Russian German phrase book with pronunciation for tourists. German words and useful expressions for a tourist trip. Orientation in the city
If you are going to visit Germany on a friendly visit, you need to prepare in advance. You can start learning German on your own, buy a phrase book, memorize basic phrases, or ask a teacher for help. If you have a lot of time left, then you should take it seriously, in a foreign country without knowing the language is not easy.
Where to start learning
So, it is reasonable to start with the following points:
- Acquaintance with the German alphabet and the rules for pronunciation of sounds and words;
- Learning basic verbs and frequently used words;
- Acquaintance with grammar and rules for constructing sentences;
- Pronunciation training, getting used to the sound of German speech, using music, films and programs;
- Reading books, magazines and adapted material from translations;
- Communication with native speakers and other students to consolidate the results.
To begin! The first successes can be made after 2-3 weeks of training, and you can talk to a German and exchange a couple of phrases by the end of the first month. The main thing is to start studying so that before the trip there is time to systematize the information received in your head!
With intensive and regular classes, you can begin to speak and understand the interlocutor in a couple of months. Of course, at first there will be banal everyday simple phrases: greetings, questions, requests, words to keep the conversation going. Then vocabulary will expand to 1000-1500 concepts, you can even discuss some events. AT Everyday life, excluding highly specialized terms at work, the average German resident uses about 2000-2500 different words.
For a trip to the country in order to see the sights and relax, the main groups of words are enough:
Greetings and farewells;
Phrases for finding a road: directions, street names;
Essential phrases for airport, railway stations and public transport;
Essential phrases for cafes or shopping in stores;
Phrases for emergency situations;
Words to express regret and gratitude;
Expressions to keep the conversation going.
For a comfortable stay, 100 phrases are enough - this is about 300-500 words. It is not enough to learn them, to practice pronouncing them correctly so that the interlocutor understands you. You also need to prepare for the expected answers - asking for directions and not understanding the answer will be a very unpleasant discovery. For safety, you can take a phrase book to find the right phrase, but you should not rely on it, it is difficult to keep up a conversation and look for information in a book.
Phrases for greetings and goodbyes
The Germans are amiable and polite people, slightly closed, and they need good reasons for close communication or invitation to visit. On the street or in a public place, they will gladly come to the aid of those in need. To begin with, it is worth learning the phrases of greeting and starting a conversation.
It is customary to say “Hello” and “Bye” to close acquaintances and peers. In German, the phrases would look like this: "Hallo!" and "Tschüs!", and they sound "Halo!" and "Chus!". When talking to a stranger or an interlocutor who is clearly older than you, you should use the standard politeness phrase:
- Grüss Gott!(gruce goth) - Hello!
- Guten Morgen/Tag/Abend!(guten morgen/tak/abent!) which means good morning/afternoon/evening!
- Auf Wiedersehen!- the most common phrase at parting, an analogue of our "Goodbye!" and it reads "auf viderzein".
- Bisbald/morgen/später!(bis balt / morgan / spathe) - “See you soon / tomorrow / meeting!”
Phrases are appropriate in any situation, whether you know the interlocutor or not, they will be a manifestation of politeness.
- Gute Nacht!(gute nakht!) Literally translated "Good night!", Sometimes used by acquaintances when saying goodbye.
- Alles Gute!(ales gute!) the meaning of the phrase is “Good luck!” or “All the best!”, and its meaning does not change from intonation, as in Russian.
Understand! The Germans speak very emotionally, as opposed to their coldness and stiffness. Sometimes it seems that they are expressing indignation or angry, but in most cases it turns out that this is how the words sound on German. You need to understand that the Germans are quite cultured and will not be rude to a stranger for no reason.
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There is one more phrase, it can also be used at the end of a conversation, it is hardly suitable for communicating with strangers - “Viel Glück!”. Literally translated as a wish of good luck, or "Happily!"
What it takes to keep a conversation going
The Germans are polite and cultured, after greeting you will most likely be asked how you are doing or inquire about your health. The phrase sounds something like this:
- Wie geht es Ihnen? (wee gate es inan?), in response, they thank and ask counter questions. More or less like this:
- Danke, gut Und Ihnen? (danke, gut und inen?), which means “Thank you, everything is fine! And you?"
There are 2 forms of the word "Excuse me" in German. To attract the attention of the interlocutor, “Entschuldigung” is said, it looks difficult, but it sounds “Entschuldigung”. And if you want to apologize for the inconvenience, then the phrase will sound slightly different - Entschuldigen Sie "Entschuldigen zi."
Remember! The complexity of the German language is word formation, sometimes a word can consist of several parts. Remembering this approach is quite difficult, it will take time.
If you still find it difficult to express yourself in German, you can tell the interlocutor that you do not understand him well and ask if he speaks another language. "Spreche ich deutsch nicht" (spreche ich deutsch nicht) translates as "I don't speak German". You can learn about other languages with the phrase:
- Sprechen Sie Russisch/Englisch? (shprechen zi russish / english?), if the interlocutor answers “I” (Ja), you can safely switch to a language more familiar to you.
The right words at the airport and railway station
Arrival in Germany is associated with the passage of customs control at the border or at the airport. As in any other country, here it is better to clearly answer the questions left and try not to say too much. Customs officers may not understand Russian humor, but overcome the language barrier in case of misunderstanding with representatives of the authorities, it will be quite difficult.
Note! At every airport in Germany, as well as at major railway stations, there is an opportunity to ask for help if the problem is out of control and you and the employee no longer understand each other. "Ich brauche einen übersetzer" means you need an interpreter.
You may be asked about the purpose of the visit, whether you have all the necessary documents, whether you have filled out the declaration, whether you have permission to import luggage items, and so on. If you memorize the phrases from the tablet, then it will be easy for you to pass customs control.
At the railway station, questions may arise regarding the location of luggage, orientation in the room, calling a taxi, and the like. Even without knowing the correct wording of the desired phrase, there is no need to panic and get upset. Template expressions will come to your aid, using them you can easily explain the problem to the representatives of the station. At the information desk you can find out the information you need: about train timetables, required documents, ticket prices, location of left-luggage offices, taxi ranks and exits to the city.
By the way, the Germans are friendly people, when they understand that you are a foreigner and you need help, they will be happy to help, and with the availability of translators in smartphones and tablets, you can even start a conversation that is understandable to both.
If you need to order or buy something in the store
In a cafe or restaurant where you need to make an order, you will need a few basic phrases to ask for a menu and a bill, as well as to find out the cost of dishes:
- Wir hätten gern die Karte- We'd like a menu.
- Konnen Sie mir etwas empfehlen?– Can you recommend me something?
- Das habe ich nicht bestellt!- this is not my order / I did not order this dish.
- Wir möchten bitte bezahlen!/Die Rechnung bitte!- We would like to pay! / Bring the bill, please!
- Stimmt so!- Don't give up!
By the way, recently it is customary to call waiters simply - “Entschuldigung!” (Sorry!), but most often they come up themselves and address visitors with the phrase:
- Was kann ich Ihnen anbieten?- What can I offer you?
- Or, Was nehmen Sie?- What will you order?
When buying something in a store, you will need to find out the cost, expiration date, change amount, and other little things. Trying on clothes will require you to know the sizes translated into German or European.
On the street - phrases in German for finding the way
If you are moving around a German city by taxi or public transport, you will sometimes have to ask for directions or correct the direction for the driver. You need to learn phrases to address people on the street and the police. The basis of all expressions of this kind:
- Wo befindet sich…/Ich suche…(in befindet zih…/ih zuhe…) – where is…/I am looking for…
- die Apotheke(di apoteke) - ... a pharmacy;
- die Kaufhalle(di kauf-halle) - ... shop;
- polizeirevier(policeman revere) - ... police station;
- eine Bank(aine bank) - ... bank;
- my hotel(main hotel) - ... hotel;
- das Postamt(das stamp) - ... mail.
All the necessary phrases for communicating with public transport and taxi drivers, the following phrases will be enough for you:
For tourists in large German cities, there are many explanatory and guiding signs, you can read the information you need on them, for example, where the toilet is located, or in which direction the square is located. Warning signs in public places are duplicated similar to those on English language. It is more familiar to our eyes, but you also need to know the German designations well.
Phrases for hotel or hotel
Upon arrival in the country, you will need somewhere to stay, most likely you will need a hotel or a hotel. Big and famous establishments have an interpreter, but medium and cheap ones will meet you with German staff. And you will have to explain your wishes to them. mother tongue or gestures. Not everyone will get what they want.
For productive communication with staff, 15-20 phrases will be enough for you:
German phrases for an emergency
On good trips and successful journeys, such phrases do not have to be used. But situations are different and you need to know them. At least in order not to look in the phrase book, how to call a doctor if someone urgently needs help. It is enough to learn a few things to be able to call the police or doctors at the right time.
Important! Every country has special phone numbers that you can call even if you don't have access to a mobile network. They can be obtained at the hotel reception, at customs or at the information desk.
Situations with money in an exchange office or a bank also require understanding so that an incident does not result due to misunderstanding with employees.
What do you need to visit a foreign country?
In addition to a camera, money and personal items, you will definitely need:
- Detailed map of the city;
- Phone numbers of the Russian embassy;
- Numbers of special services and codes for calling them from a cell phone;
- Russian- german phrasebook in case of an unforeseen situation;
- Positive attitude and good mood;
- "Reinforced concrete" knowledge base words courtesy and the ability to apply them.
- Happy retreat! Confessing love in German is quite simple, the phrase is simple - “Ich liebe dich”, sounds like “ich liebe dich”.
Summing up, let us recall the main words for communication in any country and in any language:
- "Thanks!" German sounds "Danke" or "Danke schön!"
- "Please!" would be "Bitte" or "Bitte schön!"
- "I'm really sorry!” can be expressed with the words “Es tut mir leid!”
- "Nice to meet you!" in German it sounds important and weighty - “Schön, Sie kennenzulernen!”
- "Be healthy!"- “Gesundheit!”, regardless of nationality and traditions, a wish of health from the heart will always be accepted by the interlocutor with pleasure.
It is these little things that often help tourists out on the streets of a foreign city, and together with common sense, a well-defined route and learned basic phrases, they will allow you to get the most out of the trip.
German is spoken by millions of people, not only in Germany, but also in Austria, Switzerland, Liechtenstein, Luxembourg and other places around the world. Of course, in order to speak German fluently, you will have to study for a long time, but the simplest phrases can be mastered very quickly. Whether you're traveling to a German-speaking country, want to impress someone, or just get a little familiar with a new language, the tips in this article will come in handy. We will teach you how to greet people, introduce yourself, say goodbye, thank you, ask basic questions or ask for help.
Steps
Part 1
Greeting and farewell- "Guten Tag" (guten so) - "good afternoon" (used as the most common greeting during the day)
- "Guten Morgen" (guten morgen) - "good morning"
- "Guten Abend" (Guten Abent) - "Good evening"
- "Gute Nacht" (gute nacht) - "good night" (said before going to bed, usually only between close people)
- "Hallo" (halo) - "hello" (used anywhere and anytime)
-
Remember the difference between formal and informal German. In German, as in Russian, it is customary to address unfamiliar and unfamiliar people in different ways (formally, to “you”) and to close acquaintances (informally, to “you”). However, unlike Russian, in German the polite "you" in singular and "you" in the plural are two different words. For example, to ask someone's name, you would say:
- "Wie heissen Sie?" (vi haisen zi) - "what is your name?" (formally)
- "Wie heisst du?" (wee heist du) - "what's your name?" (informally)
-
Say goodbye. The forms of farewell, like greetings, may differ depending on where you are and who you are talking to. However, in general, you can't go wrong if you use one of the following:
- "Auf Wiedersehen" (auf viderzeen) - "goodbye"
- "Tschüss" (chyuc) - "bye"
- "Ciao" (chao) - "bye" (this word is Italian, but often used by Germans)
Use standard greetings. Each German-speaking country has its own special greetings. However, the following standard forms will be appropriate in any of them.
Part 2
Starting a conversation-
Ask the person how he is doing. You will not only show courtesy, but also demonstrate your knowledge of German!
Tell me how you are. If you are asked the question "wie geht es Ihnen?" or "wie geht" s?, you can answer in different ways.
Ask the person where he is from. A good way to start a conversation is to ask the interlocutor what city or country he is from. To do this, there are the following phrases (both formal and informal).
- "Woher kommen Sie?" (woher komen zi) / "woher kommst du?" (voher comst du) - “where are you from?” / "where are you from?"
- "Ich komme aus ..." (ih komme aus ...) - "I'm from ...". For example, "ich komme aus Russland" (ih kome aus rusland) - "I'm from Russia."
- "Wo wohnen Sie?" (wo wohnst du) / "wo wohnst du?" (wonst doo) - "where do you live?" / "where do you live?". The verb "wohnen" is used with the name of the city, street, exact address; for a country or continent (but often for a city too), "leben" is used - "wo leben Sie?" (wo leben zee) / "wo lebst du?" (in lebst du).
- “Ich wohne in ...” (ich wohne in ...) or “ich lebe in ...” (ich lebe in ...) - “I live in ...”. For example, "ich wohne / lebe in Moskau" (ih vone / lebe in moskau) - "I live in Moscow."
Part 3
Further communication-
Learn a few more simple useful phrases."Ja" (I) means "yes", "nein" (nein) means "no".
- "Wie bitte?" (vi bite) - "I'm sorry?" (if you need to ask again)
- "Es tut mir leid!" (es here world - "I'm sorry!"
- "Entschuldigung!" (entschuldigung) - "I'm sorry!"
-
Learn to say "please" and "thank you." In principle, there is a formal and informal way of expressing gratitude, but the usual "danke" (danke) - "thank you" - can be used in any situation.
-
Learn to formulate simple requests and questions about objects. To find out if something is available in a store, restaurant, and similar places, you can ask "haben Sie ...?" (haben zi ...) - "do you have ...?" For example, "haben Sie Kaffee?" (haben zi cafe) - "do you have coffee?"
- If you want to ask about the price of something, ask the question "wie viel kostet das?" (vi fil costat das) - "how much does it cost?"
-
Learn to ask for directions. If you are lost or want to find a place, the following phrases will come in handy.
- To ask for help, say "Können Sie mir helfen, bitte?" (kyonen zi world helfeng, bitae) - "Could you help me please?"
- To ask for a location, say "Wo ist...?" (in ist ...) - “where is ...?”. For example, "wo ist die Toilette, bitte?" (wo ist di toilette, - “where is the toilet?” or “wo ist der Bahnhof?” (wo ist der bahnhof) - “where is the station?”
- To make your question sound more polite, start it with an apology: "Entschuldigen Sie bitte, wo ist der Bahnhof?" (entshuldigen zi bite, vo ist der bahnhof) - "Excuse me, please, where is the station?"
- To find out if a person speaks another language, ask: “Sprechen Sie englisch (russisch, französisch…)?” (shprechen zi English (Russian, French ...)), that is: “Do you speak English (Russian, French ...)?”
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Learn to count in German. In general, German numerals follow the same logic as Russian or English ones. The main difference is that in numbers from 21 to 100, units are placed before tens. For example, 21 is "einundzwanzig" (aynuntzvantsikh), literally "one and twenty"; 34 is "vierunddreißig" (firuntdraisikh), literally "four and thirty"; 67 is "siebenundsechzig" (zibenuntzekhtsikh), literally "seven and sixty" and so on.
- 1 - "eins" (ains)
- 2 - "zwei" (zwei)
- 3 - "drei" (dry)
- 4 - "vier" (fir)
- 5 - "unf" (funf)
- 6 - "sechs" (zeks)
- 7 - "sieben" (ziben)
- 8 - "acht" (aht)
- 9 - "neun" (noyn)
- 10 - "zehn" (zein)
- 11 - "elf" (elf)
- 12 - "zwölf" (zwölf)
- 13 - "dreizehn" (dreizen)
- 14 - "vierzehn" (firzein)
- 15 - "ünfzehn" (fünfzein)
- 16 - "sechzehn" (zekhzein)
- 17 - "siebzehn" (zip chain)
- 18 - "achtzehn" (akhtzein)
- 19 - "neunzehn" (neunzein)
- 20 - "zwanzig" (zwanzig)
- 21 - "einundzwanzig" (aynuntzwanzig)
- 22 - "zweiundzwanzig" (zweiuntzwanzig)
- 30 - "dreißig" (dreißig)
- 40 - "vierzig" (firtsikh)
- 50 - "ünfzig" (funzich)
- 60 - "sechzig" (zekhtsikh)
- 70 - "siebzig" (ziptsikh)
- 80 - "achtzig" (ahtsikh)
- 90 - "neunzig" (neunzig)
- 100 - "hundert" (hundert)
Restrained and pedantic Germany, a country that millions of people from all over the world dream of visiting, at least for a week. There is everything for a great pastime. Ski resorts, nightclubs, great restaurants, pubs and luxury hotels. Also in Germany there is a huge number of medieval buildings and other architectural monuments.
But knowing the German language, you will enjoy a tour of this country even more, or you can simply download a Russian-German phrase book if you cannot master this language.
Our phrase book can be printed directly from the site or downloaded to your device, and all this is completely free. The phrase book is divided into the following topics.
Appeals
| Phrase in Russian | Translation | Pronunciation |
|---|---|---|
| Hello (Good afternoon) | Guten Tag | Guten so |
| Good morning | Guten Morgen | Guten morgen |
| Good evening | Guten Abend | Guten abent |
| Hi | hallo | Hallo |
| Hello (in Austria and Southern Germany) | Gruss Gott | Gruess goth |
| Goodbye | Auf Wiedersehen | Auf viderzeen |
| Goodnight | Gute Nacht | Gute nakht |
| See you later | Bisbald | Bis balt |
| Good luck | Viel Gluck/Viel Erfolg | Fil glitch / Fil erfolk |
| All the best | Alles Gute | Alles goute |
| Bye | Tschuss | Chus |
Common phrases
| Phrase in Russian | Translation | Pronunciation |
|---|---|---|
| Show me… | Zeigen Sie mir bitte… | Tsaigen zi bitte world... |
| Give it to me please... | Geben Sie mir bitte das | Geben zi world bitte das |
| Give me please… | Geben Sie mir bitte… | Geben zi world bitte ... |
| We would like… | Wir moechten… | Veer myhyten… |
| I would like to… | Ich moechte… | Ih myohte… |
| Help me please! | Helfen Sie mir bitte | Helfeng zi bitte world |
| Could you tell me...? | Koennen Sie mir bitte sagen? | Gyonnen zi world bitte zagen? |
| Could you help me...? | Koennen Sie mir bitte helfen? | Gyonnen zi world bitte helfeng |
| Could you show me...? | Koennen Sie mir bitte zeigen? | Gyonnen zi world bitte tsaigen? |
| Could you give us...? | Koennen Sie uns bitte … geben? | Kyongnen zi uns bittae... geben? |
| Could you give me...? | Koennen Sie mir bitte … geben? | Kyongnen zi world bittae... geben? |
| Please write it | Schreiben Sie es bitte | Shriban zee es bitte |
| Repeat please | Sagen Sie es noch einmal bitte | Zagan zi es noh ainmal bitte |
| What did you say? | Wie bitte? | You bitte? |
| Could you speak more slowly? | Koennen Sie bitte etwas langsamer sprechen? | Gyeongnaen zi bitte etwas langzame sprechen? |
| I do not understand | Ich verstehe nicht | Ikh fershtee niht |
| Does anyone here speak English? | Spricht jemand hier english? | Shprikht yemand khir english? |
| I understand | Ich verstehe | Ikh fershtee |
| Do you speak Russian? | Sprechen Sie Russisch? | Shprechen zi russish? |
| You speak English? | Sprechen Sie English? | Shprechen zi english? |
| How are you? | Wie geht es Ihnen? | Wee gate es inan? |
| Everything is good, and you? | Danke, gut Und Ihnen? | Danke, Gut Und inen? |
| This is Ms. Schmidt. | Das ist Frau Schmidt | Das ist Frau Schmitt |
| This is Mr Schmidt | Das ist Herr Schmidt | Das east herr Schmitt |
| My name is… | Ich heise… | Ihe haise… |
| I came from Russia | Ich komme aus Russland | Ikh komme aus ruslant |
| Where is? | Woist…? | In ist…? |
| Where are they? | Wo sind…? | In zint...? |
| I do not understand | Ich verstehe nicht | Ikh fershtee niht |
| Unfortunately I don't speak German | Leider, spreche ich deutsch nicht | Leide sprehe ih deutsch niht |
| You speak English? | Sprechen Sie English? | Shprechen zi english? |
| Do you speak Russian? | Sprechen Sie Russisch? | Shprechen zi russish? |
| Sorry | Entschuldigen Sie | Entshuldigen zee |
| Excuse me (to get attention) | Entschuldigung | Entschuldigung |
| Thanks a lot | Danke schon/Vielen Dank | Danke shyon / Filen dunk |
| Not | Nein | nein |
| Please | bitte | Bitte |
| Thanks | Danke | Danke |
| Yes | Ja | I |
At customs
| Phrase in Russian | Translation | Pronunciation |
|---|---|---|
| Where is customs control? | wo ist die zollkontrolle? | in: east di: zolcontrolle? |
| do I need to fill out a declaration? | soll ich die zolleklärung ausfüllen? | sol ih di: zollerkle: runk ausfullen? |
| did you complete the declaration? | haben sie die zollerklärung ausgefüllt? | ha: ben zi di zollerkle: rung ausgefült? |
| Do you have forms in Russian? | haben sie formulare in der russischen sprache? | ha: ben zi formula: re ying der rusisheng spra: he? |
| Here is my declaration | hier ist meine zollerklärung | chi:r ist meine colecrle:runk |
| where is your luggage: | wo ist ihr gepäck? | w:ist i:r gapek? |
| This is my baggage | hier ist mein gepack | chi:r east mine gapek |
| passport control | passcontrol | |
| present your passport | weisen sie ihren pass vor | Weizen Zi:Ren Pass Four! |
| Here's my passport | hier ist mein reisepass | chi:r east lane risepas |
| I arrived on flight number ... from Moscow | ich bin mit dem flug nummer … aus Moskau gekom-men | ihy bin mit dem flu:k nummer ... aus moscow geco-man |
| I am a citizen of Russia | ich bin burger russlands | ihy bin burger ruslands |
| we came from Russia | wir kommen aus russland | vir komen aus ruslant |
| did you fill in the entry form? | haben sie das einreiseformular ausgefüllt? | ha:ben zee das inriseformula:r ausgefült? |
| I need a form in Russian | ich brauche ein formular in der russischen sprache | ih brau he ain formula: r in der rusishen spra: he |
| the visa was issued at the consular department in Moscow | das visum wurde im konsulat in moskau ausgestellt | das wi:zoom vurde im consulat in moskau ausgestelt |
| I came… | ich bin … gekom-men | ih bin ... gekoman |
| for contract work | zur vertragserbeit | zur fartra:xarbayt |
| we came at the invitation of friends | wir sind auf einladung der freunde gekommen | vir zint aif ainladunk der freinde gekoman |
| I have nothing to declare in the declaration | ich habe nichts zu verzollen | ih ha: be nihte tsu: fertsolen |
| I have an import license | hier ist meine einführungsgenehmigung | chi:r ist maine ainfyu:rungsgene:migunk |
| come through | passieren sie | pasi: ren zi |
| go along the green (red) corridor | gehen sid durch den grünen(roten) korridor | ge:en zi dope dan gryu:nen (ro:ten) corido:r |
| open the suitcase! | machen sie den koffer auf! | mahan zi den cofer auf! |
| these are my personal things | ich habe nur dinge des personkichen bedarfs | ih ha:be nu:r dinge des prezenlichen bedarfs |
| these are souvenirs | das sind souvenirs | das zint zuvani:rs |
| Do I need to pay duty on these items? | sind diese sachen zollpflichtig? | zint di:see zachen zolpflichtych? |
At the station
| Phrase in Russian | Translation | Pronunciation |
|---|---|---|
| from which station to go to ...? | von welchem bahnhof fährt man nach …? | von welhem ba:nho:f fe:rt man nah? |
| where can i buy a train ticket? | wo kann man die fahrkarte kaufen? | in: can man di fa: rkarte kaufeng? |
| I need to get to Bremen as soon as possible | ich muß möglichst schell nach Bremen gelangen | ihy mus möglihst shnel nah bre:men gelangen |
| Do you have a timetable? | wo kann ich den fahrplan sehen? | vo:kan ih dan fa:rplya:n ze:en? |
| from which station does the train leave? | von welchem bahnhof fair zug ab | von welhem ba:nho:f fe:rt der tsu:k up? |
| how much does the ticket cost? | was kostet die fahrkarte? | you costat di fa:rkarte? |
| Do you have tickets for today (tomorrow)? | haben sie die fahrkarten für heute(für morgen)? | ha: ben zi di fa: karten fur hoyte (fur morgan)? |
| I need a ticket to Berlin and back | einmal (zweimal) Berlin und zurück, bitte | ainma: l (tsvayma: l) berley: n unt tsuruk, bite |
| I would like the train that arrives in the morning at ... | ich brauche den zug, der am morgen nach … kommt | ihy brauhe den zu: k der am morgan nah ... comt |
| When is the next train? | wahn kommt der nächste zug? | van comt der ne: hh-ste tsu: k? |
| I missed the train | ich habe den zug verpasst | ihy ha:bae den tsu:k fairpast |
| from which platform does the train leave? | von welchem bahnsteig fährt der zug ab? | von welhem ba:nstaik fe:rt der tsu:k up? |
| how many minutes before departure? | wieviel minuten bleiben bis zur abfahrt? | vi:fi:l minu:ten blyaben bis zur apfa:rt? |
| is there a representative office of Russian airlines here? | gibt es hier das buro der russischen fluglinien? | gi:fri es chi:r das bureau: deru rusishen flu:kli:nen |
| where is the help desk? | wo ist das Auskunftsburo? | in: ist das auskunftsburo? |
| where does the express bus stop? | wo halt der Zubringerbus? | in: helt der tsubringerbus? |
| where is the taxi stand? | wo ist der Taxi-stand? | in: ist der taxi driver? |
| Is there a currency exchange here? | wo befindet sich die Wechselstelle? | in: befindet zih di vexelstalle? |
| I want to buy a ticket for flight number ... | ich möchte einen Flug, Routenummer … buchen | ih myohte ainen flu:k, ru:tenumer ... boo:hyun |
| where is the check-in for the flight...? | wo ist die Abfer-tigung fur den Flug …? | in: ist di apfertigunk für den flue: k….? |
| where is the storage room? | wo ist die Gepäckaufbewahrung? | in: ist di gepekaufbewarung? |
| no mine... | es fehlt … | es fe:lt…. |
| suitcases | mein koffer | mein coffer |
| bags | meine tasche | meine ta:she |
| who can you contact? | an wen kann ich mich wenden? | en vein kan ih mih venden? |
| where is the toilet? | wo ist die toilette? | in: ist di toilete? |
| where is the baggage claim? | wo ist gepäckaus-gabe? | in:ist gapek-ausga:be? |
| on which conveyor can I get luggage from flight number ...? | auf welchem Förderband kann man das Gepäck vom Flug … bekommen? | auf velhem förderbant kan man das gapek fom flu:k …backoman? |
| I forgot my case (coat, raincoat) on the plane. What should I do? | ich habe meinen aktenkoffer (meinen Mantel, meinen regenmantel) im flugzeug liegenlasen. was soll ich tun? | ih ha: be mainen aktenkofer (mainen mantel, mainen re: genshirm) im fluktsoyk ligenlya: sen. you sol ich tun? |
| I lost my luggage tag. Can I receive my luggage without a tag? | ich habe cabin (den Gepäckanhänger) verloren. Kann ich mein Gepäck ohne cabin bekommen? | ih ha: be kebin (den gap’ekanhenger ferle: ren. kan ih mein gap’ek |
In hotel
| Phrase in Russian | Translation | Pronunciation |
|---|---|---|
| where is the hotel…? | wo befindet sich das Hotel …? | in: befindet zih das hotell…? |
| I need a not very expensive hotel with good service | ich brauche ein hicht teueres Hotel | uh brauhe…. |
| do you have rooms available? | haben sie freie zimmer? | Ha: Ben Zi: Frie Zimer? |
| booked for me | fur mich ist ein Zimmer reserviert | fur mih ist ain zimer rezervi:rt |
| The room is booked in the name of... | das Zimmer auf den Namen … reserviert | das zimar east auf dan na:men ... rezervi:rt |
| i need a single room | ich brauche ein Einzelzimmer(ein Einbettzimmer) | ihy brauhe ain ainzelzimer (ain ainbetzimer) |
| I want a room with a kitchen | ich mochte ein Zimmer mit Küche haben | ihy myohte ain qimer mit kyuhye ha:ban |
| I came here for... | ich bin hierger … gekommen | ihy bin hirhe:r ... gekomen |
| month | fur einen monat | fur ainen mo:nat |
| year | fur ein jahr | fur ain ya:r |
| week | fur eine woche | fur aine vohe |
| is there a shower in the room? | gibt es im zimmer eine Dusche? | gypt es im zimer aine du:she? |
| i need a room with bath (air conditioning) | ich brauche ein zimmer mit Bad (mit einer klimaanlage) | ih brauhe ain zimer mit ba:t (mit ainer klimaanla:ge) |
| how much is this number? | was costet dieses zimmer? | you costat di:zes zimer? |
| it is very expensive | das ist sehr teuer | das east ze:r toyer |
| I need a room for a day (for three days, for a week) | ich brauche ein zimmer für eine Nacht (für drei tage, fur eine woche) | ih brauhe ain zimer fur aine nakht (fur dry tage, fur aine vohe) |
| how much is a double room per night? | was kostet ein zweibettzimmer pro nacht? | you costet ain zweibetzimer about nakht? |
| does the room rate include breakfast and dinner? | sind das Frühsrtrück und das abendessen im preis inbegridden? | zint das fryu:stuk unt das abentesen im price inbegrifen? |
| breakfast is included in the room price | das Fruhstuck ist im preis inbergriffen | das fryu:stuck ist im price inbergryfen |
| we have a buffet in the hotel | in userem hotel ist schwedisches Büffet | in unzeram hotel east sea:dishes buffet |
| when do i need to pay for the room? | wann soll ish das zimmer bezahlen? | van sol ih das zimer betsa: flax? |
| payment can be made in advance | man kann im voraus zahlen | man can im foraus ca:len |
| this number suits me (does not suit) | dieses zimmer passt mir(nicht) | di:zes zimer paste the world (niht) |
| here is the room key | das ist der schlüssel | das east der slusel |
Walk around the city
| Phrase in Russian | Translation | Pronunciation |
|---|---|---|
| gas station | tankstelle | tank-stelle |
| Bus stop | Bushaltestelle | Bus-halte-stelle |
| Metro station | U-bahnstation | U-ban-station |
| Where is the nearest... | Wo ist hier die naechste… | Vo ist hir di next… |
| Where is the nearest police station here? | Wo ist hier das naechste Polizeirevier? | Vo ist hir das next cop-revere? |
| bank | eine Bank | aine bank |
| das Postamt | das post office | |
| supermarket | Die Kaufhalle | di kauf-halle |
| pharmacy | die Apotheke | di apotheca |
| pay phone | eine Telefonzelle | aine telephone - celle |
| tourist office | das Verkehrsamt | das ferkerzamt |
| my hotel | my hotel | mine hotel |
| I'm looking for… | Ich suche… | Ihe zuhe… |
| Where is the taxi stand? | wo ist der taxi-stand? | in: ist der taxi driver? |
In transport
| Phrase in Russian | Translation | Pronunciation |
|---|---|---|
| Could you please wait for me? | Koennen Sie mir bitte warten? | Gyeongnen zi world bitte warten? |
| How much do I owe you? | Was soll ich zahlen? | You sol ih tsalen? |
| Stop here, please | Halten Sie bitte hier | Khalten zi bitte khir |
| I need to get back | Ich mus zurueck | Ikh mus tsuruk |
| Right | Nach rechts | Nah rehts |
| Left | Nach links | Nah links |
| Take me downtown | Fahren Sie mich zum Stadtzentrum | Faren zi mih zum state-centrum |
| Take me to a cheap hotel | Fahren Sie mich zu einem billigen Hotel | Faren zi mih tsu aynam billigan hotel |
| Take me to a good hotel | Fahren Sie mich zu einem guten Hotel | Faren zi mih tsu aynem guten hotel |
| Take me to the hotel | Fahren Sie mich zum Hotel | Faren zi mih tsum hotell… |
| Take me to the train station | Fahren Sie mich zum Bahnhof | Faren zi mih zum bahnhof |
| Take me to the airport | Fahren Sie mich zum Flughafen | Faren zi mih tsum fluk hafen |
| take me away | Fahren Sie mich … | Faren zi mih ... |
| To this address, please! | Diese Adress bitte! | Dize adresse bitte |
| How much does it cost to get to...? | Was kostet die Fahrt… | You cost di fart...? |
| call a taxi please | Rufen Sie bitte ein Taxi | Rufeng zi bitte ain taxi |
| Where can I get a taxi? | Wo kann ich ein Taxi nehmen? | Wo kan ikh ain taxi nemen? |
In public places
| Phrase in Russian | Translation | Pronunciation |
|---|---|---|
| The outside | Strasse | Strasse |
| Square | Platz | parade ground |
| town hall | Rathaus | Rathaus |
| Market | Markt | Markt |
| Central railway station | Hauptbahnhof | Hauptbahnhof |
| Old city | Altstadt | Altstadt |
| Push | Stosen/Drucken | Stozen/drucken |
| To yourself | Ziehen | Qian |
| Private property | privateigentum | Prifatigentum |
| Do not touch | Nothing beruhren | Nichtberuren |
| Free/Busy | Frei/Besetzt | Fry/bezzt |
| Is free | frei | fry |
| VAT refund (tax-free) | Refund tax-free | Refund tax-free |
| Currency exchange | Geldwechsel | Geldpromissory note |
| Information | Auskunft/Information | Auskunft/Information |
| For men/For women | Herren/Damen | gerren/damen |
| Toilet | Toiletten | Toiletten |
| Police | Polizei | policeman |
| Forbidden | Verboten | Ferboten |
| Open / Closed | Offen/Geschlossen | Offen/geschlossen |
| No free places | Voll/Besetzt | Voll/bezzt |
| There are available rooms | Zimmer free | Zimmerfri |
| Exit | Ausgang | Ausgang |
| Entrance | Eingang | Aingang |
Emergencies
Numerals
| Phrase in Russian | Translation | Pronunciation |
|---|---|---|
| 0 | null | zero |
| 1 | ainz (ain) | ainz (ain) |
| 2 | tsvay (tsvo) | tsvay (tsvo) |
| 3 | drei | dry |
| 4 | vier | fir |
| 5 | fuenf | funf |
| 6 | sechs | zex |
| 7 | sieben | ziban |
| 8 | acht | aht |
| 9 | neun | noin |
| 10 | Zehn | tsen |
| 11 | elf | elf |
| 12 | zwoelf | zwölf |
| 13 | dreizehn | draizen |
| 14 | vierzehn | firzen |
| 15 | fuenfzehn | funfzen |
| 16 | sechzehn | zehtsen |
| 17 | siebzehn | zipzen |
| 18 | achzehn | akhtzen |
| 19 | neunzehn | neintsen |
| 20 | zwanzig | zwantsikhe |
| 21 | einundzwanzig | ain-unt-zwantsikh |
| 22 | zweiundzwanzig | zwei-unt-zwantsikh |
| 30 | dreissig | draisih |
| 40 | vierzig | firtsikh |
| 50 | fuenfzig | funcich |
| 60 | sechzig | zekhtsikh |
| 70 | Siebzig | ziplock |
| 80 | achtzig | akhtsikhe |
| 90 | neunzig | neunzich |
| 100 | hundert | hundert |
| 101 | hunderteins | hundert-ins |
| 110 | hundertzehn | hundertzen |
| 200 | zweihundert | zwei hundert |
| 258 | zweihundertachtundfunfzig | zwei-hundert-aht-unt-fünftzih |
| 300 | dreihundert | dry hundert |
| 400 | vierhundert | fir hundert |
| 500 | funfhundert | funfhundert |
| 600 | sechshundert | zex hundert |
| 800 | achundert | aht-hundert |
| 900 | neunhundert | neuin hundert |
| 1000 | tausend | tauzent |
| 1,000,000 | eine million | aine million |
| 10,000,000 | zehn millionen | cen millionen |
In the shop
| Phrase in Russian | Translation | Pronunciation |
|---|---|---|
| Surrender wrong | Der rest stimmt nicht ganz | Der rest stimmt niht ganz |
| Do you have something similar but bigger (smaller)? | Haben Sie etwas Anliches, aber ein wenig grosser (kleiner)? | Haben zi etwas enlishes abe ain wenig grösser (kleiner)? |
| This works for me | Das past world | Das paste the world |
| This is great for me | Das ist mir zu gross | Das ist world zu gros |
| It's not enough for me | Das ist mir zu eng | Das east world tsu eng |
| I need a size | Ich brauche Grosse… | Ikh brauhe grösse ... |
| My size is 44 | Meine Grose ist 44 | Maine grösse ist fir und firzich |
| Where is the dressing room located? | Wo ist die Anprobekabine? | Vo ist di enprobe cabine? |
| Can I measure it? | Cann ich es anprobieren? | Kan ikh es anprobiren? |
| Sale | Ausverkauf | Ausferkauf |
| Too expensive | Es ist zu teuer | Es ist zu toyer |
| Please write a price | Schreiben Sie bitte den Preis | Schreiben zee bitte dan price |
| I take it | Ich nehme es | Ikh neme es |
| How much does it cost? | Was kostet es (das)? | you costat es (das)? |
| Give it to me please | Geben Sie mir bitte das | Geben zi world bitte das |
| I would like to… | Ich suche… | Ihe zuhe… |
| Please show me this | Zeigen Sie mir bitte das | ceigen zi world bitte das |
| I only watch | Ich schaue nur | Ihy shaue nur |
Tourism
Greetings - the Germans are very friendly and affable people, and therefore, it is also dear for you to know how to greet the inhabitants of Germany. Here are the words for this.
Standard phrases are common words that you can use during any conversation to keep it going.
Station - if you are confused by the signs and signs at the station, or do not know where the toilet, buffet is located, or you need a platform, just find the question you need in this topic and ask a passer-by how to get to one place or another.
Orientation in the city - so as not to get lost in big cities Germany, use this topic in order to find out from passers-by, in the right direction and you are going, etc.
Transport - if you do not know how much the fare costs or want to clarify which bus you take to get to the hotel or to some point of interest, find your questions in this topic and ask them to German passers-by.
Hotel - big list right questions and phrases that are often used during a stay at a hotel.
Public places - in order to clarify where the object or public place you are interested in is located, just find a suitable question in this topic and ask it to any passer-by. Be sure you will be understood.
Emergencies - it is unlikely that something can happen to you in a calm and measured Germany, but such a topic will never be superfluous. Here is a list of questions and words that will help you call an ambulance, the police, or just tell others that you are unwell.
Shopping - want to buy an item you are interested in, but do not know how its name sounds in German? This list contains translations of phrases and questions that will help you make absolutely any purchase.
Numbers and figures - every tourist should know their pronunciation and translation.
Tourism - tourists often have all sorts of questions, but not everyone knows how to ask them in German. This section will help you with this. Here are collected the most necessary phrases and questions for tourists.
The German alphabet is based on the Latin alphabet with diacritics for vowels ( ä , ö , ü ) and a letter ß , not used in other languages. There are alternative spellings for these letters: ae, oe, ue, ss, but their use loses its uniqueness.
2. Transliteration
Part German letters translated into Russian unambiguously:
| b | → b | n | → n | t | → t | ||
| d | → d | p | → P | w | → in | ||
| f | → f | q | → to | x | → ks | ||
| g | → G | r | → R | y | → and | ||
| m | → m | ß | → With | z | → c |
3.J
Combinations j + vowel transferred like this:
At the beginning of a word and after vowels ja → I, ja (je) → e, jo → yo, jo → yo, ju → Yu, ju → yuu: Jahns → Jens, Jul → july;
After consonants ja → ya, ja (je) → ye, jo → yo, jo → yo, ju (ju)→ ew: Lilje → Lilje.
Before a consonant and at the end of a word j → th.
4. Vowels and their combinations
German diphthongs are transmitted in transcription according to the following rules: eu → oh, ei → ah, ie → and. A common tradition to pass eu (ei) → hey (her) is considered obsolete today, although many names and surnames are transmitted according to these rules: Reuters → Reuters, Geiger → Geiger.
After vowels e (ä ) → uh, i → th. At the beginning of a word e (ä , ö ) → uh, ü → and.
In other cases, vowels are transmitted by transliteration: a → a, e (ä ) → e, i → and, o → about, ö → yo, u → at, ü → Yu, y → and.
5. S, C, H
letter combinations sch, chh, ch, ph, rh, th in transcription are transmitted, respectively: sch → w, chh → hg, ch → X, ph → f, rh → R, th → t.
Combinations tsch, zsch and chs wholly belonging to one syllable are transmitted according to the rules tsch (zsch) → h, chs → ks: Achslach → Axlakh, Zschopau → chopau. Sometimes the components of these letter combinations refer to different syllables, in which case they are transmitted independently: Altschul → Altshul.
Before front vowels ( i, e, in borrowings also y) With → c: Cilli → cilly. In other contexts c → to: Carl → Charles.
Before letters p and t at the beginning of a word or part compound word s → w: Spray → spree. Before vowels single s → h, otherwise s → With.
In a position between a vowel and a consonant (or between a vowel and e) h omitted in transcription. In other provisions h → X.
The tradition of transmitting everywhere h → G Today it is considered obsolete, but many names and surnames are transmitted precisely according to this rule: Tannhauser → Tannhäuser, Heisenberg → Heisenberg.
The "transcriptor" does not know how to divide German words into syllables and compound words into parts.
6. Consonants
letter combinations gk and tz passed according to the rules gk → G, tz → c.
doubled ll It is conveyed in different ways, depending on the position in the word:
between vowels ll → ll: Ellerbach → Ellerbach;
At the end of a word and between consonants ll → ll: Tellkoppe → Tellkoppe;
In other positions ll → l or eh.
Before vowels l → l, before consonants and at the end of words l → eh.
In German names and titles v → f: Volkmar → Volkmar. But in names of foreign origin v can be transmitted through in: Crivitz → Krivits.
"Transcriptor" always transmits v how f.
7. Double letters
Doubled (long) German vowels are always transmitted as one: Klopeinersee → Klopeinersee.
Doubled German consonants are transmitted as doubled and in transcription if they are in a position between vowels or at the end of a word. In other positions, doubled German consonants correspond to one consonant letter of transcription: Blatt → Blatt, Schaffran → Saffron.
letter combination ck corresponds kk in a position between vowels, otherwise ck → to: Becker → becker, Dick → Dick.
