requirements for a scientist. Requirements for an educational institution. Hygienic requirements for maximum educational load
1. About application area
This standard applies to the development of teaching aids in disciplines of any profile.
The standard sets uniform requirements to the structure and form of presentation of teaching aids.
The standard is intended for university professors who develop educational and theoretical publications.
2. About general provisions
Tutorial- educational and theoretical publication, officially approved as this type of publication, partially or completely replacing or supplementing the textbook. The textbook serves as one of the main sources of knowledge on a particular academic discipline and is intended for independent assimilation by students.
Target study guide - organization independent work students to master the theoretical material of the discipline.
Tasks of the tutorial:
- presentation of the system of knowledge on the academic discipline (its part, section)*;
- disclosure of course content in a form convenient for study and assimilation;
- control cognitive activity students.
The main functions performed by the tutorial:
- informational and educational;
- reference;
- stimulating or motivational;
- self-education;
- self-control or consolidation of knowledge;
- educational.
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* - in some cases (when included in the program of the discipline new topic, the emergence of new scientific data on the topic) a tutorial can be prepared on one topic. The requirements for the content and design of such a manual are similar to the above requirements.
Requirements for the study guide:
- systematic, logical and consistent presentation of knowledge in a particular academic discipline;
- scientific character, compliance of the information presented current state sciences and cultures: disclosure of the main theories, laws, scientific explanation phenomena, facts, causal relationships, etc.;
- reliability, reliability of information, the inclusion of well-established knowledge of the basics of science;
- accuracy in defining concepts and characterizing terms;
- observance of the principle of succession: content educational material should be based on the previously studied, with a gradual increase in the complexity of the information presented, with a demonstration of intradisciplinary and interdisciplinary connections;
- connection between theory and practice;
- the unity of the concrete and the abstract;
- clarity of structure, "portioning" of the material presented - division educational information into parts, sections, chapters, paragraphs;
- accessibility of presentation;
- compliance of the language and style of presentation with the norms of Russian literary speech;
- conciseness and expressiveness;
- orientation to the activation of independent work of students;
- ensuring the motivation of learning, the formation and maintenance of the internal motivation of the stimulating student for active creative work.
- The textbook must be at least5 p.l ., which is approximately 120 pages of A4 format, typed at one and a half intervals, size 13-14.
3. With textbook structure
3.1 Elements of the study guide: cover, title page, flip side title page, main text, reference apparatus, questions to consolidate the material (can be presented separately or in the main text after each section).
3.1.1. The cover should contain the following elements:
- title;
- place and year of publication.
3.1.2. The title page must include the following elements:
- full name of the ministry, university;
- information about the author (s): initials, surname;
- name of the academic discipline;
- a stamp allowing (approving, allowing or recommending) the use of this publication as a teaching aid for students studying in the relevant specialty (specialties);
- place and year of publication.
The reverse side of the title page includes the following elements:
- information about reviewers;
- bibliographic description;
- annotation for the textbook;
- copyright protection sign indicating full name author(s), year of publication.
3.1.3. The main text of the textbook is the direct result of the author's creativity; verbal material, didactically and methodically processed and systematized by the author, reflecting the content of the course or part of it.
3.1.3.1. Depending on the functions performed, the main text may include epistemological and instrumental-practical texts.
3.1.3.1.1. Theoretical-cognitive texts perform an informational function and include the following elements:
- basic concepts and their definitions;
- basic terms and language of a specific area scientific knowledge and the specialized activity that the discipline represents;
- basic laws, regularities and their consequences;
- characteristics of the development of leading ideas and promising directions;
- basic facts (phenomena, objects, processes, events, experiences);
- materials that are the basis for the formation of the personality of a specialist, his worldview;
- findings.
3.1.3.1.2. Instrumental-practical texts perform transformative, transformational functions of applying the acquired knowledge and include the following pages of the manual, where these objects are considered or mentioned. The purpose of the index is the most complete disclosure of the content of the textbook, providing an operational search for information (basic concepts, ideas, facts, names, etc.) in it.
3.1.4. The reference apparatus can be represented by the main types of indexes: nominal, subject, chronological, indexes of formulas, symbols and other designations; thematic and systematic.
3.1.4.1. The name index (name index) contains an alphabetical list of surnames with initials or other designations of names (pseudonyms, nicknames, etc.) indicating the number of pages of the textbook on which this surname occurs. Varieties of the name index: index of authors, index of collectives, index of organizations, index of personalities.
3.1.4.2. The subject index (alphabetical-subject index) contains an alphabetical list of subjects considered in the textbook. Varieties of subject index: geographical or index geographical names, index of terms, index of minerals and others.
3.1.4.3. The chronological index presents the material (time periods: years, centuries, epochs) of the textbook in time sequence, with a link to the corresponding pages. Usually the index gives a chronology of events or dates significant events in the lives of individuals.
3.1.4.4. Index of symbols, formulas and other notations. The various formulas, symbols, and other designations in this index are in alphabetical order, if they are alphabetic, or in order of importance. If such an arrangement is not possible, they are systematized in accordance with the serial numbering of the pages on which they are placed.
3.1.4.5. Thematic and systematic indexes reflect the content of the textbook on major key topics. The subject index is an alphabetical list of subject headings with links to the relevant pages. The systematic index contains rubrics arranged in hierarchical rather than alphabetical order and also links to the corresponding pages of the study guide.
3.1.4.6. Applications - part of the reference apparatus of the textbook, containing supporting information of a scientific and reference nature, explaining, commenting on or supplementing the main text.
9. Sanitary and hygienic requirements for the premises of educational institutions. Educational, training-industrial and educational-sports facilities.
Educational premises are not located in the basement and basement floors of the building.
Floors of the building educational institution should not exceed 3 floors.
Wardrobes are located on the 1st floor with the obligatory equipment of cells for each class. Wardrobes are equipped with hangers for clothes and cells for shoes. Wardrobes should not be arranged in educational premises and recreation.
The set of premises creates the conditions for the study of compulsory academic disciplines(taking into account national and regional specifics), as well as additional subjects at the choice of students in accordance with their interests and differentiation in areas for in-depth study of one - two - three subjects. Classrooms should not be located near premises that are sources of noise and odors (workshops, sports and assembly halls, catering facilities).
Educational premises include: a working area (placement of study tables for students), a teacher's working area, additional space for placing educational and visual aids, technical teaching aids (TUT), an area for individual studies of students and possible vigorous activity.
The area of the cabinets is taken at the rate of 2.5 sq. m per 1 student with frontal forms of classes, 3.5 sq. m - with group forms of work and individual lessons.
The area and use of computer science rooms must comply with the hygienic requirements for video display terminals, personal electronic computers and work organization.
The optimal dimensions of the students' working area depend on the visibility angle (associated with the distance from the board to the first side rows - desks). At each office or group of 2 - 3 offices, a laboratory assistant is organized (the presence of a laboratory assistant is obligatory in the classrooms of chemistry, physics, biology, computer science).
The gym should be located on the 1st floor in the annex. Its size provides for the implementation of a full program of physical education and the possibility of extracurricular sports activities.
The number and types of sports halls are provided depending on the type of educational institution and its capacity. The areas of sports halls are accepted as 9 x 18 m, 12 x 24 m, 18 x 30 m with a height of at least 6 m.
When sports halls should be provided shell, an area of 16 - 32 square meters. m depending on the area of the gym; dressing rooms for boys and girls, with an area of 10.5 sq. m each; showers, 9 sq. m each; latrines for girls and boys, with an area of 8 sq. m each; room for the instructor, an area of 9 sq. m. The composition of the premises for physical culture and sports purposes must include a room (zone) equipped with training devices, as well as, if possible, a swimming pool.
Depending on the purpose of the classrooms, student tables (single and double), classroom, drawing or laboratory tables can be used. The table arrangement is usually three-row, but two-row or single-row (interlocked) table arrangements are possible.
Each student is provided with a comfortable workplace at a desk or table in accordance with his height and the state of sight and hearing. For the selection of furniture according to the growth of students, its color marking is made. Stools or benches are not used instead of chairs.
Desks (tables) are placed in classrooms by numbers: smaller ones are closer to the blackboard, larger ones are farther away. For children with impaired hearing and vision, desks, regardless of their number, are placed first, and students with reduced visual acuity should be placed in the first row from the windows. Children who often suffer from acute respiratory infections, tonsillitis, colds should be seated further from the outer wall.
When equipping classrooms, the following dimensions of aisles and distances between pieces of equipment in cm are observed:
between rows of double tables - at least 60;
between a row of tables and an outer longitudinal wall - at least 50 - 70;
between a row of tables and an internal longitudinal wall (partition) or cabinets along this wall - at least 50 - 70;
from the last tables to the wall (partition) opposite the blackboard - at least 70, from the back wall, which is external - at least 100, and if there are reverse classes - 120;
from the demonstration table to the training board - at least 100;
from the first desk to the training board - 2.4 - 2.7 m;
the greatest distance of the last place of the student from the educational board - 860;
the height of the lower edge of the training board above the floor - 80 - 90;
the angle of visibility of the board (from the edge of the board 3 m long to the middle of the extreme place of the student at the front table) must be at least 35 degrees for students of levels II-III and at least 45 degrees for children 6-7 years old.
Physics and chemistry classrooms should be equipped with special demonstration tables, where project equipment control panels, water supply, electricity, sewerage are provided. To ensure better visibility of educational visual aids, it is recommended to install the demonstration table on a podium. In the classrooms of physics and chemistry, double student laboratory tables (with and without a superstructure) are installed with power supply, compressed air (physics laboratory). The chemistry laboratory is equipped with fume hoods located at the outer wall near the teacher's table.
In the workshops for labor training, the placement of equipment is carried out taking into account the creation of favorable conditions for visual work, maintaining the correct working posture and preventing injuries. Carpentry workshops are equipped with workbenches placed either at an angle of 45 degrees to the window, or in 3 rows perpendicular to the light-bearing wall so that the light falls on the left, the distance between them should be at least 80 cm in the front - back direction. In locksmith workshops, both left-hand and right-hand lighting is allowed with a perpendicular arrangement of workbenches to the light-bearing wall. The distance between the rows of single workbenches is at least 1.0 m, double - 1.5 m. The vise is attached to the workbenches at a distance of 0.9 m between their axes. Locksmith workbenches should be equipped with a safety net, 0.65 - 0.7 m high. Drilling, grinding and other machines should be installed on a special foundation and equipped with safety nets, glass and local lighting. Tools used for carpentry and locksmith work must be age appropriate for students. Washbasins and electric towels are installed in locksmith and carpentry workshops and service work rooms. In each office (workshop) for first aid should be first aid kits. All work is performed by students in special clothes (robe, apron, beret, scarf). Protective goggles must be worn when performing work that poses a risk of injury to the eyes.
The walls of classrooms must be smooth, allowing them to be cleaned with a wet method.
The floors must be without gaps and have a plank, parquet or linoleum flooring on an insulated base. The floors of toilets and washrooms should be lined with polished ceramic or mosaic tiles; do not use cement, marble or other similar materials.
10. Requirements for classrooms equipped with technical teaching aids and computer equipment. The impact of computers and mobile communications on the health of students.
Premises in which computer classrooms are located must be equipped in accordance with the Sanitary Rules and Norms. “Hygienic requirements for personal electronic computers. SanPiN 2.2.2/2.4.1340-03". The premises should have natural and artificial lighting. The location of workplaces with computers is not allowed in basements and basements.
Windows in rooms where computer equipment is used should mainly be oriented to the north and northeast.
Window openings must be equipped with adjustable devices such as blinds, curtains, external visors, etc.
area for one workplace users of a PC with a VDT based on a cathode ray tube (CRT) in the classroom should be at least 6.0 sq. m, and with a duration of less than 4 hours a day, a minimum area of 4.5 sq. m.
Premises with a PC should be equipped with heating, air conditioning or efficient supply and exhaust ventilation systems.
In the premises equipped with a PC, daily wet cleaning and systematic ventilation are carried out after each hour of work on the PC.
The floor surface in the PC operating rooms must be flat, without potholes, non-slip, easy to clean and wet cleaning, and have antistatic properties.
Noisy equipment (printing device, servers, etc.), whose noise levels exceed the normative ones, should be located outside the premises with a PC.
The working chair (armchair) must be lifting and swivel, adjustable in height and inclination angles of the seat and back.
Upon entering class computer equipment should be equipped with built-in or wall cabinets (shelves) for storing student briefcases and bags.
Completion of a computer class:
10-11 computers, the location of which complies with sanitary and technical standards (at the rate of 6 sq. m with a ceiling height of 3 m per 1 workplace);
columns (if necessary);
printer with acceptable noise level (if necessary);
projector (if necessary);
scanner (if necessary);
equipment for organizing a local network;
software;
educational and methodical literature necessary to ensure a full-fledged educational process;
marker board.
The computer lab should be equipped
fire extinguishing means;
local lighting lamps (if necessary);
methodological information stand;
information stand (in the corridor at the entrance to the classroom);
alarm system;
air conditioners (if necessary);
medical kit.
In the computer class, blinds and swing bars are installed on the windows.
The methodological information stand should contain:
safety instructions and work rules;
sets of exercises for gymnastics, physical culture breaks, minutes, eyes;
lists of Internet links to electronic sources (which are allowed access from the class) for additional information on the disciplines taught in the class;
answers to the most frequently asked questions.
The information stand must contain:
class schedule;
schedule of independent work in the classroom;
current teacher announcements;
schedule of teacher consultations;
additional information materials (if necessary).
Options for the impact of EMF on bioecosystems, including humans, are diverse: continuous and intermittent, general and local, combined from several sources and combined with other adverse environmental factors, etc.
The following EMF parameters influence the biological response:
EMF intensity (value);
radiation frequency;
duration of irradiation;
signal modulation;
combination of EMF frequencies,
frequency of action.
The combination of the above parameters can have significantly different consequences for the response of the irradiated biological object.
In the vast majority of cases, irradiation occurs with fields
relatively low levels, the effects listed below apply to
such cases.
Numerous studies in the field of the biological action of EMF will make it possible to determine the most sensitive systems of the human body: nervous, immune, endocrine and reproductive. These body systems are critical. The reactions of these systems must be taken into account when assessing the risk of EMF exposure to the population. The biological effect of EMF accumulates under conditions of long-term long-term exposure, as a result, the development of long-term consequences is possible, including degenerative processes of the central nervous system, blood cancer (leukemia), brain tumors, hormonal diseases.
EMF can be especially dangerous for children, pregnant women (embryo), people with diseases of the central nervous, hormonal, cardiovascular system, allergy sufferers, people with weakened immune systems.
2.9.1. In accordance with Art. 28 of the Federal Law "On the sanitary and epidemiological well-being of the population" programs, methods and modes of education and training, in terms of hygiene requirements, are allowed for use if there is a sanitary and epidemiological conclusion on compliance with their sanitary rules.
Hygienic requirements for maximum educational load
| Classes | Maximum allowable weekly load in hours | |
| At 6 day week | At 5 day week | |
| 1 | - | 20 |
| 2 - 4 | 25 | 22 |
| 5 | 31 | 28 |
| 6 | 32 | 29 |
| 7 | 34 | 31 |
| 8 - 9 | 35 | 32 |
| 10 - 11 | 36 | 33 |
Hours of optional, group and individual lessons should be included in the volume of the maximum allowable load. With a 35-minute lesson in grades 2-4, the maximum allowable weekly load for a 6-day school week is 27 hours, for a 5-day school week - 25 hours.
2.9.2. The duration of the school week for students in grades 5-11 depends on the volume of the week and is determined in accordance with Table.
2.9.3. Lesson duration should not exceed 45 minutes.
2.9.4. In the 1st grade, children of the 8th or 7th year of life are accepted at the discretion of the parents. Admission to an educational institution of children of the 7th year of life is carried out when they reach the age of at least 6 years 6 months by September 1 of the academic year. Admission of children to the 1st grade is carried out on the basis of the conclusion of the psychological, medical and pedagogical commission (consultation) on the child's readiness for learning. The education of children under 6.5 years of age by the beginning of the school year should be carried out in the conditions of an educational institution in compliance with all hygienic requirements for organizing the education of children from the age of six. Education of children in the 1st grade should be carried out in compliance with the following requirements:
- training sessions are held only in the first shift;
- 5-day study week;
- organization of a facilitated school day in the middle of the school week;
- no more than 4 lessons per day;
- the duration of the lessons - no more than 35 minutes;
- organization in the middle of the school day of a dynamic pause lasting at least 40 minutes;
- use of "stepped" mode of training in the first half of the year;
- organization of daytime sleep, 3 meals a day and walks for children attending an extended day group;
- learning without homework and scoring of students' knowledge;
- additional weekly holidays in the middle of the third quarter.
2.9.5. For health purposes and to facilitate the process of adaptation of children to the requirements of a general education institution in the 1st grade, a "stepped" method of gradually increasing the teaching load is used:
- in September, October - 3 lessons of 35 minutes each;
- from the second quarter - 4 lessons of 35 minutes each.
2.9.6. Density in elementary grades academic work students in the lessons in the main subjects should not exceed 80%. In order to prevent fatigue, impaired posture, and vision, physical education sessions and eye gymnastics are held for students in the classroom when teaching writing, reading, and mathematics (Appendices 2 and 3).
2.9.7. For health purposes, general educational institutions create conditions to meet the biological needs of students in motion. This need can be met through the daily physical activity of students in the amount of at least 2 hours. training sessions, physical education minutes in the classroom, outdoor games during breaks, a sports hour in an extended day, physical education lessons, extracurricular sports activities and competitions, health days, independent physical education classes. For the same purpose in the school component curricula for students of the first stage, it is recommended to include subjects of a motor-active nature (choreography, rhythm, modern and ballroom dancing, teaching traditional and national sports games, etc.).
2.9.8. Classes should start no earlier than 8 hours, without zero lessons. In general educational institutions with in-depth study of individual subjects, lyceums and gymnasiums, training is carried out only in the first shift. In general educational institutions working in several shifts, education of 1st, 5th, graduation and compensatory classes should be organized in the first shift.
2.9.9. In classes of compensatory education, the number of students should not exceed 20 people. The duration of the lessons in such classes is no more than 40 minutes. Correctional and developmental classes are included in the volume of the maximum allowable weekly load established for students of each age. Regardless of the duration of the school week, the number of lessons per day should be no more than 5 - in primary grades and no more than 6 - in grades 5-11. To prevent fatigue and maintain an optimal level of performance during the week, students in compensatory classes should have a lightened school day in the middle of the week (Wednesday). In order to rehabilitate health and reduce the time for adaptation to the requirements of a general educational institution, students of compensatory classes are provided in the institution with the necessary medical psychological help(psychologist, pediatrician, speech therapist), specially trained teachers, technical and visual aids, involvement of parents in the process of learning and development of children.
2.9.10. In small-scale general education institutions, the formation of classes - sets is determined by specific conditions and depends on the number of students and teachers. Optimal is the separate training of students of the first stage of different ages. It is allowed to combine students of the 1st stage into a class - a set, while giving preference to the formation of two combined classes - sets. It is optimal to combine students of grades 1 and 3 (1 + 3), grades 2 and 3 (2 + 3), grades 2 and 4 (2 + 4) into one set. To prevent fatigue of students, it is necessary to reduce the duration of combined (especially 4th and 5th) lessons by 5-10 minutes. (except for the physical education class). If it is necessary to combine students of grades 1, 2, 3, 4 into one set, a sliding schedule of classes for children of different ages should be used in order to create conditions for conducting part of the lessons in each class without combining (compliance with this requirement is especially necessary for first graders) (Appendix. 5). In institutions where programmed learning using sound equipment is used from the 2nd grade, the maximum permissible duration of the work of children with program materials must be observed: in writing lessons in the 2nd grade - no more than 20 minutes, in the 3rd - no more than 25 minutes; at mathematics lessons in the 2nd grade - no more than 15 minutes, in the 3rd - no more than 20 minutes. In reading lessons, the use of sound technical means is permissible only as sound visual aids. Regardless of the level of education, the occupancy of two-class sets should be no more than 25, and when three or four classes are combined into one set, no more than 15 children.
2.9.11. When using audiovisual TCO in educational institutions, the duration of their continuous use in educational process set according to Table 4.
The duration of continuous use in the classroom of various technical teaching aids
| Classes | Viewing time (min.) | ||
| filmstrips, transparencies |
movies | TV shows | |
| 1 - 2 | 7 - 15 | 15 - 20 | 15 |
| 3 - 4 | 15 - 20 | 15 - 20 | 20 |
| 5 - 7 | 20 - 25 | 20 - 25 | 20 - 25 |
| 8 - 11 | - | 25 - 30 | 25 - 30 |
During the week, the number of lessons with the use of TCO should not exceed 3-4 for students of the first stage, 4-6 for students of the II and III stages.
2.9.12. When using computer technology in the classroom, the continuous duration of classes directly with the video display terminal (VDT) and the implementation of preventive measures must comply with the hygienic requirements for video display terminals and personal electronic computers. After classes with VDT, it is necessary to carry out gymnastics for the eyes, which is performed at the workplace (Appendix 5).
2.9.13. In the classroom, work should alternate tasks of various nature. You should not perform one type of activity in the lesson throughout the entire time of independent work. Total duration practical work for students in grades 1-2 - 20-25 minutes, for students in grades 3-4 - 30-35 minutes.
The duration of continuous work with paper, cardboard, fabric for first-graders is no more than 5 minutes, for students in 2-3 - 5-7 minutes, for students in 4 - 10 minutes, and when working with wood and wire - no more 4-5 minutes. The duration of practical work in labor lessons for students in grades 5-7 should not exceed 65% of the class time. The duration of continuous work on the main labor operations for students in the 5th grade is no more than 10 minutes, in the 6th grade - 12 minutes, in the 7th grade - 16 minutes.
2.9.14. The schedule of lessons is compiled separately for compulsory and optional classes. Extracurricular activities should be scheduled on the days with the fewest compulsory lessons. Between the start of electives and last lesson compulsory classes, a break of 45 minutes is arranged.
2.9.15. There are no double lessons in the elementary grades. For students in grades 5-9, double lessons are allowed for laboratory, control works, lessons of labor, physical education for the intended purpose (skiing, swimming). Double lessons in basic and specialized subjects for students in grades 5-9 are allowed provided they are carried out after a physical education lesson or a dynamic pause of at least 30 minutes. In grades 10-11, double lessons are allowed in basic and specialized subjects.
2.9.16. When scheduling lessons, it is necessary to alternate during the day and week for students of the first stage the main subjects with lessons, visual arts, labor, physical education, and for students of the II and III stages of education - subjects of the natural, mathematical and humanitarian cycles.
2.9.17. The schedule of lessons is built taking into account the course of the daily and weekly curve of the mental performance of students (Appendix 6).
2.9.18. The duration of breaks between lessons is at least 10 minutes, a long break (after 2 or 3 lessons) - 30 minutes: instead of one big break, it is allowed to arrange two breaks of 20 minutes each after 2 and 3 lessons. Changes must be carried out with the maximum use of fresh air, in outdoor games. When conducting a daily dynamic pause, it is allowed to extend the long break up to 45 minutes, of which at least 30 minutes are allotted for the organization of motor-active activities of students on the sports ground of the institution, in the gym or in recreations equipped with simulators.
2.9.19. Homework assignments are given to students, taking into account the possibility of their completion within the following limits: in grade 1 (from the second half of the year) - up to 1 hour, in grade 2 - up to 1.5 hours, in grades 3-4 - up to 2 hours, at 5 -6th - up to 2.5 hours, at 7-8th - up to 3 hours, at 9-11th - up to 4 hours.
2.9.20. The work of extended day groups is built in accordance with the current requirements of the Ministry of Health of Russia for the organization and mode of operation of extended day groups. In extended day groups, the duration of a walk for students of the 1st stage is at least 2 hours, for students of the 2nd stage - at least 1.5 hours. Self-training should begin at 16:00. The duration of self-study is determined by the class of study, respectively, p.
2.9.20. The best combination of activities for children in after-school groups is their physical activity in the air before the start of self-training (walk, moving and sport games, socially useful work at the site of a general educational institution), and after self-training - participation in emotional events (classes in circles, games, attending entertainment events, preparing and holding amateur concerts, quizzes, etc.).
Teacher-organizer of OBZH Degtyarev A.I.,
TEACHER OF THE HIGHER CATEGORY, VETERAN OF LABOR
Availability of regulatory school documentation for the opening and
functioning study room:
order to open a study room and its functioning to ensure conditions successful implementation educational program
(according to the profile of the office);
order for the appointment of office and laboratory assistant, their functional
Responsibilities (according to the profile of the cabinet):
the passport of the office, issued with an indication of the functional purpose, the equipment and devices available in it. technical aids, visual aids, textbooks, teaching aids, didactic materials, etc.;
inventory and defective list for existing equipment and inventory;
safety rules for working in the office;
rules for using the classroom by students;
an act of acceptance of the study room by the school administration in order to prepare the study room for functioning;
decision protocol methodological commission of the school on the readiness of the classroom to provide conditions for the implementation of the educational program
(according to the profile of the cabinet) for a specific academic year;
work plan of the study room for the academic year and perspective;
journal of registration of the functioning of the study room for the implementation of the work plan for the academic year;
the conclusions of the methodological commission on the readiness of software, educational and methodological complexes of teaching aids (thematic planning,
didactic materials, reference notes, diagrams, still pictures, slides,
tables, answer plans, etc.) in the office for the successful implementation of the educational program of the school (according to the profile of the office);
analytical material on the implementation of the educational program on the profile of the cabinet in the current academic year;
self-analysis of the work of the office by the teacher;
planned measures to eliminate identified shortcomings in the work of the Cabinet.
1.2. Compliance with safety regulations and sanitary and hygienic standards in the classroom.
1.3. Compliance with aesthetic requirements for the design of the classroom:
the optimal expediency of space organization (the place of the teacher, student places, the presence of a tribune, a podium for a number of subject rooms, etc.);
the presence of permanent and replaceable educational and information stands, photographic materials, textbook materials, etc. (according to the work plan of the classroom).
2. Requirements for educational and methodological support of the classroom
2.1. The staffing of the classroom with educational equipment, educational and methodological complex, a set of teaching aids necessary for the implementation of the educational program of the school.
2.2. Compliance of the educational and methodological complex and a set of teaching aids according to the profile of the cabinet with the requirements of the education standard and the educational program.
2.3. Availability of a set of didactic materials for typical tasks (tests,
tests, essays. essays and other materials for diagnosing the quality of education and educational process(according to the profile of the office).
2.4. Equipped with training tools to ensure variable program, programs additional education framedxoffice functioning.
3. Provision of conditions for students to successfully fulfill the requirements for educational preparation on the basis of the classroom
3.1. Provision of textbooks, didactic materials, handouts in accordance with educational program schools.
3.2. Open and visual presentation to students of the minimum required content of education and requirements for the level of compulsory training (education standard).
3.3. Open and visual presentation to students of samples of measuring instruments for fulfilling the requirements of the educational standard.
3.4. Providing students with a set of standard tasks, tests, essays, tests, etc. to diagnose the fulfillment of the requirements of the basic and advanced levels of the educational standard.
3.5. Poster material of the study room: examples of successful fulfillment by students of the requirements of educational standards, analysis common mistakes, the results of an intellectual marathon, olympiads, competitions, students performing creative tasks
and etc.
3.6. Classroom Poster Material: Guidelines for Students on Designing Their learning activities, on the implementation of the program for the development of social skills, on the organization and performance of homework, on preparation for various forms of educational and cognitive activities (workshop, seminar, laboratory work, testing, test, colloquium, interview, exam, etc.).
3.7 . The screen of the effectiveness of the implementation of the educational standard by students.
3.8. Schedule of the study room for the compulsory program, extracurricular activities, additional education program, individual lessons with the lagging behind, with the gifted. students, consultations, etc.
3.9. Samples of individual curricula, student programs, results and analysis of their implementation according to the profile of the cabinet.
3.10. Evaluation of the activities of the classroom by students.
4. Requirements for planning and organization of work
educational office for creating optimal conditions
for the successful implementation of the educational program of the school, transferring it to the mode of operation as a developing and developing school
4.1. Unconditional fulfillment by teachers and students of the requirements of the educational standard.
4.2. Development and implementation of an individual educational program
(according to the profile of the study room).
4.3. Implementation of the methodology of developmental education.
4.4. Differentiation of learning.
4.5. Humanitarianization of education.
5. Sanitary and hygienic requirements for classrooms
5.1. Placement of student tables (desks) in the office. In classrooms of the usual rectangular configuration, TABLES are placed in three rows with the necessary illumination of workplaces, gaps between rows of desks (tables) and walls. AtTHIS the following distance must be maintained:
from the outer wall to the first row of desks (tables) - at least 0.5 m;
from the inner wall to the third row - 0.5 m;
from the back wall to the last desks (tables) - 0.65 m;
from the blackboard to the first desks (tables) -2m;
from the blackboard to the last desk (table) - no more than 8 m;
between rows - 0.6 m.
In each class, in accordance with the number of height groups, it is necessary to place furniture at least three different groups (rooms).
For schoolchildren, a growth scale was adopted with an interval of 15 cm. In accordance
with this scale, desks and sets of student tables with chairs of six numbers are made.
Dimensions of desks, student tables and chairs
meleucorrhea
Group
Growth group, cm
Height of student-facing tabletop (above the floor, in cm)
Height of the front edge of the seat (above the floor, in cm)
Color coding
table
Group
tables
chairs
Group
chairs
furniture
Group
furniture
100- 115
46,0
26,0
Orange
115-130
52,0
54,0
30,0
32,0
Violet
Yellow
130- 145
58,0
60,0
34,0
36,0
Yellow
Red
145- 160
64,0
66,0
38,0
40,0
Red
Blue
160- 175
70,0
72,0
42,0
44,0
Green
Green
From 175
76,0
78,0
46,0
48,0
Blue
Classrooms for students of the 5th grade are equipped with double student tables, while the number of stolons of each number is determined by the number of cabinets per subject. For the equipment of classrooms, most of all furniture of groups B, C and D is required. The approximate distribution of furniture by class is presented in the table.
Distribution of furniture by class
Class№ furniture
8 I
The seating of students should be done by teachers and class teachers under the guidance of a doctor (nurse) after measuring the height of students (in shoes) at the beginning of each academic year.
According to hygienic requirements, workplaces in classrooms in classrooms behind the first and second desks in any row should be assigned to students with hearing loss. Visually impaired students should be seated at the front of the row by the window. With good visual acuity correction with glasses, students can sit in any row. For students with rheumatic diseases who are prone to frequent sore throats and acute inflammation of the upper respiratory tract, it is better to take jobs away from windows.
At least twice during the academic year, students sitting in the 1st and 3rd rows change places without violating the correspondence of the desk number to their height.
When equipping classrooms for students of 6 years of age, it is recommended to use preschool furniture.
When arranging in the classroom, smaller furniture is placed closer to the blackboard, and larger furniture is further away. In cases where it becomes necessary to place the furniture of large rooms closer to the blackboard, it should only be placed first in the 1st and 3rd (4th) rows.
The surface of the chalkboard should be smooth, without flaws and bulges, evenly painted over the entire area. The color of the coating can be dark green, dark brown, black. The state of visual functions, as well as the working capacity of students, are more favorable when reading and copying text written on a dark green board with bright yellow chalk. The lower edge of the chalkboard above the floor is set: for elementary school at the level of 75-80 cm. for students in grades 5-11 - 80-90 cm.
5.2. Lighting for classrooms.
Natural lighting of classrooms, classrooms. laboratories, workshops and other main premises - it is considered sufficient when the coefficient of natural light in the place farthest from the window reaches 1.75-2.0% (central Russia).
The main flow of light in classrooms should be provided only on the left side of the students. During study sessions bright light should not blind the eyes, so light openings in the wall on which the blackboard is located are not allowed. Randomly hanging posters, stands, etc. on the walls of classrooms drastically reduces the light reflection of surfaces, which is why her manuals should be hung on the wall opposite the blackboard. so that the top edge of objects is not located higher than 1.75 cm from the floor. Cabinets and other equipment should be installed against the rear wall of the room.
In drawing and drawing classrooms, the windows are optimally oriented to the north, northeast, northwest, and in biology classrooms - to the south.
The light openings of the classrooms are equipped with adjustable sun protection devices such as blinds, fabric curtains in light colors that match the color of the walls and furniture. In the non-working state, the curtains must be placed in the piers between the windows. Curtains made of PVC film are not used. Artificial lighting is just as important as natural lighting. In central Russia, at the beginning of classes at 8:30 a.m. in the first two lessons, the illumination in the workplace with natural light is insufficient. In this regard, it is necessary to turn on artificial lighting for the first two lessons.
The blackboard is illuminated by two mirror lamps installed parallel to it. These lamps are placed 0.3 m above the top edge of the board and 0.6 m towards the classroom in front of the board.
To maximize the use of daylight and uniform illumination of classrooms, it is recommended:
do not paint over window panes;
do not place flowers on window sills - they should be placed in portable flower beds 65-70 cm high from the floor or hanging planters in the window piers;
Cleaning and washing of glasses should be carried out 2 times a year (in autumn and spring).
5.3. Finishing classrooms.
For the decoration of classrooms, finishing materials and paints are used that create a matte surface with reflection coefficients:
for the ceiling - 0.7-0.8;
for walls - 0.5-0.6;
for the floor - 0.3-0.5. The following paint colors should be used:
for the walls of classrooms - light colors of yellow, beige, pink, green, blue;
for furniture (desks, tables, cabinets) - natural colors
wood or light green;
for chalkboards - dark green, dark brown;
for doors, window frames - white.
5.4. The volume of educational information transmitted by audiovisual means.
When using audiovisual technical teaching aids (AV TCO) in educational institutions, the duration of their continuous use in the educational process is set according to the table.
The duration of continuous use in the classroom of various technical teaching aids
ClassesWatch duration 1
min.)
Audio playback
(min.)
Filmstrips. transparencies
cinema, video films
educational TV shows
1-2
7-15
15-20
UP TO 15
3-4
15-20
15-20
5-7
20-25
20-25
20-25
UP TO 20
8-11
25-30
25-30
5 .5. Air-thermal regime.
The area of properly functioning transoms and vents in classrooms must be at least 1/50 of the floor area. Transoms and vents should function at any time of the year. Study rooms are ventilated during breaks.
The duration of cross-ventilation is determined by weather conditions, and cross-ventilation is carried out before and after classes.
Duration of cross-ventilation of classrooms depending on the outdoor temperature
Outdoor TemperatureDuration of room ventilation (min.
in small changes
BEI OO SPO "Bolkhov Pedagogical College"
Implementation of the requirements of the Federal State Educational Standard in the organization of work
classroom or training workshop
Prepared by:
5th year student of group "G"
Zakharov Anton Vitalievich
O in the classroom in accordance with the requirements of the Federal State Educational Standard of the second generation- this is an educational unit, which is a means of implementing the main educational program of primary general education, ensuring the creation of a modern subject-educational environment for teaching elementary school, taking into account the goals established by the Federal State Educational Standard of the OO. The equipment of the classroom should contribute to solving the problems of the main educational programs that ensure the implementation of the second generation of the Federal State Educational Standards. The classroom equipment includes: printed matter; printed manuals; on-screen audio aids, including in digital form, an interactive whiteboard; technical means training (means of information and communication technologies); games and toys; educational-practical and educational-laboratory equipment; natural objects; the use of objects made independently by the teacher, students and their parents is allowed. Such objects may include illustrative materials, video materials. Photo albums, layouts, etc. Classes in the office should contribute to: the transition from reproductive forms of educational activity to independent ones; search and research types of work; the formation of skills to work with various types of information and its sources; the formation of a communicative culture of students; formation of a system of universal learning activities; development of abilities for self-control, self-esteem, self-analysis; education of a highly organized personality. Study load The office should be no more than 36 hours a week. New GEF requirements for the classroom
Availability of regulatory documents in the office (State educational standard, calendar plans, meters, requirements, etc.), regulating activities for the implementation State program by subject. The staffing of the classroom with educational equipment, an educational and methodological complex of teaching aids necessary for the implementation of educational programs implemented by the school on the basis of the "List of educational and computer equipment for equipping educational institutions» in accordance with the requirements of the Federal State Educational Standard of the NOU and LLC. Compliance of the educational and methodological complex and the complex of teaching aids with the requirements of the education standard and educational programs. Provision of textbooks, didactic materials, handouts in accordance with the educational program of the school. The presence of variable didactic material on the main topics of the subjects taught by the teacher (cards with options for tasks, exercises, questions, etc.), which is necessary for the implementation of the curricula implemented by the school as a result of the introduction of the Federal State Educational Standard of the IEO and LLC. This didactic material should be updated by the teacher as needed in accordance with the passage curriculum, changing the interests of children. Didactic material can be stored, including on electronic media. Availability of plans and reports of the teacher's work, outline plans open lessons, teacher's speeches at meetings methodical associations, meetings, teachers' councils, seminars, conferences, etc., teacher's printed works, multimedia presentation (video materials, computer presentations of open lessons, parent-teacher meetings, extracurricular activities etc.) (A teacher's portfolio can be presented in electronic format on the teacher's pedagogical website). Compliance with aesthetic requirements for the design of the office: the presence of permanent and replaceable educational and information stands. The poster material of the classroom should contain: the state educational standard for the subject (the minimum required content of education and the requirements for the level of compulsory training); recommendations for students on the design of their educational activities (preparation for testing, exams, workshops, etc.); safety rules for work and behavior in the office; materials used in the educational process; exhibition works of students; recommendations on organizing and doing homework, on preparing for various forms of diagnostics; cool corner. Compliance with safety regulations (book on safety briefing), sanitary and hygienic standards in the classroom. Availability of the study room schedule for the compulsory program, additional education program, individual lessons with lagging behind, with gifted students, consultations, etc.
