "I" is formed mainly under the influence of values ​​and norms that are imposed on the individual by the environment. Far from always they are consistent with his personal needs and aspirations, that is, with his real, real "I".

In the course of awareness of these circumstances, a person develops a need to receive a positive assessment. Rogers believes that this need is key for all people.

In order to maintain a positive assessment from others, a person resorts to falsifying some of his ideas, perceiving them only according to the criteria of value for other people. Such an attitude hinders the development of psychological maturity. As a result, neurotic behavior begins to form.

Anxiety

It arises as a result of frustration (dissatisfaction) of the need to receive a positive assessment. will depend on the level of threat to the "I-structure".

If the defense mechanism is ineffective, then the experience will be fully symbolized in awareness. The integrity of the "I-structure", in turn, is destroyed by anxiety, resulting in a state of disorganization.

Reconstructive psychotherapy

The main methods were developed by domestic specialists Tashlykov, Isurina, Karvasarsky at the Psychoneurological Institute. Bekhterev.

Awareness within the framework of this psychotherapeutic direction is usually studied in three aspects: behavioral, emotional and intellectual.

In the latter case, the tasks of the specialist are reduced to bringing the patient to awareness:

• relationships "personality-phenomenon-disease";
• genetic plan;
• interpersonal plane of personality.

Awareness of the relationship between a person, an event, and a disease does not directly affect the effectiveness of psychotherapy. It is more conducive to the formation of sustainable motivation for the active, conscious participation of the patient in the treatment process.

In the emotional sphere, with awareness, the patient begins to understand his feelings. As a result, he can experience for himself, reveal the problems that bother him, with the corresponding experiences. In addition, work with the emotional background contributes to the self-correction of patients of their relationships and reactions. He acquires the ability to change the way of experiences, perception of interactions with others.

findings

The patient's ability to correct maladaptive responses, models of his actions, taking into account their role, significance, functions in the structure of psychopathological disorders is the main result of the process of awareness in the behavioral sphere.

When using reconstructive (personally-oriented) psychotherapy by Tashlykov, Karvasarsky, Isurina, especially in group forms, not only awareness, but also the formation of adequate self-awareness, as well as a significant expansion of its limits, is important.

In almost all currently used psychotherapeutic systems, the process of awareness is given great importance and given Special attention. With development technical progress, it became possible to introduce video equipment into practice. This, in turn, allows you to have a more directed influence on the process of forming awareness in the patient in different areas. This, of course, contributes to the acceleration of recovery, ensures the high efficiency of psychotherapeutic techniques. However, of course, work is currently underway to improve the methods of individual and group psychotherapy, and new concepts of personality are being developed.