Oryol Armored School. History of the Bvtkku - Bvtkku Blagoveshchensk Higher Tank Command Red Banner School Oryol Tank School during the war years
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1. Order of the NPO dated 03/16/1937.
2. Order of the NPO dated 24.08.1940. (about subordination).
3. From the Forum on 06/22/1941. Thanks to Evgeny Drig and others.
4. Directives of the General Staff of 07/03/1941 and 07/15/41 (on redeployment).
5. NPO order of 09/03/1941 (including relocation).
6. From the Forum on 06/22/1941. Thanks to Alexander Kiyan.
7. From the Forum. Thanks to Oleg Nelzin and Sergey Chekunov.
8. List No. 30 of military educational institutions (training centers, colleges, schools and courses) with the terms of their entry into the army during the Great Patriotic War of 1941-1945.
Father graduated from the 2nd Saratov Tank School in May 1941 and in general terms approximately (died - remained alive) knew the fate of graduates - lieutenants of his department.
In the general photo below - the cadets of the department before graduation in the spring of 1941. Sitting from left to right: Dolgopolov, Zharkoy, Golubyatnikov, Mavrin, Godlevsky. In the second row, standing from left to right: Koloskov, Kolganov, Oleshko, Berest, Domnikov, Omelchenko, Shabash.
The post-war fate of Mavrin, Oleshko, Golubyatnikov, Godlevsky is known from the book of Zharky F.M. "Tank March".
The names and patronymics of other fellow students were no longer remembered by the father after 70 years. It seemed that without a long search in the archives of the school and the Ministry of Defense, the fate of the allegedly dead tankers could not be determined ...
But what if you try to conduct a search through the site MO "MEMORIAL"?
Initial data - surname, rank (lieutenant - if he died in 41-42 years), service in the SA (year of admission to the school 1939), type of troops - tank.
According to these incomplete data, in just an hour, by looking through the already truncated lists, it was possible to establish the fate of all the dead and missing (ie, burned in tanks) graduates of the school. Here are the data:
Berest S.L. - tank commander of the 8th tank brigade - went missing in September 1941 on the Kalinin front.
Domnikov V.S. - tank commander of the 8th tank brigade - killed in October 1941 on the Karelian front
Dolgopolov V.F. - platoon commander of the 161st separate tank brigade - went missing (that is, burned in a tank) in August 1942 in the Smolensk region.
KOLGANOV Aleksey Timofeevich - platoon commander of a battalion of heavy tanks of military unit No. 9138 - died on the Western Front in August 1942.
Koloskov A.F. - platoon commander of the 78th tank regiment - went missing in June 1941.
Omelchenko N.A. - commander of a platoon of heavy tanks of the 49th tank regiment - went missing in 1941.
Shabash V.P. - commander of a tank platoon of the 75th tank regiment of the 20th mechanized corps - went missing in 1941 on the Western Front.
Department statistics: 58 percent of the dead and only in 1941-1942.
In May 1918, a three-month infantry instructor course was set up in Ivanovo-Voznesensk to train platoon commanders for the Red Army.
Cadets participated in the suppression of the Yaroslavl uprising in July 1918.
On December 4, 1918, the courses were included in the general republican lists under the name "14th Ivanovo-Voznesensk courses for the officers of the Red Army." The training period was set at 8 months.
In May 1919, the entire variable composition of courses (218 cadets) was sent to the Petrograd front against Yudenich, making up the 7th company of the 3rd battalion of a special combined detachment of cadets. The cadets returned to Ivanovo-Voznesensk on August 24, 1919.
By order of the RVSR No. 1208 of April 4, 1921, the 14th Ivanovo-Voznesensk courses were reorganized into the 27th Ivanovo-Voznesensk infantry command staff school with a three-year training period.
In September 1925 the school was transferred to Orel.
On March 23, 1930, the school was awarded the Honorary Revolutionary Red Banner by the Central Executive Committee of the USSR for military distinctions on the fronts of the civil war and the suppression of the kulak uprising in the Tambov region.
In July 1930, when the school was serving a camp in Gorokhovets, an order was received: "The Red Banner Ivanovo-Voznesensk Infantry School is being renamed the Oryol Armored School named after M.V. Frunze." July 15, 1930 the school was reorganized into an armored school. In the autumn of 1930, the first MS-1 tanks and tanks of foreign brands arrived - trophies of the civil war, as well as tractors and cars.
On September 1, 1931, the school held the 18th regular graduation - the first graduation of commanders of motorized mechanized troops.
In 1932, the school completely switched to training on T-26 tanks. This year, 935 commanders were issued.
By 1935, the school had 700 cadets and trained lieutenants - commanders of BT platoons.
By order of the NCO No. 0053 dated September 12, 1940, he was transferred to a new training profile (staff No. 17/936). It began to train lieutenants on the T-34 (two battalions) and BT (two battalions). The number of variable composition of the school was 1,600 cadets.
In August - September 1941, the Oryol Tank School was evacuated to Maikop. Classes at the new location resumed on September 15, 1941.
By order of the Armed Forces of the North Caucasian Front, on July 25, 1942, the Maikop Tank Brigade was formed from the personnel of the school. Colonel S. P. Varmashkin, head of the school, was appointed commander of the brigade, brigade commissar I. T. Kuprin was appointed military commissar of the brigade - military commissar of the school.
After the departure of the tank brigade, classes continued at the school. Two battalions trained.
On August 7, 1942, due to the approach of German troops, the school was evacuated from Maykop to Tuapse, from where it was transported to Sukhumi. At the same time, a separate rifle and machine-gun detachment was formed from the personnel of the school, which operated as part of the 31st rifle division.
In the second half of August, the personnel of the tank brigade was returned to the school, and the motorized rifle battalion (commander - Major Fedorovich) remained in the active troops of the North Caucasian Front and only on December 5, 1942 was sent back to the school.
At the end of August, the command of the Transcaucasian Front ordered the school to be transferred to the city of Shamkhori.
On October 17, 1942, by order of the NPO of the USSR, the school was relocated to the Urals and on November 20 arrived at a new location - in the village. Degtyarka (now the city of Degtyarsk) of the Sverdlovsk region.
In early December 1943, the command of the school received an order from the General Staff of the KA to relocate the school to the city of Balashov, Saratov Region. The first echelon was sent from st. Degtyarka December 9, 1943 On December 25, all personnel and materiel arrived at a new location, in the second military town of Balashov.
Full name: Oryol Order of Lenin Red-replaced armored school named after M. V. Frunze.
Story
In 1918, in the city of Ivanovo-Voznesensk (now Ivanovo), on the initiative of M.V. Frunze, the headquarters of the Yaroslavl Military District opened infantry courses for junior commanders and a hostel for cadets. On December 4, they were transformed into the 14th Ivanovo-Voznesensk courses for middle officers with an eight-month training period. In 1921, the 27th Ivanovo-Voznesensk Infantry School was formed on the basis of the courses.
In 1925, at the initiative of the People's Commissar for Military Affairs M.V. Frunze, the 27th Ivanovo-Voznesensk Infantry School was transferred to the city of Oryol. By order of the Revolutionary Military Council No. 355 of April 7, 1925, the school was named after M. V. Frunze. On March 23, 1930, she was awarded the Honorary Revolutionary Red Banner for military merits during the Civil War.
On July 15, 1930, the first armored school in the Red Army was organized on the basis of the school. The first head and commissar of the school was Suren Stepanovich Shaumyan, the son of Stepan Shaumyan, one of the 26 Baku commissars who were shot in 1918 by the English invaders. According to the memoirs of a graduate of the Hero's school Soviet Union K. N. Abramova, he was a man "highly educated, energetic, dedicated to his work, he devoted himself entirely to the education of future tank commanders." By 1935, 700 cadets were studying at the school, who were being trained to become lieutenants - platoon commanders of BT tanks. Future Soviet tank officers studied the history of the All-Union Communist Party of Bolsheviks and the peoples of the USSR, the Constitution of the USSR, the Russian language and mathematics, tactics and topography, tank driving and combat technology, radio engineering and charters, were engaged in combat, drill and physical training.
On January 1, 1936, the technical park of the school included: 210 tanks (BT-2 - 48, BT-5 linear - 26, BT-5 radio - 2, BT-7 radio - 2, T-26 double-turret - 19, T-37 linear - 2, T-27 - 17, T-18 - 94) and 7 armored vehicles (BA-27 - 5, FAI, D-8, D-12 - 1, BA-I - 1).
March 16, 1937 the school was reorganized into Oryol Armored School named after M. V. Frunze. Many graduates of the school took part in the fighting during the Spanish Civil War, in the battles near Lake Khasan and on the Khalkhin Gol River, as well as during the Soviet-Finnish War.
On August 15, 1940, the technical park of the school included: 32 BT-2 machine guns, 3 BT-2 cannons, 24 BT-5 linear, 5 BT-5 radio, 13 BT-7 linear, 10 BT-7 radio, 2 artillery BT, 1 T-26 linear, 4 T-26 radial, 2 T-26 twin-turret machine guns, 3 T-37/38 linear, 1 T-37/38 radial, 2 FAI, 1 BA-10, 1 BA-6, 1 Comintern , 2 Kommunar, 5 S-60, 1 S-65, 3 GAZ-A, 3 M-1, 2 ZIS-101, 30 GAZ-AA, 5 GAZ-AAA, 1 all-terrain vehicle GAZ, 11 ZIS-5, 1 ZIS -6, 1 all-terrain vehicle ZIS, 2 pickups, 2 staff buses, 2 ambulances, 2 passenger buses, 1 A-type workshop, 3 gas tankers and tanks, as well as one traveling electric lighting station.
By order of the NCO No. 0053 of September 12, 1940, he was transferred to a new training profile (staff No. 17/936). It began to train lieutenants on the T-34 (two battalions) and BT (two battalions). The number of variable composition of the school was 1600 cadets.
In 1941 the school was evacuated to the city of Maikop. In the summer of 1942, the Separate Orel Tank Brigade was formed from the personnel of the school, which fought as part of the Primorsky Group of the North Caucasian Front.
On December 13, 1942, the school was awarded the Order of the Red Banner. The school was evacuated to the Urals, to the Sverdlovsk region, then to the city of Balashov, Saratov region, where the students met the Victory Day.
On December 25, 1943, in commemoration of the 25th anniversary, the school was awarded the Order of Lenin.
After the Great Patriotic War the school moved to Ulyanovsk, and in 1960 during the Khrushchev thaw it was disbanded due to the reduction Armed Forces.
Chiefs
Famous graduates
By 1941, the school had trained more than 6,000 tank commanders, many of whom became well-known military leaders during the Great Patriotic War. 112 graduates were awarded high rank Hero of the Soviet Union (including V. A. Bulychev, I. N. Mashkarin, M. S. Piskunov, I. I. Revkov, N. N. Fomin, A. T. Shurupov and others).
Awards and honorary titles
Memory
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Notes
- Irina Krakhmaleva. Oryol city site InfoOrel.ru. 01/28/2010.
- Tatyana Fileva. Oryol truth. September 24, 2008.
- on the site "Museums of Russia"
- Anatoly Matenin."Working area". 05/30/2011.
- . tank front. Retrieved May 2, 2013. .
- rkka.ru website.
Links
- on the site "Tank Front".
- rkka.ru website.
- on the site "Museums of Russia"
- Irina Krakhmaleva. Oryol city site InfoOrel.ru. 01/28/2010.
- Tatyana Fileva. Oryol truth. September 24, 2008.
An excerpt characterizing the Oryol Armored School
- Yes, in what sad circumstances we had to see each other, prince ... Well, what about our dear patient? she said, as if not noticing the cold, insulting look fixed on her.Prince Vasily looked inquiringly, to the point of bewilderment, at her, then at Boris. Boris bowed politely. Prince Vasily, not answering the bow, turned to Anna Mikhailovna and answered her question with a movement of his head and lips, which meant the worst hope for the patient.
– Really? exclaimed Anna Mikhailovna. - Oh, it's terrible! It’s terrible to think… This is my son,” she added, pointing to Boris. “He wanted to thank you himself.
Boris bowed again politely.
“Believe, prince, that a mother’s heart will never forget what you have done for us.
“I am glad that I could please you, my dear Anna Mikhailovna,” said Prince Vasily, adjusting the frill and showing in gesture and voice here in Moscow, before the patronized Anna Mikhailovna, even much greater importance than in St. Petersburg, at the evening at Annette Scherer.
“Try to serve well and be worthy,” he added, addressing Boris sternly. - I'm glad ... Are you here on vacation? he dictated in his impassive tone.
“I am waiting for an order, Your Excellency, to go to a new destination,” Boris answered, showing neither annoyance at the prince’s harsh tone, nor a desire to enter into a conversation, but so calmly and respectfully that the prince looked at him intently.
- Do you live with your mother?
“I live with Countess Rostova,” Boris said, adding again: “Your Excellency.”
“This is the Ilya Rostov who married Nathalie Shinshina,” said Anna Mikhailovna.
“I know, I know,” said Prince Vasily in his monotonous voice. - Je n "ai jamais pu concevoir, comment Nathalieie s" est decidee a epouser cet ours mal - leche l Un personnage completement stupide et ridicule. Et joueur a ce qu "on dit. [I could never understand how Natalie decided to go out marry that filthy bear. Completely stupid and funny person. Besides a gambler, they say.]
- Mais tres brave homme, mon prince, [But a kind person, prince,] Anna Mikhailovna remarked, smiling touchingly, as if she knew that Count Rostov deserved such an opinion, but asked to pity the poor old man. - What do the doctors say? asked the princess, after a pause, and again expressing great sadness on her tear-stained face.
“There is little hope,” said the prince.
- And I so wanted to thank my uncle again for all his good deeds to me and Borya. C "est son filleuil, [This is his godson,] - she added in such a tone, as if this news should have extremely pleased Prince Vasily.
Prince Vasily thought for a moment and grimaced. Anna Mikhailovna realized that he was afraid to find in her a rival according to the will of Count Bezukhoy. She hastened to reassure him.
“If it weren’t for my true love and devotion to my uncle,” she said, pronouncing this word with particular confidence and carelessness: “I know his character, noble, direct, but after all, only the princesses are with him ... They are still young ...” She tilted her head and she added in a whisper: “Did he fulfill his last duty, prince?” How precious are these last moments! After all, it couldn't be worse; it must be cooked if it is so bad. We women, prince,” she smiled tenderly, “always know how to say these things. You need to see him. No matter how hard it was for me, but I'm used to suffering.
The prince, apparently, understood, and understood, as he did at the evening at Annette Scherer's, that it was difficult to get rid of Anna Mikhailovna.
“This meeting wouldn’t be hard for him, chere Anna Mikhailovna,” he said. - Let's wait until the evening, the doctors promised a crisis.
“But you can’t wait, prince, at this moment. Pensez, il u va du salut de son ame… Ah! c "est terrible, les devoirs d" un chretien ... [Think, it's about saving his soul! Oh! this is terrible, the duty of a Christian…]
A door opened from the inner rooms, and one of the princesses, the count's nieces, came in, with a gloomy and cold face and a long waist strikingly disproportionate to her legs.
Prince Vasily turned to her.
- Well, what is he?
- All the same. And as you wish, this noise ... - said the princess, looking at Anna Mikhailovna, as if she were a stranger.
“Ah, chere, je ne vous reconnaissais pas, [Ah, my dear, I didn’t recognize you,” Anna Mikhailovna said with a happy smile, approaching the count’s niece with a light amble. - Je viens d "arriver et je suis a vous pour vous aider a soigner mon oncle. J`imagine, combien vous avez souffert, [I came to help you follow your uncle. I imagine how much you suffered,] - she added, with participation rolling his eyes.
The princess made no answer, did not even smile, and went out at once. Anna Mikhailovna took off her gloves and, in a conquered position, settled down on an armchair, inviting Prince Vasily to sit down beside her.
- Boris! - she said to her son and smiled, - I'll go to the count, to my uncle, and you go to Pierre, mon ami, for the time being, don't forget to give him an invitation from the Rostovs. They invite him to dinner. I don't think he will? she turned to the prince.
“On the contrary,” said the prince, apparently out of sorts. - Je serais tres content si vous me debarrassez de ce jeune homme ... [I would be very happy if you would save me from this young man…] Sitting there. The Count never once asked about him.
He shrugged. The waiter led the young man up and down another staircase to Pyotr Kirillovich.
Pierre did not manage to choose a career for himself in St. Petersburg and, indeed, was exiled to Moscow for riot. The story told at Count Rostov's was true. Pierre participated in tying the quarter with a bear. He arrived a few days ago and stayed, as always, at his father's house. Although he assumed that his story was already known in Moscow, and that the ladies surrounding his father, who were always unfriendly to him, would take advantage of this opportunity to annoy the count, he nevertheless went to half his father on the day of his arrival. Entering the drawing room, the usual residence of the princesses, he greeted the ladies who were sitting at the embroidery frame and at the book, which one of them was reading aloud. There were three. The eldest, clean, long-waisted, strict girl, the same one who went out to Anna Mikhailovna, was reading; the younger ones, both ruddy and pretty, differing from each other only in that one had a mole above her lip, which made her very pretty, sewed in a hoop. Pierre was greeted as dead or plagued. The eldest princess interrupted her reading and silently looked at him with frightened eyes; the youngest, without a mole, assumed exactly the same expression; the smallest, with a mole, of a merry and humorous disposition, bent down to the hoop to hide a smile, probably provoked by the upcoming scene, the amusingness of which she foresaw. She pulled down the hair and bent down, as if sorting out the patterns and barely holding back her laughter.
“Bonjour, ma cousine,” said Pierre. - Vous ne me hesonnaissez pas? [Hello cousin. You don't recognize me?]
“I know you too well, too well.
How is the Count's health? May I see him? Pierre asked awkwardly, as always, but not embarrassed.
“The Count suffers both physically and morally, and it seems that you took care to inflict more moral suffering on him.
May I see the count? Pierre repeated.
“Hm!.. If you want to kill him, kill him completely, you can see. Olga, go and see if the broth is ready for the uncle, the time will soon be, ”she added, showing Pierre that they are busy and busy reassuring his father, while he is obviously busy only upsetting.
Olga left. Pierre stood for a moment, looked at the sisters, and, bowing, said:
- So I'll go to my place. When you can, tell me.
He went out, and the sonorous but quiet laughter of the sister with the mole was heard behind him.
The next day, Prince Vasily arrived and settled in the count's house. He called Pierre to him and said to him:
- Mon cher, si vous vous conduisez ici, comme a Petersbourg, vous finirez tres mal; c "est tout ce que je vous dis. [My dear, if you behave here as in Petersburg, you will end up very badly; I have nothing more to say to you.] The count is very, very sick: you do not need to see him at all.
Since then, Pierre has not been disturbed, and he spent the whole day alone upstairs in his room.
While Boris entered him, Pierre was walking around his room, occasionally stopping in the corners, making threatening gestures to the wall, as if piercing an invisible enemy with a sword, and sternly looking over his glasses and then starting his walk again, pronouncing obscure words, shaking shoulders and arms outstretched.
- L "Angleterre a vecu, [End of England]," he said, frowning and pointing his finger at someone. - M. Pitt comme traitre a la nation et au droit des gens est condamiene a ... [Pitt, as a traitor to the nation and the people right, sentenced to ...] - He did not have time to finish Pitt's sentence, imagining himself at that moment as Napoleon himself and, together with his hero, having already made a dangerous crossing through the Pas de Calais and having conquered London, - as he saw a young, slender and handsome officer entering him He stopped. Pierre left Boris a fourteen-year-old boy and decidedly did not remember him, but, in spite of this, with his characteristic quick and cordial manner, he took him by the hand and smiled amiably.
- Do you remember me? Boris said calmly, with a pleasant smile. - I came with my mother to the count, but it seems that he is not completely healthy.
Yes, it looks unhealthy. Everything disturbs him, - Pierre answered, trying to remember who this young man was.
Boris felt that Pierre did not recognize him, but did not consider it necessary to identify himself and, without experiencing the slightest embarrassment, looked into his eyes.
“Count Rostov asked you to come and dine with him today,” he said after a rather long and awkward silence for Pierre.
Historical information about the school
Let's save the history of our school!
Photo 1. Amur Region, Blagoveshchensk-18, Mokhovaya Pad. Here from 1958 to 1999. housed DVTU, later - BVTKKU.
Photo 2. The historical path of the school. Photo 3. Battle Banner of the BVTKKU.
The history of BVTKKU began during the Great Patriotic War and goes from 2nd Gorky Automobile and Motorcycle School (2nd GAMU),
the order on the formation of which was signed July 10, 1941
in Moscow. It was headed by a colonel (later - on March 11, 1944 - major general of tank troops). The school was subordinate to the Main Armored Directorate of the Red Army.
The direct formation of the school began July 14, 1941 with the arrival of the head of the school. Its location from July 15, 1941 was determined in the Gorohovets camps of the Gorky region (see photo 2). Order No. 2 for the 2nd GAMU determined the mailbox of the school: the post office of Mulino, Gorohovets district Ivanovo region, p / box number 10 (now near the village of Mulino, Volodarsky district Nizhny Novgorod region). Establishing a school during the war was associated with great difficulties. It was necessary to create everything anew, there was no ready base. Commanders, political workers, teachers, cadets built a camp, an autodrome, parks, workshops, a summer club, equipped classrooms and training fields, and prepared visual aids.
The school was formed according to the states of peacetime: four battalions of four-company cadets and a special battalion of communists. Three battalions trained motor officers, one - motorcyclists. Classes began on August 1, 1941. Worked for 11 hours without days off. Preparation was carried out in stages: studies began with cycling. Who did not know how - should master. Having passed the practical ride, he changed to a motorcycle. The study of motorcycles began with the AM-600 model with a sidecar and IZH-9, and then moved on to the study of the newly adopted M-72 motorcycles. After mastering motorcycles, they moved on to the study of GAZ-AA and ZIS-5 cars.
With October 16, 1941 the school was relocated to the city (see photos 2, 4, 5) - 200 km northeast of the city of Gorky, 47 km from railway station Uren. To accommodate the school for barracks, educational buildings and headquarters were allocated best buildings cities. They were located at 23 points scattered throughout the city and towns. The city leadership pushed the townspeople aside and gave schools, a forestry technical school, a museum, a district military registration and enlistment office, and other institutions for a school. The headquarters of the school was located in one of the main buildings (see photos 4, 5). After the war, it housed a school.
The first release of officers at the school took place after an eight-month training course in March 1942: about 400 commanders of motorcycle platoons were sent to the front. The rest continued their training under the program of commanders of automobile platoons. The release of motorists took place in August 1942. Of the graduates, 100 people were selected, who continued their education under the program of tank platoon commanders.
October 15, 1942
The school was reorganized into 2nd Gorky Tank School(2nd GTU)
(see photo 2) with a change in the training profile to tank commanders with a six-month training period. In addition, the school conducted retraining of political personnel for command positions in the armored and mechanized units of the Red Army. feature curricula was that they provided for the training of cadets only in military disciplines. The main attention was paid to tactical, fire and technical training. They studied mainly on T-34 tanks, but also studied light tanks BT-5, BT-7, T-26, T-70, T-80, amphibious tanks T-37, T-38. School graduates who passed the main exams (material part, tactics, topography, shooting, driving) with excellent marks were released from the school as lieutenants for the position of commander of a tank platoon, the rest - with the rank of junior lieutenant for the position of commander of the T-34 tank.
The first issue of tank officers took place April 25, 1943 . During the year, the school made seven releases. In total, during the years of the Great Patriotic War, the tank school made 22 graduations, having prepared for the front more than one thousand officers, motorists, motorcyclists and, mainly, tank officers. At the beginning of 1944, two graduations of tank officers of Polish nationality were made for the then-formed First Polish Army.
The results and quality of the training of commanders for tank troops are eloquently evidenced by the fact that, as a result of repeated checks, by 1944 the 2nd GTU ranked first among the tank schools of the Red Army.
Fearlessly and skillfully fought graduates of the 2nd Gorky Tank School with fascist invaders. Many of them fell on the battlefields, and 10 graduates were awarded the title of Hero of the Soviet Union. Many hundreds of graduates were awarded orders and medals for valor and courage shown on the battlefields of the Great Patriotic War. The 2nd Gorky Tank School made a worthy contribution to the victory over Nazi Germany.
In the post-war years, a new period began in the history of the school: a period during which the school continued to successfully solve the problems of training highly qualified officers who were fluent in modern weapons and military equipment, able to confidently command in difficult combat conditions, skillfully train and educate subordinates, but already deployed in other cities of the Soviet Union.
Immediately after the end of the Great Patriotic War, in accordance with the Directive of the Chief General Staff The USSR Armed Forces on March 11, 1945, the school was relocated to the city of Proskurov (since January 1954 - Khmelnitsky) of the Ukrainian SSR, where May 20, 1945
(see photo 2, 6, 7) and became known as Proskurovskoye
(subsequently Khmelnytsky
) tank school (military unit 74400)
. The school switched to a full, three-year course of study. In the first post-war years, Albanians and Romanians studied at the school.
AT 1958 the school was relocated to the city of Blagoveshchensk Amur region
. It was located in the suburban hills in Padi Mokhovaya (see photos 1, 2) and became known as Far Eastern Tank School(DVTU)
. Interesting fact: many former cadets remember that the abbreviation DVTU was used in military topography and fire training classes to memorize the "thousandth formula": D uy AT T thousand At. The school trained tank officers in the middle profile with a three-year training period. The first issue in Mokhovaya Pad took place in 1959.
AT 1965, in connection with the increased requirements for the training of officers, a number of secondary schools, including the DVTU, were transformed into higher ones, which, along with the training of commanders capable of managing combat from a platoon to a battalion inclusive, were supposed to provide knowledge for obtaining an engineer's diploma in operation and repair of tracked and wheeled vehicles. In this capacity began academic year in September 1966, and the school became known as - Blagoveshchensk Higher Tank Command School (BVTKU) .
The first set of cadets for higher education with a four-year course of study took place in 1966 (in the same year there was the last set for a secondary school program with a three-year course). The first graduation of officers from higher education was produced in 1970, the last issue of the middle course - in 1969.
In the period from 1966 to 1969, 10-month courses were launched at the school to train platoon commanders for tank troops. Those who completed these courses were awarded military rank Ensign.
The school also trained tank officers of Mongolian nationality for the army of the Mongolian People's Republic (MPR).
February 22, 1968 for great merits in the training of officers and in connection with the 50th anniversary of the Armed Forces of the USSR, the school was awarded the Order Red Banner. From that moment it became known as Blagoveshchensk Higher Tank Command Red Banner School(BVTKKU) .
AT February 1969
The school was named after the Marshal of the Soviet Union. Since that time it has been called Blagoveshchensk Higher Tank Command Red Banner School named after Marshal of the Soviet Union K.A. Meretskova (BVTKKU).
Government Decree Russian Federation dated August 29, 1998 No. 1009 "On military educational institutions vocational education Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation "The Blagoveshchensk Higher Tank Command Red Banner School named after Marshal of the Soviet Union K.A. Meretskov was disbanded. On its basis, the RTC - regional The educational center training of junior artillery specialists, which was disbanded in November 2005.
Over the years of its existence, the Gorky, Proskurov (Khmelnitsky), Far Eastern, Blagoveshchensk Tank Schools have made a worthy contribution to the training of officers for tank troops. School graduates fought for their Motherland during the Great Patriotic War, having reached Berlin and Prague, performed their international duty in Afghanistan, Ethiopia, Vietnam and other hot spots, defended the territorial integrity of Russia in Chechnya.
During the Great Patriotic War ten graduates of the school became Heroes of the Soviet Union: , , , , , , , , ,
One of them, Guard Lieutenant (1943 onwards)[tank commander of the 15th Guards. tank brigade (1st Guards Tank Corps, 65th Army, 1st Belorussian Front)] during the Belorussian offensive operation(Operation "Bagration") On June 25, 1944, in a battle near the Chernye Brody railway station (Oktyabrsky district of the Gomel region), as part of a crew, he rammed an enemy armored train with a burning tank and disabled three armored platforms. The brave lieutenant remained alive and continued to fight. He died on September 4, 1944 in the battle for the bridgehead on the western bank of the Narew River in Poland. He was buried in the Polish village of Zatory. The title of Hero of the Soviet Union was awarded on September 26, 1944 (posthumously). Lieutenant Komarov D.E. was enlisted forever in the lists of the first company of cadets of the BVTKKU. During the existence of the school, fellow countrymen of Komarov (natives of the Shakhunsky district of the Gorky region) were sent to study at the school on Komsomol vouchers. Most of them were enlisted as cadets in the first company.
In honor of the graduates of the tank school who died on the fronts of the Great Patriotic War, on September 13, 1970 (the date of the official opening of the monument), an IS-3M tank was installed on a pedestal in front of the school (see photo 1). September 10, 2000 on the pedestal was installed memorial plaque. In order to perpetuate the memory of the heroes-graduates of the tank school, a tank was also installed on a pedestal in the city of Vetluga: on May 9, 2006 (the date of the official opening of the monument), a T-55 tank was installed on Bratskaya Square, delivered from the Leningrad Region (see photo 5).
The country also celebrated graduates of the Blagoveshchensk Tank School with golden heroic stars in the post-war years. In 1956, for the courage and heroism shown in the performance of military duty in Hungary, the title of Hero of the Soviet Union was awarded to a senior lieutenant, a graduate of 1954.
In 2003, for his personal courage and skillful leadership of the troops, the title of Hero of the Russian Federation (posthumously) was awarded to a graduate of 1964, General of the Army.
A graduate of 1975, colonel, was awarded the title of Hero of the Russian Federation in 2000 for his courage in battle and for his skillful leadership of troops in the fight against terrorist formations in the North Caucasus.
In battles in the territory Chechen Republic accomplished his feat 1999 graduate lieutenant . He was awarded the title of Hero of the Russian Federation posthumously in 2000.
Among the graduates of the school there are many military leaders, government officials. At one time, cadet shoulder straps were worn:
Colonel-General (1959 onwards) - Head of the USSR Civil Defense - Deputy Minister of Defense of the USSR (1991); Deputy Commander-in-Chief of the Allied Forces of the CIS (1992); Commander of the Collective Peacekeeping Forces of the CIS (1993-1994); First Deputy Chief of Staff for the Coordination of Military Cooperation of the CIS Member States (1994-1995);
General of the Army (1962 onwards) - Chief of the General Staff of the USSR Armed Forces - First Deputy Minister of Defense of the USSR (1988-1991);
Colonel-General (1963 onwards) - Commander of the Volga-Ural Military District (1991-1992), Volga Military District (1992-2001);
Hero of the Russian Federation Army General (1964 onwards) - First Chief of the General Staff of the RF Armed Forces (June - November 1992). In 2003, his name was given to the Ryazan Military Automobile Institute;
Lieutenant General (1966 onwards) - Minister of Internal Affairs of the Republic of Belarus (1999-2000), Deputy Head of the Administration of the President of the Republic of Belarus (2000-2001), Chairman of the Council of the Belarusian Physical Culture and Sports Society "Dynamo" (since 2001), Minister of Sports and Tourism of the Republic of Belarus (2003-2005), Vice-Rector of the Minsk Institute of Management (since 2005);
Colonel General (born in 1968) - head of the GOMU - deputy chief of the General Staff of the RF Armed Forces (1994-1997); Head of the Department of Operational Art of the Military Academy of the General Staff of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation (since 1997);
Colonel General (born in 1969) - Deputy Minister of the Russian Federation for Civil Defense Affairs, emergencies and elimination of consequences of natural disasters (1994-1999); Deputy of the State Duma of the Russian Federation (1999-2001); auditor of the Accounts Chamber of the Russian Federation (2001-2005); since 2009 - Permanent Representative of the Republic of Khakassia - Deputy Chairman of the Government of the Republic of Khakassia;
Lieutenant General (1969 onwards) - Deputy Minister of Defense of the Republic of Abkhazia (June 2004), Chief of the General Staff of the Armed Forces of the Republic of Abkhazia (since March 2005);
Lieutenant General (born in 1970) - Chief of the Main Staff of the Armed Forces of the Republic of Belarus - First Deputy Minister of Defense of the Republic of Belarus (1997-2001);
Lieutenant General (born in 1974) - Chief of the General Staff of the Armed Forces - First Deputy Minister of Defense of the Republic of Belarus (since 2001 - replaced M.F. Kozlov);
Colonel General (1974 onwards) - Commander of the North Caucasian Military District (2008-2010);
In 1944- 1945 studied at our school (in Vetluga and Proskurov). In the book published for the 50th anniversary of the school, there is his portrait with the caption "Cadet M.I. Pugovkin, who did a lot for the development of amateur art activities of the school, now - People's Artist of the USSR."
Blagoveshchensk Higher Tank Command Red Banner School named after Marshal of the Soviet Union K.A. Meretskov was one of the leading military educational institutions of the Ministry of Defense of the USSR and the Russian Federation, which had a worthy history, glorious traditions in the training of officers. The school professionally trained tank commanders - enterprising, loving the difficult military service and faithful to the duty of a tank officer. The school has become Alma Mater for many hundreds of graduates who believe that the cadet years were the best in life and still keep the cadet friendship. The depth of feelings of those who went through tank school is reflected in the following lines:
In our school we entered into life,
To a big family.
We will become gray, but we do not forget
Your cadet youth!
Since 2000, the school has been gone, and its Battle Banner is now kept in the Museum of the Armed Forces (see photo 3). But the memory of the school lives and will live as long as those who served, worked and studied within its walls are alive. Today, the memory of the tank university and its heroic traditions is kept by its graduates - BVTKovtsy - this is how the graduates of the famous, but now, unfortunately, gone down in history school call themselves. Time will tell how reasonable it was this decision for the future of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation.
SNP
Photo 4, 5 - Vetluga, st. Lenina, d. 25. Here from October 1941 to May 1945. housed the second Gorky tank school.
Photo 6, 7 - Proskurov (Khmelnitsky). Here from 1945 to 1958. housed the Proskurov (Khmelnitsky) tank school.
