Sevastopol Naval School of Submariners. Maritime College. An excerpt characterizing the Sevastopol Higher Naval Engineering School
Sevastopol Higher Naval Engineering School- the highest naval educational institution in the USSR.
School names
December 15, 1951 - Third VVMIU (Higher Naval Engineering School) 1954 - VVMIU scuba diving 1960 - Third VVMIU From April 6, 1964 - Sevastopol VVMIU "Holland" - an informal name, according to the location in the Sevastopol region Holland.Story
In April 1952, engineer-rear admiral M. V. Korolev was appointed the first head of the school. By the beginning of the first academic year - October 1, 1952 - two faculties were created. On April 30, 1953, the diesel faculty was transferred to the school from the Leningrad VVMIU named after F.E. Dzerzhinsky.
The construction of the main building of the educational building was completed in 1960 . The architectural ensemble includes five four-story buildings connected by colonnades with internal greenhouse courtyards. In terms of size and volume of the interior, the educational building is one of the largest buildings (the total volume of the interior is more than 200,000 cubic meters) in Sevastopol.
The school was the main center for the training of officer engineering personnel for the ocean nuclear fleet. The educational institution had the strongest teaching staff. Material and technical base for the training of shipboard power engineers for nuclear fleet The USSR included its own research reactor IR-100, a full-scale on-board complex for a nuclear power plant of a 2nd generation submarine, full-scale simulators, research thermohydrodynamic stands, and a powerful computer center.
The school was Scientific research topical problems of ship nuclear power, hydraulics, thermal physics at the departments and research laboratories. Scientific and technical conferences, visiting sessions of the USSR Academy of Sciences on thermophysical and hydrodynamic aspects of the problem of the safety of shipboard nuclear power plants, meetings of the Scientific Council of the Academy of Sciences on ocean hydrophysics were held. Since 1965, the “Collection of Proceedings of the SVVMIU” has been published at the school.
In 1985, the chemical faculty of the Caspian Higher Naval Red Banner School named after A.I. CM. Kirov.
The school ceased to exist in 1993 after the collapse of the USSR. Over 40 years, more than 11,000 engineer officers were released from its walls; many of the graduates were awarded government awards and state prizes. Graduates of SVVMIU in the service of the Navy participated in the aftermath of accidents on nuclear submarines. More than two dozen graduates have been awarded admiral ranks.
At present, the infrastructure of the SVVMIU (moral practice building, survivability range, diving range, etc.) has been destroyed, and is partially in disrepair. Part of the buildings of the former school occupies
In this life, everything happens in a chain of events. So it is with this material: from an open day at the institute located in the village of Holland (Sevastopol) and a photo report about the visit, it has grown to 3 parts, I consider the last part the most interesting, but first things first.
All residents of Sevastopol have ever heard of a village like Holland, and that there is an institute of nuclear energy and industry (now a university), and in the past it was one of the most powerful educational institutions of the USSR Ministry of Defense with a rich history, one building is worth something . And if you have the opportunity to visit there, I advise you not to miss this opportunity. So history.
The architectural complex, made in the style of late classicism, includes five four-storey buildings, interconnected by colonnades and greenhouse courtyards, perfectly taking into account the bright and colorful landscape.
Observant readers may notice that the shape of the college (university) building resembles an eagle with outstretched wings.
The palace was built for the Naval Cadet Corps, which the tsarist government planned to create in Sevastopol as one of the measures to eliminate the acute shortage of officers for the Russian navy, which was hastily built before the First World War. A commission specially created to develop the project came to the conclusion that the most suitable place for the construction of the main building of the cadet corps is the coast of Holland Bay. The development of the construction project began in the spring of 1913.
The final working draft was developed by the Russian architect Alexander Alexandrovich Vincent (1871-1940), a teacher at the Imperial Academy of Arts. After being appointed in November 1914 as a civil engineer of the cadet corps, A.A. Vincent energetically took up the management of the largest construction. By the autumn of 1917, it was planned to complete the construction and decoration of the northern, connecting and central parts of the building. And although the pace of construction was low due to difficulties in delivery building materials and frequent strikes of workers, the first set of cadets in one junior company was nevertheless made. They were placed in new wings, and in September 1916 classes began. After the October Revolution, the People's Commissariat for Maritime Affairs, due to lack of funds, decided not to continue building the building.
In the mid-20s, it was decided to complete the main building and transfer it to the needs of the Air Force naval forces. The direct management of the completion of the building was entrusted to the military engineer S.I. Bazhenov and design engineer P.I. Solovyov. The author of the project, A.A. Vincent. However, in the autumn of 1931, in order to save money, these works were stopped and resumed only in 1940. During heroic defense Sevastopol in 1941-1942 and its liberation in 1944, as a result of numerous bombardments by enemy aircraft and continuous shelling of artillery, the building of the former Naval Cadet Corps was badly damaged, most of the premises were completely destroyed
south wing
Unfinished south building
One of several flights of stairs that connect the floors. They are on both the east and west sides of the building.
Scuttled ship at Sukharnaya beam. In the background are houses that have survived to our time
Such is the history of this project, the author of which is A.A. Vincent, who died in 1940, never saw his idea embodied in stone. And only in the early 1950s, when, by decision of the Soviet government, the formation of a new naval educational institution began in Sevastopol, a new page was opened in the history of a unique project.
In August 1951, the Soviet government decided to establish another higher naval engineering school. On the basis of this decision, on December 15, 1951, the Naval Minister of the USSR issued an order on the construction and formation in the city of Sevastopol in the b. Holland on the basis of the building of the Naval Cadet Corps of the Sevastopol Higher Naval Engineering School, unfinished and partially destroyed during the war years. This date is considered the day of its foundation and is annually celebrated as a holiday of the unit.
Engineer-Rear Admiral M.V. was appointed the first head of the Sevastopol Higher Naval Engineering School in April 1952. Korolev.
The second year of the functioning of the school, the hard work of the personnel was marked by a joyful event: on September 25, 1953, the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR decided to award the Red Banner of the unit to the Sevastopol VVMIU as a symbol of military honor, valor and glory, as a reminder to each of the servicemen of their sacred duty to faithfully serve the Soviet Motherland, to defend it courageously and skillfully, to defend every inch of our native land from enemies, not sparing our blood and life itself. On behalf of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR, on October 11, 1953, in a solemn ceremony, the Red Banner and the Diploma were presented to the school by the commander of the Black Sea Fleet, Admiral S.G. Gorshkov.
Central entrance, the year of the photograph is unknown to me. Now the fence is more solid and large trees have grown in the park of the school (university) by our time.
Photo from a different angle. The old building in the upper right corner has been preserved in its original form to this day. His detailed photos will be in the third part of the story. Its original purpose is still unknown to me.
The fence at the top of the hill is also preserved.
Training ground. Tiers with sports equipment located on them until recently remained in place
In October 1956, the construction of the central part of the building of the educational building was completed, which housed a club with a visual, upper and lower foyer, a fundamental library with a reading room.
In the same year (1956) the first graduation of the school took place.
Fifth year of the first release
In November 1960, the construction of the main building of the educational building was completely completed. Also significant event was the participation of the regiment of the school in the military parade on Red Square in Moscow on November 7th.
In 1966, the building for the medical service was put into operation. The fundamental library received a new room with a reading room.
In the lower right corner of the building of the medical service and the security premises of the checkpoint
Reading room (?)
Reading room (modern photo)
A boat station was built to train strength and team spirit. Contemporary photo can be found
The building of the boat station. An unknown tower in the background
Presumably, this place is now the building of the cabin on duty of small watercraft
The building of the boat station. At the very top is the dining room (galley). The tower is no more
Photo presumably 70s. 20th century. BORT-70 and dormitories (barracks) have already been built.
In 1982, work was completed and an underground passage connecting the residential campus with the educational building was put into operation. 
Modern photograph of the ladder. There is an underground passage.
Established in 1951, the school has trained more than 11,000 highly qualified specialists for the Russian nuclear navy.
For the courage shown in the performance of military duty, 12 graduates of SVVMIU were awarded the title of Hero Soviet Union and Hero of the Russian Federation, about a thousand were awarded state awards. Since 1967, the operation of an operating nuclear reactor has begun at the school.
Research reactor IR-100. Designer - NIKIET. Physical launch April 18, 1967. SNUYaEiP (modern additional engraving) June 13, 2007 Photo by UNIAN
http://meridian.in.ua/
The methods of training future nuclear specialists developed at SVVMIU allowed young officers immediately after graduating from college, without additional training, to serve the nuclear installations of nuclear submarines.
On December 15, 2001, solemn events dedicated to the 50th anniversary of the formation of SVVMIU were held at the school. Veterans, graduates, faculty of past years and today's students were congratulated on behalf of the Military Council of the Russian Black Sea Fleet by Deputy Commander of the Black Sea Fleet Vice Admiral Evgeny Orlov.
The school, founded in 1951, ceased to exist in 1992 as a result of the collapse of the USSR.
But this is not the end of the story, there will be a continuation about the former power of the school.
Resources used in the preparation of the material:
http://holland87-92.narod.ru
http://sevmama.info/photo/nash_ljubimyj_gorod/hollandija_institut_svvmiu
http://wikimapia.org
http://www.svvmiu.ru/forum/
http://photo.unian.net
Regards, your modgahead-sev =)
Black Sea Higher Naval School named after P.S. Nakhimova was registered on July 22, 2014 by the registrar of the INSPECTION OF THE FEDERAL TAX SERVICE FOR THE LENINSKY DISTRICT OF SEVASTOPOL. Head of the organization: head of the school Grinkevich Alexander Petrovich. Legal address Black Sea Higher Naval School named after P.S. Nakhimov - 299028, Sevastopol city, Pavel Dybenko street, building 1 building a.
The main activity is "Higher education", 64 additional activities are registered. Organizations of the Federal State Budget Military Educational Institution of Higher Education "Black Sea Higher Naval Order of the Red Star School named after P.S. Nakhimov" of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation (Sevastopol) assigned TIN 9201003209, OGRN 1149204009580, OKPO 07948794.
Phone, e-mail address, official website address and other contact details Black Sea Higher Naval School named after P.S. Nakhimov are not in the Unified State Register of Legal Entities and can be added by a representative of the organization.
Sevastopol Higher Naval Engineering School
In the early 1950s, the Soviet Union adopted a program for the accelerated construction and renewal of the Navy, prepared by the top leadership of the Navy. Admiral of the Fleet of the Soviet Union N.G. Kuznetsov, at the head of a group of admirals, which included I.S. Isakov, L.M. Galler, S.G. Kucherov, A.G. Golovko and others, prepared recommendations and proposals for the construction of a new fleet in order to solve problems in the vast oceans. The ten-year program developed by them was approved by the government. New ships of various classes began to be built at a rapid pace, their technical equipment and combat power grew. In this regard, the need for highly qualified officers, devoted to their people and homeland, including officer-engineers of the naval service, has significantly increased. There is a need to create new higher naval educational institutions for the training of specialists in various fields.
The Main Naval Staff of the Naval Forces under the leadership of A.G. Golovko prepared information on the required number of graduates of naval schools of all profiles for the coming decade. With regard to engineering personnel, the information said that the recruitment to VVMIOL them. F.E. Dzerzhinsky at least twice, and in two or three years - three times. Asked for the only possible correct solution- to create several similar schools.
Commander-in-Chief of the USSR Navy, Admiral I.S. Yumashev reported on the results of the development of the General Staff of the Navy to the government. The result was a resolution of the Council of Ministers of the USSR on the formation of new naval schools and an Order of the Minister of the Armed Forces of the USSR of April 8, 1948 on the formation of the 2nd Higher Naval Engineering School in Pushkin, Leningrad Region. In August 1951, the Soviet government decided to create another higher naval engineering school. On the basis of this decision, on December 15, 1951, the Minister of the Navy of the USSR issued an order on the construction and formation in the city of Sevastopol in Holland Bay (the construction site of the school was discussed with I.V. Stalin during his visit to Sevastopol in 1947) of the Sevastopol Higher Naval Engineering School on the basis of the unfinished and partially destroyed during the Great Patriotic War building of the Marine Cadet Corps Third Higher Military - Marine Engineering School. This date is considered the founding day of the school, and was annually celebrated as a holiday of the unit.
In accordance with the order of the Minister of the Navy in January 1952, work began on clearing the territory, designing, restoring and building a building for the school. All design work was carried out by the Voenmorproekt organization. Construction and restoration work was carried out by the construction organization Sevastopolvoenmorstroy.
The construction of the school was determined in three phases. First of all, it was necessary to restore the northern part of the main building, build a residential building for officers, bring transport communications and provide the construction site with electricity and water. In the second stage, it was planned to restore and complete the central part of the main building, build another residential building, as well as a dining room, barracks and training workshops. The third stage was to build southern part the main building, an educational laboratory complex, a barracks, residential buildings and complete the improvement of the territory of the school and the military camp. Construction work was carried out by a specially assigned battalion of military builders. The construction of the facilities of the first stage began in February 1952, even before the approval of the technical project. Simultaneously with the construction and restoration work, the formation of the school began.
After the introduction from June 1952 of the first staff of the school, designed to conduct the first set of cadets, the command faced difficult questions staffing the school with a permanent staff and preparing for the beginning of the first academic year. Two faculties were created: diesel and steam power. By the beginning of the academic year, the following departments were created: Marxism-Leninism, Theoretical Mechanics and Strength of Materials, Physics, Internal Combustion Engines, Metal Technology, Naval Disciplines, Chemistry, physical training and sports, as well as a number of individual disciplines: higher mathematics, descriptive geometry and engineering drawing, foreign languages.
On October 1, 1952, the first academic year officially began. In honor of this event, a solemn parade of the personnel of the school was held.
To provide educational process in 1952, the fundamental library of the school began to be completed; in March 1953, a printing house was opened. From the first days of the functioning of the school, construction and restoration work was launched at full speed. By the end of 1952, the northern part of the main building, a residential building for families of permanent military personnel and an access highway were put into operation. The following year, 1953, the northern connecting part of the main building, an apartment building for permanent families, an emergency power plant, a boiler room, a bathhouse and a laundry room, and the construction of household facilities was carried out mainly by the personnel of the school. To address issues related to the construction, formation and deployment of training and educational work, the school twice - on July 7, 1953 and June 18, 1953 - was visited by the Commander-in-Chief of the Naval Forces of the USSR, Admiral of the Fleet N.G. Kuznetsov. He carefully got acquainted with the progress of construction and restoration work and, together with the command of the school, discussed the issues of deploying an educational and laboratory base and improving educational process. On February 25, 1953, the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR decided to award the school the Red Banner of the unit as " a symbol of military honor, valor and glory, as a reminder to each of the servicemen of their sacred duty to faithfully serve the Soviet Motherland, defend it courageously and skillfully, defend every inch of the earth from enemies, not sparing their blood and life itself "
In connection with the increasing role of the submarine fleet in modern conditions, the Directive of the Commander-in-Chief of the Naval Forces, Admiral of the Fleet N.G. Kuznetsov №-490ss dated April 16, 1954 The 3rd Higher Naval Engineering School was renamed and from October 1, 1954 it became known as the Higher Naval Engineering School of Diving - VVMIU PP. The school was transferred to new states and the profile of training specialists was changed. The directive ordered the training of officer-engineers for service on submarines in the primary position of commander of an electromechanical warhead group.
During the restructuring of the organization in the school, faculties were abolished and exchange rate system management. In 1955, the creation of a laboratory for internal combustion engines began, consisting of two departments: the department of operating engines and the department of cold engine mock-ups.
Since the laboratory did not have operating submarine engines, some practical exercises were carried out in the laboratory of the internal combustion engine of the naval training detachment, as well as on the KBP-43 submarine attached to the school. For instilling practical skills in cadets, an appropriate educational and laboratory base was required. Her absence was compensated by the old ships given to the school. First, the overhauled destroyer "Bodry", then the submarines B-34 and S-207. After a short use as training stations, they were returned to the fleet.
On October 1, 1954, the department "Power Plants of Submarines and Their Combat Use" was established.
The beginning of the 50s for the fleet was marked exclusively important event- in September 1952, a government decree was issued on the creation of a nuclear fleet. Already in 1954, shipbuilding work was in full swing, and on the basis of the first nuclear power plant in the city of Obninsk, two stands were created - analogues of the power plants of future nuclear submarines on water and liquid-metal coolants. By the directive of the head of the VVMUZ, since 1956, new academic disciplines. Two new courses were introduced at the Department of Electrical Equipment of Submarines: "Theory of Automatic Control" and "Elements of Automation Systems". Starting from this year, new special courses began to be taught at the departments of power plants for submarines and heat engines: “Nuclear power plants submarines", Nuclear reactors and steam generators of nuclear power plants", "Steam turbine installations".
On June 1, 1956, in a solemn atmosphere, the head of the Naval Educational Institutions of the Navy presented the first graduates of the Higher Naval Engineering School of Diving with engineering diplomas and officer shoulder straps with daggers as a symbol of belonging to the glorious officer corps of the Soviet Navy.
In 1956, the school was allowed to open an postgraduate course, which made it possible to organize an active and extensive training of scientific and pedagogical personnel by attracting capable young officers from the fleets. Another important event in 1956 was the order of the head of the VMUZ to organize the training of mechanical engineers for submarines with special power plants at the school. By the beginning of the 1956-1957 school year, all honors students who wanted to serve on the new boats were asked to write reports, although the content of the concept of "new boats" was kept in strict confidence and was not disclosed.
After a special survey conducted by a special department, 30 cadets were selected. Of these, a training special group was formed, which began to teach new courses "Nuclear power plants of submarines", "Nuclear reactors and steam generators", "Steam turbine plants", "Dosimetry". Much attention was paid to practical exercises, laboratory and computational and graphic work, as well as course design on new topics. Graduates of this special group were the first to do diploma papers on topics related to the nuclear power of submarines.
Among the graduates of 1958 (the third graduation of VVMIU PP), thirty young lieutenants received diplomas with the qualification of "mechanical engineer" in the specialty "Special power plants for submarines", and thus, the graduation of 1958 can officially be considered the first graduation of lieutenant engineers for nuclear submarines.
All work on the creation of an educational and laboratory base necessary to ensure the educational process during 1955–1956. were carried out mainly by the personnel of departments and laboratories.
The cadets built a 100-meter shooting range, which was not provided for by the general plan. This made it possible to conduct fire training classes with the officers and foremen of the school, organize work on the development of shooting sports and conduct classes, hold shooting competitions and prepare national shooting teams for participation in various competitions.
In 1958, the course system for organizing the educational process and managing educational units was abolished. Instead, two faculties were created: diesel and
electrotechnical, as well as a number of departments in new areas of training of naval engineers. During the transition to the faculty management system, several new departments of a special profile were created: "Nuclear power plants of submarines and their combat use", "Automatic control of power plants of submarines", "Nuclear reactors and steam generators of nuclear power plants of submarines". To provide practical and laboratory work departments, a general faculty laboratory was created. In May 1960, by decision of the Commander-in-Chief of the Navy, a special faculty was organized on the basis of four special departments - the faculty of nuclear power plants.
In July 1957, by order of the Black Sea Fleet Commands, the M-113 XII series submarine was transferred to the school for training purposes. On August 17, 1957, she was lifted onto the wall, cut into six pieces and transported by trailers to the construction site. In March 1958, the construction and installation of this unique integrated damage control trainer was completed by the department and a team of workers from the Nikolaev Ship Delivery Base. In 1959–1960, the laboratory building was built by the staff of the school. On the basis of this complex laboratory, in August 1960, a joint department of theory, design, survivability of submarine control was created - TUZHU PL.
In 1962, the laboratory of submarine control simulators was put into operation, which made it possible not only to provide all the practical training for cadets at the TUJU PL course, but also provided great assistance to the fleet, providing training for the personnel of the 153rd Submarine Brigade Black Sea Fleet. Fire and diving ranges were built - the best in the system of educational institutions of the Navy. According to the tactical-technical task developed by the department by the Marine Plant No. 13 of the Navy, on the basis of a strong hull of a type “M” submarine of the XV series, a diving tower 20 meters high was mounted to practice deep-sea diving and exit from an emergency submarine.
In 1962, the first operating steam turbine plant was put into operation, consisting of a turbogenerator and a steam boiler, which made it possible to organize systematic practical training of cadets in the operation and repair of submarine steam power equipment. The operating unit was assembled and put into operation by the engineering and laboratory staff.
On August 13, 1960, the Department of Submarine Electrical Equipment was divided into two independent departments: submarine electric drives and submarine electric power systems. At the Department of Nuclear Power Plants in 1966–1967 academic year was mounted, and the simulator "Ucheba-75" (MGR-154) for the control of the nuclear power plant of the submarine came into operation. In 1970, the simulator "Pult-70" (MTR-554) for the control of nuclear power plants was installed and included in the educational process. In the same year, the development of documentation and the construction of the Bort-70 laboratory with an operating power plant began. On August 12, 1972, by order of the Commander-in-Chief of the Navy, this laboratory was included in the educational process to develop the practical skills of cadets in servicing the nuclear power plant of a submarine.
At the Department of Nuclear Reactors, the simulator "UT-2" was developed, installed and put into operation on the basis of a computer for controlling a nuclear reactor and an electronic simulator of neutron-physical processes in nuclear reactor"Sigma". At the Department of Automatic Control and Control of Ship Power Plants, a laboratory of control and protection systems was created, which is a deployed complex consisting of a double-board, operating full-scale simulator of the CPS of second-generation submarines and twelve small-sized simulators, which made it possible to conduct practical exercises and training as part of one classroom with a high load of cadets.
On April 16, 1964, in accordance with the Directive of the Main Headquarters of the Navy No.-OMU (3) / 701556, the Third Higher Naval Engineering School was renamed the Sevastopol Higher Naval Engineering School. Work at the school was enriched with new ideas and the content of scientific and methodological work. Scientific-methodical and scientific-practical conferences of the teaching staff on topical issues training and education of cadets. In 1971-1972, conferences discussed ways to further improve the operational training of graduates of the school, to improve the organization and quality of the new recruitment, to improve the educational process, to increase the efficiency of teaching work, to improve the quality indicators of academic performance, and to strengthen military discipline. Work was launched on a comprehensive generalization of the experience of the service of graduates of the school in the fleets based on an analysis of their practical activities and taking into account the requests of the fleets regarding their level of preparedness. A special place in this period in the practice of training and education was occupied by the issues of operational training of cadets. The fleet of simulators and operating installations was expanded, new forms of training, training and exercises were worked out with the aim of most effectively mastering the issues of operating modern complex ship equipment by cadets. But the most important element of operational training has always been ship practice, especially the participation of cadets in long-distance sea voyages of ships. In 1969, by decision of the Commander-in-Chief of the Navy, for the first time, several classes of the third year of the school in full force participated in a long-distance sea voyage along the route Murmansk - North Atlantic - Cuba - West Africa - Murmansk.
Over the years, the school has continued to improve. In 1965, the building of the cadet canteen was built. An apartment building for the families of military personnel and employees of the school, a district boiler house and a boat base were put into operation. In 1966, a two-story building of the medical service of the school was put into operation. New spacious rooms for the reading room, departments fiction, departments of bibliography and acquisition, storage of the educational fund was received by the fundamental library. In 1977, the fourth dormitory building was put into operation - a five-story hotel-type dormitory for senior cadets, providing for the accommodation of personnel of one company within one floor, in separate rooms for 3-4 people. Gymnastic equipment, tables for table tennis and billiards were installed in the common areas of the companies. A consumer services complex was created - a complex of services, including shops equipped with modern facilities, buffets, a bath and laundry facility, a hairdresser, a shoe repair shop, a sewing workshop, a cadet cafe, and the Brigantina club cafe. The sports complex was reconstructed and expanded, allowing one to engage in any kind of sports not only during compulsory physical training classes, but also during leisure hours.
Restoration work continued to restore the original appearance of the facade of the main building of the school, declared an architectural monument subject to state protection. The newly redesigned parade ground of the school in 1981 was decorated with stands made of granite and marble. In 1982, an underground passage was put into operation, connecting the residential town with the territory of educational buildings. Great work was done on the landscaping of the school.
From the very beginning of the creation of the Sevastopol VVMIU, a course was taken for advanced development and strengthening of its scientific potential. A strategy was developed and implemented to create a unique scientific and experimental base in a short time, capable scientific teams were formed and intensive research was launched in many relevant and promising areas.
One of the largest laboratories of the school was the "Bort - 70" complex, which presented almost all the operating equipment of the power plant, auxiliary mechanisms, devices and systems of the nuclear submarine of project 670. The real pride of the scientific and experimental base of the school was the IR nuclear training and research complex - 100. Considering that in the USSR, apart from the Russian Federation, there were research reactors in only two of the 15 republics, the very fact of building IR - 100 at the Naval Engineering School, and even in the Crimea, was an exceptional event. According to the condition of physical and instrumental equipment, the laboratory had the capabilities of a very good scientific - research institute. In 1979, by the Directive of the Commander-in-Chief of the Navy, the Problematic Research Laboratory for Explosion and Fire Safety of Ships was established in the Sevastopol VVMIU. As experimental stands of the research laboratory, a full-scale hull of a diesel submarine and a titanium compartment of a nuclear submarine of project 705 were used.
In 1983, in accordance with the order of the Commander-in-Chief of the Navy, the Sevastopol VVMIU began training specialists for the chemical services of the fleet. For the first year of study, cadets were accepted who studied in general scientific and general engineering disciplines according to the programs of the Faculty of Chemistry. In 1985, the Faculty of Chemistry was transferred to the school from the Caspian Higher Naval Red Banner School them. CM. Kirov.
Relocated from Baku, the Faculty of Chemistry consisted of three departments: the Department of Defense against Weapons of Mass Destruction; Department of Dosimetry and radiation safety; Department of Radiochemistry and Air Regeneration. The staff of the departments and cadets of the 4th and 5th courses transported all educational equipment to the Sevastopol VVMIU and installed it in three months, which made it possible to start a full-fledged educational process from September 1 using all laboratory equipment, existing simulators and technical means. Two years later, the faculty moved to an educational building specially built for it, located outside the main building of the school, with a complete set of all the equipment necessary for the qualitative conduct of the educational process. For the families of officers and midshipmen of the faculty, an apartment building was built according to a modern project with an excellent layout in the Upper Holland region, next to the school.
Center cultural life school was a club. Famous people often performed in the well-equipped auditorium. creative teams, writers, composers, artists. Evenings of rest of cadets together with the youth of the city, meetings with scientists, war veterans, outstanding military leaders and naval commanders were also held here. The club had lectures on art and musical culture.
The literary association "Storm", created in 1961, worked at the club, which had its own printed organ - the magazine "Storm". An art studio, various circles and amateur art groups also worked at the club. The vocal and instrumental ensemble of the school was a laureate of the All-Union Festival of amateur art. The tourist club "Horizon" created in 1967, which included sections of water, mountain and hiking, sections of speleology and orienteering, was very popular with cadets, officers, workers and employees of the school.
An outstanding role in the military-patriotic education of cadets and youth of the city was played by the history room of the school, created in 1967. The room contained documents and materials on the history of the formation of the Sevastopol VVMIU and materials about its people. For the active use of the exhibits of the history room of the school in the political and military education of cadets, in accordance with the Order of the Commander of the Black Sea Fleet No. 461 of December 28, 1977, it received the status of a museum and became known as the Museum of the History of the Sevastopol Higher Naval Engineering School.
In 1979, the captain of the II rank of the reserve A.A. was approved as the head of the museum. Kamensky, who put his heart and soul into this work, which became the goal of his life. Anatoly Arkadyevich, an honest and courageous man, true patriot of the Navy and the Sevastopol VVMIU, with his integrity, uncompromisingness and conviction in the correctness of his position, he managed to save the Museum of the History of the School from the actual defeat.
The Museum of the Sevastopol VVMIU was of great cognitive and educational value and retrospectively covered the great glorious heroic path that our Navy has passed. Even after the transformation of the school into the Sevastopol Institute of Nuclear Energy and Industry, when the Museum of the History of the Sevastopol VVMIU became only a part of the exposition of the Museum of the History of the Institute, its educational impact does not fade away. However, during the period of the tragic resubordination of the Sevastopol VVMIU to the Ukrainian Navy, a completely different version of existence was prepared for the museum.
In 1995, the school received a telegram from the Department of Educational Work of the Ministry of Defense of Ukraine with information about the inspection of cultural and educational institutions, including military museums, and on which there was already a resolution of the head of the Sevastopol VMI of Ukraine: "Museum of the M-2 campus (former Holland) to be taken to the M-1 training campus."
By this time, the Museum of the History of the Sevastopol VVMIU was declared a branch of the Museum of the History of the SVMI of Ukraine. A.A. Kamensky, having received instructions to transfer the exhibits, turned to the head of the VMI with a question: “Why do you need a museum in Holland? In the same place, there is nothing about the Ukrainian VMI in the exposition.” The conversation with the head of the school and his assistant for educational work ended on an indefinite note, and this uncertainty lasted for a very long time. A.A. Kamensky sealed the Museum, hid all the documentation and did not allow its exhibits to be taken away as gifts for new high-ranking naval commanders who frequented the institute. Officers of the SVMIU joined the struggle to preserve the museum of the Sevastopol VVMIU, who initiated the creation of a special commission on this issue.
After the issue of organizing the SNIEiP was resolved, a group of officers of the Naval Forces of Ukraine arrived at the museum to final decision question about his fate. After examining the exposition, the commission decided not to transfer the museum to the Naval Institute of Ukraine. After the creation of the SIYaEiP, the Museum again turned out to be unnecessary in its original incarnation as the custodian of the history of the best naval school in the USSR - the ideology of "independence" made itself felt. The leaders of the Institute tried to lease the premises of the Museum to a commercial organization.
Only thanks to the responsibility to posterity, energy and courage, uncompromisingness of A. A. Kamensky, a patriot of the Soviet nuclear submarine fleet, the SVVMIU Museum managed to be defended. Realizing that as an independent institution, the museum of the history of the Sevastopol VVMIU will not be able to exist in the new conditions, Anatoly Arkadievich, on its basis, on a solid foundation of the memory of generations, launched an exposition of the newly born institute. At the moment it is one of the best departmental museums.
A.A. Kamensky is credited with preserving the Combat Red Banner of the 3rd Higher Naval Engineering School and the historical magazine of the school, which the Ukrainian Navy seized as a trophy during the "privatization" of the Sevastopol VVMIU. Thanks to his actions and appeals from the naval community, the Combat Red Banner of the 3rd Higher Naval Engineering School was returned to the school. At the celebration of the 50th anniversary of the Sevastopol VVMIU on December 15, 2001 in last time majestically the Banner of the SVVMIU sailed, accompanied by the Znamenny Platoon, at a solemn parade in front of the formation of graduates of the school of all years of graduation.
The school had winter halls for sports games and classes in gymnastics, weightlifting, boxing, wrestling. The open sports campus of the school was magnificent, including a stadium with a football field, sectors for jumping, throwing and shot put, a running track with an elastic tartan coating, several basketball, volleyball, gorodochny, badminton, handball courts, tennis courts.
No less attractive for the cadets were the water stadium and the boat base of the school, which opened up opportunities for water sports: swimming, diving, underwater orientation, rowing, kayaking and canoeing, sailing, jumping from a tower and some types of water - motor sports.
Until the completion of construction on the territory of the school of an outdoor swimming pool with fresh water, swimming lessons were held right in the bay. Between the working pier and a special pontoon, a fifty-meter rectangle of water area was divided by stretched lines with floats into five waterways. A springboard, a three- and five-meter diving tower located on the pier, and several removable metal ladders on its side facing the sea (the pier was also used for diving descents in light diving classes) completed the picture of this sports facility.
The boat base of the school began simply as an ordinary line of 8 - 10 covered under open sky boats - sixes, placed on the slipway of the hydrodrome on the shore of the bay. At first, before the creation of the department of maritime practice, there was no single owner over the propeller-sailing vessels of the school. Classes on boats in maritime practice were conducted by officers of the department of physical training, and the responsibility for maintaining the hulls and sailing equipment of the boats in good condition was distributed among the companies. With the creation of the department of maritime practice and a significant increase in the number of propeller-sailing vessels, the boats were taken care of by cadets, who were selected individually from different departments in accordance with physical data and on the mandatory principle of voluntariness.
The school continued to function in an active mode, using the accumulated potential. Each year, it produced hundreds of well-trained engineer officers for the country's nuclear fleet. The school operated a unique automated information and training complex created by the teaching staff, on the basis of which the regional center functioned computer learning faculty for other educational institutions. As of 1992, the Sevastopol VVMIU was a high-class naval educational institution which carried out the training of highly professional specialists for the navy in the operation of nuclear power plants of submarines and surface ships. The level of organization of the educational process and educational work at the Sevastopol VVMIU allowed its graduates to successfully solve complex combat missions at the most modern ships and nuclear submarines.
The path passed by the school clearly confirms that the vast majority of cadets of the Sevastopol VVMIU treated their main business with great responsibility - study and devotion to the fleet, to the Motherland. Among the graduates of the school are Heroes of the Soviet Union and Russia, laureates of State Prizes, doctors of sciences, professors, admirals. Many graduates are included in the Register of Veterans of Special Risk Units.
For impeccable service, high performance in combat training and the development of new equipment, more than 1,000 graduates of the Sevastopol VVMIU were awarded high government awards, three graduates of the school were awarded the title of Hero of the Soviet Union, and one - the title of Hero of Russia. Admiral ranks were awarded to 29 graduates of the school. In the post-war period, in accidents and catastrophes, our fleet lost 20 submarines, 10 of them nuclear-powered, 5 of which the sea took for itself. More than a thousand submariners died, 55 of them were officers, graduates of the Sevastopol VVMIU.
Since the beginning of the 90s, when the process of the collapse of the USSR began at a rapid pace, the Ukrainian side stepped up its actions on the unilateral privatization of the Black Sea Fleet facilities, including the reassignment of naval schools to the Ministry of Defense of Ukraine.
June 28, 1992 in the Sevastopol VVMIU in a solemn, but internally tense atmosphere, the 39th graduation of young fleet officers was held - this graduation was the last in glorious history SVVMIU, which trained highly qualified specialists for the modern nuclear fleet of the country. On July 22, 1992, the Fleet of Ukraine newspaper published the Order of the Ministry of Defense of Ukraine “On measures for the implementation by naval educational institutions of the Decree of the President of Ukraine dated April 5, 1992 No. P.S. Nakhimov to the head of the Department of Military Education of the Ministry of Defense of Ukraine, and all the Orders of the Commander of the Black Sea Fleet concerning schools are to be considered null and void. On August 3, 1992, a meeting of the Presidents of the USSR and Ukraine took place in Yalta, at which the “Agreement between Ukraine and Ukraine” was signed. Russian Federation on the principles of the formation of the Ukrainian Navy and the Russian Navy on the basis of the Black Sea Fleet former USSR". The document was full of inconsistencies and common phrases. On August 14, the head of the Department of Military Education of the Ministry of Education and Science arrived at the Sevastopol VVMIU with accompanying persons who, violating the regime of access to military unit, tried by force to force the deputy head of the school to sign all the documents issued for reassignment, but were refused. At the end of August 1992, a delegation from Kyiv arrived at the Sevastopol VVMIU. The task of the delegation is to conduct a "re-swearing" of the officers. Despite powerful psychological pressure and moral pressure, the commission failed to fulfill its mission - the vast majority of officers refused to take the Ukrainian oath.
On September 7, 1992, a meeting of officers of the Sevastopol VVMIU was held. On September 9, in the House of Fleet Officers, the Commander of the Black Sea Fleet held a gathering of commanders of formations, ships and units of the Sevastopol garrison, where the fate of the fleet and naval schools were again set. The participants adopted an appeal addressed to the presidents and ministers of defense of Russia and Ukraine, which reads:
“... For 9 months, the Red Banner Black Sea Fleet is going through one of the most difficult periods in its two-hundred-year history ...
As a result of unilateral actions by representatives of the Ukrainian Defense Ministry, the agreement reached in August is torpedoed on many points, which the Ukrainian side interprets in its own way. A vivid confirmation of this is the provocative actions of the commission of the Ministry of Defense of Ukraine, the purpose of which is the reassignment of the Sevastopol Higher Naval Engineering School and the Black Sea Higher Naval School named after. P.S. Nakhimova…
The actions of the group of the Ministry of Defense of Ukraine were in the nature of a forcible seizure, open disregard for legal and total absence elementary ethical norms of relations between servicemen. Using promises and resorting to moral and psychological pressure, representatives of the Ministry of Defense of Ukraine tried to persuade the personnel of the schools to take a second oath, persistently inviting command and teaching staff for cooperation, and compiled lists of loyal people.
These schools, which train rocket specialists for all branches of the fleet forces and specialists in nuclear power plants for ships, including those belonging to the Commonwealth strategic forces, are largely unique and have no analogues not only in the CIS, but also beyond its borders ... In In this regard, we declare the need to exclude unilateral illegal actions and draw the attention of all interested parties to the need to comply with the Agreements signed by the Presidents...
We appeal to the presidents and ministers of defense of Russia and Ukraine: it is not too late to take measures aimed at preserving the Sevastopol schools and stopping the process of their resubordination. We rely on your wisdom, on a balanced and prudent approach to problems and strategic forces ... "
Unfortunately, the situation was developing in such a way that the scales began to tilt against the preservation of the schools. On September 12, the Deputy Ministry of Defense of Ukraine officially announced that the Ukrainian side has plans to reform the Sevastopol schools and turn them into the Naval Institute of the Ukrainian Navy, that on September 26, freshmen will take the oath. It became clear: the school was waiting for a rout, which was soon confirmed by the course of events.
Another attempt was made to prevent the process of disintegration of schools. On September 20, 1992, the officers of the schools and the command of the fleet organized an open meeting of the cadets of both schools, together with the sailors of the Sevastopol garrison and the inhabitants of the city. At this meeting - rally, the following Resolution was unanimously adopted:
"one. To propose to the President of Russia B. Yeltsin to take Sevastopol under Russian jurisdiction - in strict accordance with the Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Council of the RSFSR No.-1082 of October 29, 1948 on the special status of the base of the Black Sea Fleet of Sevastopol as a city of direct republican subordination of the RSFSR and separated from the Crimean region) - later not canceled and not specifically specified during the transfer of Crimea to Ukraine.
2. To propose to the command of the Armed Forces of the CIS and Russia to grant both Sevastopol higher naval schools the status of higher naval educational institutions that train officers - specialists purely for the Strategic Forces of the Navy of Russia and the CIS ... ".
Moscow was silent. The Ukrainian side was in a hurry to consolidate the won positions. As a result, the oath was taken separately by the Ukrainian and Russian sides. All those who took the Russian oath were immediately expelled from the school. The process of "re-swearing" cost the Russian Navy dearly: 1,563 cadets of 1-5 courses were lost to the Russian Navy from the Sevastopol VVMIU alone.
The Ukrainian side, on the basis of the order of the Minister of Defense of Ukraine dated July 25, 1992, created a multidisciplinary entity - the Naval Institute of the Ukrainian Navy - a conglomerate of five faculties created on the basis of the merger of the Sevastopol VVMIU, the Black Sea VVMU named after. P.S. Nakhimov, the Izmail Center and two Sevastopol training detachments of the Navy.
The Sevastopol VVMIU joined the newly created structure as the faculty of ship power engineering, designed to train officers in the following specialties: diesel power plants for surface ships and submarines; gas turbine installations of surface ships; electric power systems of surface ships and submarines; engineers - divers on underwater technology; shipbuilding engineers; nuclear power plants and installations.
A school that provides quality training for nuclear power, was not able to quickly adjust to the training of such a wide range of specialties, which swung the leadership of the Ukrainian Navy. In order not to lose the highly qualified staff of nuclear teachers, the teaching staff began to seek the creation of an appropriate specialized faculty at the institute. With the help of the State Committee for Atomic Energy and the management of Ukrainian nuclear power plants, it was possible to form a faculty of nuclear power plants in the structure of the SVMI. A temporary agreement was reached between the Ukrainian Navy and the Russian Navy that the newly created faculties would graduate two more cadets who did not take the Ukrainian oath, for a fee to the Ukrainian side.
However, these agreements and the obligations assumed on the full and high-quality implementation of curricula and training programs for cadets who did not take the Ukrainian oath were repeatedly violated in the future. Yes, in unilaterally It was decided to hold in January 1993 (instead of June) an accelerated graduation of the 5th course, which deprived cadets of the legal right to receive diplomas of the established form higher education with military qualifications. All this, as well as unacceptable conditions for tuition fees for the Russian Navy, forced the Russian side to make a decision to transfer 16 specialties of training profiles to SVVMIU and ChVVMU them. P.S. Nakhimov to higher education institutions located on the territory of Russia.
So ended tragic story resubordination of the Sevastopol VVMIU to the Naval Forces of Ukraine. The Sevastopol Higher Naval Engineering School ceased to exist.
September 2011 marked the 60th anniversary of the founding of the Sevastopol Higher Naval Engineering School. For the rest of my life, I remember the words that admonished the graduates of the Sevastopol Higher Military - Marine Engineering School in 1965, the head of the school, engineer - Rear Admiral M.A. Krastelev: “You chose the most daring profession of a nuclear submariner at a difficult time for the country. From now on, your home is the ocean, which begins with this parade ground.
The building of the future Sevastopol VVMIU after the end of World War II.
Restoration of the building of the former Marine Corps - the building of the future SVVMIU.
On the territory of the Sevastopol VVMIU. 1950s.
Restored building of the educational building of SVVMIU. 1960
The main entrance of the Sevastopol VVMIU. 1960s.
The main entrance of the Sevastopol VVMIU. 1970s.
The main entrance of the Sevastopol VVMIU. 1990s. (author's photo)
Gangway of the Sevastopol VVMIU. Late 50s-early 60s.
Gangway of the Sevastopol VVMIU. Early 90s. (author's photo)
Diploma of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR.
Presentation of the Battle Red Banner to the 3rd Higher Engineering School of the Navy, 1953.
Battle Banner of the Sevastopol Higher Naval Engineering School (author's photo)
Post No. 1 of the Sevastopol VVMIU.
Banner of the Sevastopol VVMIU on Red Square in Moscow.
By order of the People's Commissar of Defense No. 035 dated April 1, 1937, the formation of a naval school for the training of command personnel for ships and parts of the fleet began in Sevastopol.
The first set of cadets was carried out in late July - early August 1937. Classes were held in the open air and in unfinished premises. The cadets lived in tents pitched on the seashore, not far from the coastal battery. Simultaneously with training, using every minute of free time, cadets worked on the construction of school facilities.
1794 college graduates went through the war. 13 of them became Heroes of the Soviet Union, and 2 were awarded this title already in peacetime after the war. Among the pupils of the school are the Hero of Socialist Labor and five Heroes of the Russian Federation.
After the end of the Great Patriotic War on April 4, 1946, a decision was made to restore the Black Sea Naval School for the training of commanders of small ships with a training time of two years.
On April 30, 1947, in accordance with the Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR of January 27, 1947, the school was awarded the Battle Banner of the unit, under which the ChVVMU for the first time after the war took part in the parade of the troops of the Sevastopol garrison on May 1, 1947.
On April 3, 1975, by the Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR, for great services in the training of officers for the Armed Forces and in connection with the 30th anniversary of the Victory in the Great Patriotic War 1941-1945 ChVVMU them. P.S. Nakhimov was awarded the Order of the Red Star.
From 1937 to 1992, the school trained more than 16,000 officers, of which 76 graduates became admirals and generals, some became fleet commanders, heads of departments of ministries, defense ministers of the USSR, Russia and Ukraine. In ChVVMU named after P.S. Nakhimov trained ship specialists in navigational, artillery, mine-torpedo, missile, anti-submarine specialties.
In 1992, by a decree of the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine, on the basis of the former Black Sea Higher Naval Order of the Red Star School named after P.S. Nakhimov and the Sevastopol Higher Naval Engineering School, the Sevastopol Naval Order of the Red Star Institute of the Naval Forces of the Armed Forces of Ukraine named after. P.S. Nakhimov. In 2009, the Academy of the Naval Forces of Ukraine named after P.S. Nakhimov, which was the only highest naval educational institution Ukraine until 2014.
