home biology tutor 11 day reserves and national parks. Day of reserves and national parks in Russia. Reserve - what is it

11 day reserves and national parks. Day of reserves and national parks in Russia. Reserve - what is it

At the initiative of the Center for Protection wildlife and World Foundation wildlife.

On this day (December 29, old style) in 1916, the first specially protected natural area (PA) was formed in Russia - the Barguzinsky Reserve in the Trans-Baikal Region.

Currently, the system of protected areas in Russia includes 103 federal state nature reserves; 48 federal national parks; 64 state nature reserves of federal significance; 2261 state natural reserves regional significance; 7745 natural monuments; 64 natural parks of regional importance.
In addition, more than 2,300 protected areas of other categories of regional and local (municipal) significance have been created.

The total area of all the above protected areas is 206.7 million hectares (including land with inland waters - 195.5 million hectares) or 11.4% of the entire territory of the country).

The formation and operation of state nature reserves are regulated by the Federal Law of March 14, 1995 "On Specially Protected Natural Territories", according to which "state nature reserves are classified as specially protected natural areas of federal significance. Within the boundaries of state nature reserves, the natural environment is preserved in its natural state and completely economic and other activities are prohibited.

The following tasks are assigned to state nature reserves: protection natural areas in order to preserve biodiversity and maintenance in a natural state of protected natural complexes and objects; organization and holding scientific research, including the maintenance of the Chronicle of Nature; public environmental monitoring (state monitoring environment); environmental education and development of cognitive tourism; assistance in the training of scientific personnel and specialists in the field of environmental protection".

There are 41 biosphere reserves on the territory of Russia, created on the basis of 35 state nature reserves, 7 national parks and 2 natural parks. They are part of the UNESCO World Network of Biosphere Reserves and are designed to harmonize the processes of protecting biodiversity and biological resources and their sustainable use.

Their main difference from other reserves is the presence in the territories adjacent to the reserve, biospheric polygons, where limited nature management is carried out (mainly traditional for the region, as well as tourism and other types of recreational activities).

National parks - for Russia, relatively new form specially protected natural area. The first national parks appeared in the USSR in the 1970s. According to the Federal Law "On Specially Protected Natural Territories", national parks are classified as specially protected natural territories of federal significance. Within the boundaries of national parks, zones are distinguished in which the natural environment is preserved in its natural state and any activity not provided for by federal legislation is prohibited, and zones in which economic and other activities are restricted in order to preserve natural and cultural heritage sites and use them for recreational purposes.

The following main tasks are assigned to national parks: preservation of natural complexes, unique and standard natural sites and objects; preservation of historical and cultural objects; environmental education of the population; creation of conditions for regulated tourism and recreation; development and implementation scientific methods nature conservation and environmental education; implementation of state environmental monitoring (state monitoring of the environment); restoration of disturbed natural and historical-cultural complexes and objects.

AT Russian Federation the creation of specially protected natural areas is an effective form of environmental protection. By the end of 2020, it is planned to create 9 more nature reserves, 12 national parks and 2 federal reserves.

Creation of new protected areas of federal significance is carried out in accordance with the Action Plan for the implementation of the Concept for the development of the system of specially protected natural areas of federal significance for the period up to 2020, approved by the order of the Government of the Russian Federation on December 22, 2011.

The material was prepared on the basis of information from RIA Novosti and open sources

While the whole world continues to celebrate the New Year 2019, and in Russia they are preparing to celebrate their favorite celebration also in the old style, the Day of Reserves and National Parks is quietly coming. This is a rather young holiday, and in order not to forget what date to congratulate people who have made caring for the world around them their profession, you have to set a reminder of the red day of the calendar in your smartphone. But, it is worth visiting one of the conservation sites, and this event will definitely become a habit.

The date you need to know and remember!

Experts and astrologers unanimously say that our planet is dying. UNESCO, FAO, WMO, Green Peace and other less formal organizations are sounding the alarm. Everywhere there are calls to protect nature. Listening to them, you should start small: your yard, city, country. To explain how valuable each contribution made to the common cause, along with numerous global campaigns and local initiatives, is the All-Russian Day of Reserves and National Parks. Its essence is not only to remember how many specialists associated with nature protection should be honored. A person is not alone and should always remember this!

In 2019, environmentalists will accept congratulations for the 23rd time and remind them of the need to protect nature on Friday, January 11. The official day off is not assigned to the date, but it is of a fixed nature and was chosen for a reason. On this day over 100 years ago (1917). The first nature reserve, Barguzinsky, was opened in Russia. It is spread over the territory of Buryatia and is named after the Baikal slope:

status: biospheric;
area: 374,322 ha;
Center: Ust-Barguzin settlement

It is noteworthy that the nature protection object was created in a difficult period, when the Revolution and the First World War. Despite the hardships, even in such a period, people understood that not only their interests and lives needed protection.

Humane initiatives and responsible activities

The history of the All-Russian eco-holiday has been counting down since 1997. Then the Wildlife Conservation Center of the Russian Federation announced the decision to patent the holiday and hold it at the regional level, promoting environmental programs. The founder did not think long about what date to celebrate the celebration, taking as a basis the date when the Barguzinsky Reserve was born - a huge piece of land with rich flora and fauna. The idea was supported by WWF. Thus, a day appeared dedicated to the protected areas and national parks of Russia, their creators and those who carry out their difficult watch, caring for them, as well as important and necessary events:

educational events, round tables and lectures;
reports about careless attitude to nature;
promotion of a rational attitude to natural resources

Traditionally, industry workers, involved civil servants and volunteers are congratulated, because they have something to be proud of. About 12,000 specially protected natural areas (SPNA) have been established in the Russian Federation, covering more than 200 million hectares.

Protection of fauna and flora in Russia

The nature of our vast country is diverse and beautiful, but more and more needs help. The economic structure of the Russian Federation is focused on the extraction of minerals, which negatively affects the environment. Much has been done to save her.

organized 102 largest nature reserves in the world;
42 national parks were built;
the work of 71 reserves has been established

Almost 12% of the territory of the Russian Federation is protected by law and will never become an industrial zone. Most of the “islands” not covered by civilization are located in Siberia and on Far East, where virgin forests and habitats of rare animals, birds and plants are still preserved. However, in order to save all the country's boundless wealth and improve the ecological situation, this is not enough. By the beginning of 2020, the appearance of another 11 protected areas has been announced. There is a lot of work, and there is one for everyone who remembers what date to celebrate the day of nature and its defenders, or not.

A modern eulogy for the eco-holiday

In verse

In prose

Short/SMS

I congratulate you on the day of the reserves,

How do you do a lot of good

Forests and fields, shaggy animals,

Give your love, a lot of warmth.

Let your heart not harden

From the malice of human and worldly fuss,

You bring your care to the world,

Lots of warmth, love, beauty!

reserves and parks,

We must all protect.

There is no Russian nature more beautiful,

Go around half the world.

We don't always need a holiday

To protect nature

Every person can

Clean up, don't litter

Take care of our nature.

And after years, you friends,

Thank you! the child will say.

How beautiful is this world

Where peace and bliss reign,

Where the brooks murmur loudly,

And no man's feet have set foot.

Fairy tales are similar there,

Beautiful and clean lakes

Virgin land everywhere

Don't take your eyes off it.

Let's save then

Nature is clean and beautiful.

And reserved places

Give strength to our descendants.

We humans own the whole world... And since we are rational beings, let's not be greedy and leave nature a little freedom in protected areas... Today, on the Day of Reserves and National Parks, I wish you to get out into nature more often and smile!

The creation of nature reserves and national parks is not just a tribute to nature, from which they take without measure, but also part of the very essence of a reasonable person, responsible for his affairs ... Today, on the day of these islands of untouched nature, I want to congratulate you! May your life be long and prosperous, and may it have time to admire the beauties of nature!

Untouched nature is the main wealth and measure of civilization of any country. Congratulations on the Day of Reserves and National Parks! We all came out of nature, so let her be with us for more than one century, and we will take care of her as a kind mother who does not spare wealth for children, as best friend without which we simply cannot live!

You keep nature, keep animals,

You are the protectors of beauty

Keep up this valuable work.

After all, beauty is often in danger.

We celebrate the day of reserves

And we wish the park workers

Patience, luck, luck

Well Have a good mood!

reserved path

We are going with you.

We'll be by your side

Let's be together, together.

Reserves day

Will tell us about

That we will not let the shadow

Parting in the house!

A holiday is a reserved day.

Secret and fabulous day, and magical.

Day of true natural discoveries,

Day of ancient glorious events

We celebrate together now.

Come on, let's open the door to joy!

On the day of the reserves, it's nice to remember us

Loving native lands without coverage

For the meditation of beautiful panoramas,

Aesthetics of the natural landscape!

Day of Reserves and National Parks 2021 is celebrated in Russia on January 11. The celebrations are attended by all those who carry out environmental activities: public and environmental organizations, state institutions. They are joined by teachers and students educational institutions on the profile of environmental protection. In 2021, the holiday takes place for the 25th time.

The date of the holiday has a symbolic meaning. It is timed to the foundation on January 11, 1916 of the Barguzinsky Reserve - the first in Russian Empire. It is located on the eastern side of the ridge of the same name, on the shores of Lake Baikal and has the status of a biosphere.

Holiday traditions

On this day, thematic scientific and practical conferences are held. Authorities, jointly with citizens, organize educational events. There are actions that draw attention to the attitude towards the environment of industrial enterprises, the state and ordinary citizens. People are urged to carry out separate collection of household waste, to use resources carefully. Leaflets, ribbons, calendars are distributed. social movements hold exhibitions.

Prominent figures for outstanding achievements in environmental protection and rational use of resources are awarded certificates of honor, diplomas, orders, and medals. The media broadcast programs dedicated to nature and its protection. They talk about large-scale man-made accidents and their consequences for the planet.

About nature reserves and national parks

Nature reserves play an important role in preserving the heritage of wildlife. These objects are protected by state law. In national parks it is forbidden to conduct industrial, construction activities. Rest, movement and leisure are allowed to be organized in strictly designated places. Violations result in fines or criminal liability.

Protected areas are the subject of scientific research by ecologists and biologists. Animal populations, their dynamics, mutual existence are studied. Reserves and national parks have become favorite vacation spots for tourists and travelers. They are a kind of untouched island, where the destructive action of civilization has not reached.

According to the Ministry of Natural Resources and Ecology of the Russian Federation, at the beginning of 2014 there were 103 nature reserves in the country.

Until 2020, Russia plans to create 11 new nature reserves, 20 national parks and 3 federal reserves.

11 January World Day of Reserves Day of Reserves and National Parks was first celebrated in 1997 at the initiative of the Center for Wildlife Conservation, the World Wildlife Fund. January 11 was chosen as the Day of Reserves and National Parks to commemorate the anniversary of the formation of the first state reserve in Russia (according to the new style) Barguzinsky Reserve in 1916. Today in Russia there are 100 nature reserves and 35 national parks (their total area is about 3% of the country's area).

2 February World Wetlands Day In 1975, the Convention on Wetlands, adopted on 2 February 1972, entered into force. Soviet Union ratified in 1977. The main task is to protect sea bays, lakes and wetlands from pollution by chemical waste. In our country, on the territory of 21 constituent entities of the Russian Federation, more than 40 such lands have been taken under protection, representing the greatest recreational, economic and cultural value.

February 19 World Day for the Protection of Marine Mammals The nineteenth of February is celebrated on the planet as the World Day for the Protection of Marine Mammals (Whale Day). It is considered a day to protect not only whales, but also all marine mammals and other living creatures of the seas and oceans. This day has been celebrated since 1986, when after 200 years of merciless extermination of whales, the International Whale Commission imposed a ban on whale fishing. Every year on this day, various conservation groups hold actions to protect whales and other marine mammals.

March 14 Day of action against dams, action in defense of Rivers, Water and Life International day of action against dams is celebrated on the initiative of the public organization "International Network of Rivers" (USA). “For rivers, water and life” is the motto of this day. The construction of dams, which mankind has been carrying out since ancient times, is primarily caused by the need to protect against floods and irrigate fields. AT modern world 45,000 large (over 15 meters high) dams are in operation to meet the growing demand for water and energy in the world. The most impressive number of large dams is in China: 22,000 (45% of total number in the world). In second place is the United States, then - former USSR, India and Japan.

March 21 International Forest Day For the first time the idea to celebrate International Forest Day around the world on March 21, the day autumn equinox in the southern hemisphere and spring equinox in the Northern Hemisphere, originated at the 23rd General Assembly of the European Confederation Agriculture in 1971. The main task international day forests to raise awareness of the inhabitants of the planet about the importance of forest ecosystems, their true state, the main measures for their protection, reproduction and restoration. Every second, the Earth loses more than 1.5 hectares of virgin forest - the natural lungs of the planet, the habitat of many animals and plants.

March 22 World Water Day World Water Day water resources It has been celebrated since 1992 at the suggestion of the International Water Users Association and its President Alfred Rasted. The main objectives of the world day water resources, the UN formulated as follows: to promote in every possible way the adoption of the necessary measures to provide the population with drinking water; inform the world community about the importance of protecting and conserving resources fresh water and water resources in general; unite the efforts of states, international organizations, public non-governmental organizations and businesses in different countries. In 2003, the UN General Assembly declared International Decade for Action "Water for Life" "Water for Life"

April 1 International Day of Birds This youthful spring holiday in the USSR was established in 1926. In 1998, the children's magazine "Ant" proposed to revive Bird Day. This call was supported by the Federal Forestry Service and the Union for the Protection of Birds of Russia, and the holiday was timed to coincide with April 1 - the mass arrival of birds from warm regions. The south for the birds is only a place to survive, and they return home. Our task is to meet them with dignity, benevolence, protect them from chemicals and poachers, give shelter and food. After all, birds also delight us, as spring, flowers, and music delight us.

April 7 World Health Day On April 7, the whole world celebrates World Health Day - on this day the Charter of the World Health Organization (WHO) came into force. During its existence, 190 states of the world, including our country, became its members. In the Charter, signed by the governments of these countries, for the first time at the international level, the human right to health was proclaimed, the principle of responsibility of governments for the health of their people was approved, and the inextricable link between health and the strengthening of science and international security was indicated.

April 15 Environmental Knowledge Day This day begins All-Russian action"Days of protection from environmental danger", which ends on June 5 with World Environment Day. Environmental education both in the world and in Russia is considered today priority education and upbringing of students general education schools. The program of the Decade of Education for Sustainable Development, announced by the UN for this year, also includes the task of developing environmental education.

April 15 - June 5 Days of protection from environmental hazards In accordance with the Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation dated "On holding Days of protection from environmental hazards", a large-scale all-Russian environmental campaign is being held in Russia. In accordance with the Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation dated "On the Days of Protection from Environmental Hazards", a large-scale all-Russian environmental action is being carried out in Russia. The goal of Defense Days is to attract attention and efforts to a practical solution environmental issues all branches of government, scientists, the public, the media, youth, the entire population. The purpose of the Days of Protection is to attract attention and efforts to the practical solution of environmental problems of all branches of government, scientists, the public, the media, youth, and the entire population. The campaign starts on the Day of Environmental Knowledge - April 5 and ends on World Environment Day - June 5. The campaign starts on the Day of Environmental Knowledge - April 5 and ends on World Environment Day - June 5.

April "March of the Parks" The Days of Reserves and National Parks were first organized in 1996 at the initiative of the Wildlife Conservation Center. This holiday, which is held annually as a propaganda action in support of protected natural areas, was called the "March of Parks". Every year, hundreds of thousands of people take part in the "March of Parks". More than 200 states and non-governmental organizations of the CIS cooperate with the CPC as organizers of local marches.

April 22 Earth Day April 22 is Earth Day. This initiative arose in 1970 in the United States and eventually gained international distribution. On this day, people remember environmental disasters and the irreversible consequences of human activities that threaten the very fact of the existence of the Earth. People hold rallies, demonstrations, concerts in defense of nature, demand the adoption of new environmental laws, plant trees, remove garbage from the streets, and clean river banks.

May 3 Sun Day The sun is the most ancient of the luminaries deified by man. The disc symbol comes from the Egyptian hieroglyph. For alchemists, the sign of the sun meant gold. Now people treat the Sun more prosaically, but this has not diminished its role in the life of mankind. Today, the Sun is primarily a renewable energy that constantly surrounds us and which can be used. It does not need to be mined from the ground, it does not lead to the formation of radioactive and toxic waste. At the same time, by diverting part of the solar energy to ourselves, we do not change energy balance planets.

May 15 International Climate Day International Climate Day is celebrated in connection with the proclamation by meteorologists of the need to protect the climate as a resource for the well-being of current and future generations. International Climate Day is celebrated in connection with the proclamation by meteorologists of the need to protect the climate as a resource for the well-being of current and future generations. In December 2007, Bali (Indonesia) hosted the United Nations Climate Change Conference. In December 2007, Bali (Indonesia) hosted the United Nations Climate Change Conference. An international communiqué is signed calling on world leaders to develop policies and take action to enable the commercial and industrial sector to reduce emissions carbon dioxide, and soften climate change. An international communiqué has been signed calling on world leaders to develop policies and take action to enable the commercial and industrial sector to reduce carbon emissions and mitigate climate change.

May 24 European Parks Day On May 24, 1909, the first 9 national parks in Europe were created in Sweden. Then other parks were created, the European Federation of National and Natural Parks was formed - the EUROPARC Federation (EUROPARC Federation). The federation has declared 24 May European Day of Parks. Held for the first time in 1999, this day is now celebrated annually throughout Europe, and in last years- and in Russia. On this day, numerous events are held in and around the reserves to celebrate the natural beauty of Europe and its cultural heritage, highlighting their protection both now and in the future.

May 31 World No Tobacco Day May 31 is celebrated around the world international action World No Tobacco Day is a smoke-free day. No Tobacco Day was established in 1988 by the World Health Organization (WHO). On this day, events are held to educate the public about the dangers of tobacco use, the business practices of tobacco companies, the work of WHO in the fight against the tobacco epidemic, and what people around the world can do to claim their rights. to health and a healthy environment, and to protect future generations.

June 5 World Environment Day. Ecologist's Day of the Russian Federation Since 1973, June 5 has been celebrated annually in all UN member countries, including Russia (since 1974). WED contributes to raising public awareness of environmental issues and helps to increase the level of environmental knowledge of each person.

July 11 International Population Day This day has been celebrated since July 1987, when the world's population reached 5 billion people. The rapid growth of the world's population became a matter of serious concern to the UN in the 1960s. World population from 1960 to 1999 more than doubled, having passed the mark of 6 billion in October 1999. According to UN forecasts, in 2050, from 8 to 10.9 billion people will live on earth. Population Day is intended to draw the attention of society to the urgency and importance of solving demographic and other related problems.

August 16 International Day of Homeless Animals This day was included in the international calendar according to the proposal of the International Society for Animal Rights (ISAR) USA. This day was included in the international calendar according to the proposal of the International Society for Animal Rights (ISAR) USA. In Russia, there are about homeless animals - these are the data of the Vita animal rights center. In Russia, there are about homeless animals - these are the data of the Vita animal rights center. The problem of homeless animals is familiar to everyone. big city where the issue of building shelters for homeless animals is acute. The problem of homeless animals is familiar to every large city where the issue of building shelters for homeless animals is acute. People for a variety of reasons part with pets, family, financial, psychological ... But no matter how good and serious the reason may seem, the animal on the street is merciless! People part with pets for a variety of reasons, family, financial, psychological... But no matter how good and serious the reason for throwing an animal into the street may seem, it is merciless! And if some people act cruelly, then there must be others who will show mercy, help, care. And if some people act cruelly, then there must be others who will show mercy, help, care.

September 11 is the birthday of the World Wildlife Fund September 11 is the birthday of the World Wildlife Fund September 11, 1961 in the small Swiss town of Morge, where the headquarters of the International Union for Conservation of Nature, WWF arose, the purpose of which was proclaimed the preservation of life on Earth. Founded by a community of prominent businessmen, scientists and government leaders, with the support of Prince Bernard of the Netherlands and the Duke of Edinburgh, WWF has grown into an influential and independent international organization. In 1962, the foundation appealed to all countries to sign the "World Charter for the Conservation of Wild Animals"

World Charter for the Conservation of Wild Animals 1. Prevent any further destruction of wild animals; 2. Allocate the necessary territories for the conservation and reproduction of wild animals; 3. Protect all wildlife from intentional or unintentional acts of cruelty; 4. Promote the development in children of a sense of love for nature, teach them to understand it; 5. To bring to the consciousness of all those who, in their activities, are in direct contact with nature, that they have a huge responsibility in relation to the preservation of nature in its original state; 6. Organize aid to those nations which have the urgent task of preserving their wild animals; 7. Make joint efforts to save wild animals of all countries of the world. 1. Prevent any further destruction of wild animals; 2. Allocate the necessary territories for the conservation and reproduction of wild animals; 3. Protect all wildlife from intentional or unintentional acts of cruelty; 4. Promote the development in children of a sense of love for nature, teach them to understand it; 5. To bring to the consciousness of all those who, in their activities, are in direct contact with nature, that they have a huge responsibility in relation to the preservation of nature in its original state; 6. Organize aid to those nations which have the urgent task of preserving their wild animals; 7. Make joint efforts to save wild animals of all countries of the world.

September 15 Greenpeace Birthday GREENPEACE - "Green World" - the most famous independent international public organization. Greenpeace fights against nuclear tests, environmental pollution with industrial waste, the destruction of rare species of animals and plants, deforestation, and so on. Greenpeace was founded in 1971 in Canada. Then a small group of people rented a battered ship and went on it to the area of the US test site on the island of Amchitka (Alaska) to protest against nuclear tests, after which the US refused to use this test site.

October 2 World Pet Day World Pet Day has been celebrated every year since 1983 on October 2, the birthday of Mahatma Gandhi, the foremost fighter for the humane treatment of pets. The purpose of the celebration of this day is to discover, tell and achieve a future reduction in the unnecessary suffering and death of billions of cows, pigs and other domestic animals in livestock enterprises and slaughterhouses.

October 4 World Animal Day World Animal Day is usually celebrated on the day of the death of St. Francis, a respected Catholic saint who was considered the patron saint of all defenseless, including animals. The decision on the annual celebration of this day on October 4 was made back in 1931 by the participants of the International Congress of Advocates of the Movement for the Protection of Nature, which took place in Italy. This decision was supported by organizations created to protect animals in different countries of the world, and they hold various events on this day in order to increase public awareness and activity of citizens regarding the protection of animals.

October 5 Day of the International Union for Conservation of Nature 5 October Day of the International Union for Conservation of Nature The International Union for the Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources (IUCN), an international non-governmental organization in consultative status with UNESCO. Established in 1948, it unites more than 600 national scientific, government and other institutions and organizations from 130 countries. The supreme body is the General Assembly. Since 1979, the official policy document of the IUCN is the World Conservation Strategy. Headquartered in Gland, Switzerland The organization has observer status at the UN General Assembly.

October 6 World Habitat Day Habitat Day is celebrated on October 6 around the world. This holiday was approved in 1979 under the Convention for the Protection of Wild Fauna and Flora and Natural Habitats in Europe. Man, by his activity, has long been influencing nature, changing it. Every year in the world more and more territories are moving into the category of farmland, pastures, undergoing changes due to the growth of cities, mining, construction of factories and other objects of the national economy.

October 16 World Food Day It was decided to celebrate World Food Day every year in 1979 at a conference of the Food and Agricultural Organization of the United Nations (Food and Agricultural Organization, FAO). The date - October 16 - was timed to coincide with the founding day of the FAO. The purpose of World Food Day is to raise public awareness of the world food problem and strengthen solidarity in the fight against hunger, malnutrition and poverty. For many countries, especially the third world, the main problem is the lack of food. According to FAO experts, there are 800 million hungry people in the world. 62 million people face emergencies due to hunger, lack of food or malnutrition.

November 15 Recycling Day Over the past 30 years, humanity has spent a third of the resources available on Earth. Every year, resource consumption increases by one and a half percent. In this century, the population of the Earth has increased by 4 times, the volume of industrial production has increased by almost 20 times. Currently, about 80 billion tons of garbage have been accumulated in the dumps. And these mountains are growing because only a third of the by-products are processed. Today, the issue of recycling waste is again on the agenda. The "second life" of waste helps to save a significant amount of raw materials and energy.

December 1 World AIDS Day The world learned about a new disease in 1978, but it was not until 1982 that the name AIDS, Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome, was used for the first time. World AIDS Day was first observed on December 1, 1988, after a meeting of ministers of health from all over the world called for social tolerance and increased information sharing on HIV/AIDS. In April 1991, to draw public attention to the problem of AIDS, artist Frank Moore creates a red ribbon - the official international symbol of the fight against AIDS. Very quickly, the red ribbon became a symbol of the fight against AIDS, popular in the widest sections of society.

November 29 is the day of the creation of the All-Russian Society for the Protection of Nature (VOOP) At the initiative of Russian scientists, public and statesmen in 1924, the All-Russian Society for the Protection of Nature was created - the largest public environmental organization in Russia. The purpose of creating the All-Russian Society for the Protection of Nature was the need for a voluntary association of scientific forces and the most progressive-minded public for the restoration and rational use of the country's natural resources, undermined by ruthless exploitation, civil war and ruin. Since 1960, the WOOP has been a member of the International Union for the Conservation of Nature (IUCN).

December 29 International Day for Biological Diversity International Day for Biodiversity has been celebrated since 1993. Its main goal is to draw the attention of the inhabitants of the planet to the need to preserve the biological diversity of life on Earth. In 1966, data on extinct and endangered species of animals were published under the title "Red Book". The list of endangered animal species, unfortunately, is growing. But there is also reason for optimism: there are “green pages” in the Red Book. Species saved from extermination are brought there.

Initiated by the Center for Wildlife Conservation and the World Wildlife Fund.

On this day (December 29, old style) in 1916, the first specially protected natural area (PA) was formed in Russia - the Barguzinsky Reserve in the Trans-Baikal Region.

Currently, the system of protected areas in Russia includes 103 federal state nature reserves; 48 federal national parks; 64 state nature reserves of federal significance; 2261 state nature reserves of regional importance; 7745 natural monuments; 64 natural parks of regional importance.
In addition, more than 2,300 protected areas of other categories of regional and local (municipal) significance have been created.

The total area of all the above protected areas is 206.7 million hectares (including land with inland waters - 195.5 million hectares) or 11.4% of the entire territory of the country).

The following tasks are assigned to state nature reserves: protection of natural areas in order to preserve biological diversity and maintain protected natural complexes and objects in their natural state; organization and conduct of scientific research, including the maintenance of the Chronicle of Nature; implementation of state environmental monitoring (state monitoring of the environment); environmental education and development of cognitive tourism; assistance in the training of scientific personnel and specialists in the field of environmental protection".

National parks are a relatively new form of specially protected natural area for Russia. The first national parks appeared in the USSR in the 1970s. According to the Federal Law "On Specially Protected Natural Territories", national parks are classified as specially protected natural territories of federal significance. Within the boundaries of national parks, zones are distinguished in which the natural environment is preserved in its natural state and any activity not provided for by federal legislation is prohibited, and zones in which economic and other activities are restricted in order to preserve natural and cultural heritage sites and use them for recreational purposes.

The following main tasks are assigned to national parks: preservation of natural complexes, unique and standard natural sites and objects; preservation of historical and cultural objects; environmental education of the population; creation of conditions for regulated tourism and recreation; development and implementation of scientific methods of nature protection and environmental education; implementation of state environmental monitoring (state monitoring of the environment); restoration of disturbed natural and historical-cultural complexes and objects.

In the Russian Federation, the creation of specially protected natural areas is an effective form of environmental protection. By the end of 2020, it is planned to create 9 more nature reserves, 12 national parks and 2 federal reserves.

The material was prepared on the basis of information from RIA Novosti and open sources