home Educational literature Methodical manual on equipment in the school workshop. Studying the state of the material base and documentation of training workshops. Workshops for textile processing and cooking

Methodical manual on equipment in the school workshop. Studying the state of the material base and documentation of training workshops. Workshops for textile processing and cooking

Lecture 1

Teacher's workplace.

his

Demonstration table

First group

second group- Seating furniture.

Third group - Fourth group - other furniture.

special equipment

Basic equipment

Joiner's workbench.

Such a workbench should be designed for the work of one student. Clamping devices must be strong and securely fasten wooden workpieces and parts for sawing and planing in all required positions. Workbenches (in the absence of an office) should be provided with devices for making records and graphic work, storing technological documents, placing tools, fixtures, a hook for a satchel, bag or briefcase.

Workbenches can have metal and wooden parts, but all work surfaces must be wooden in order to avoid damage to the tool during work. It is desirable that the workbench be collapsible, which speeds up its installation and dismantling with the necessary redevelopment of the workshop. Metal bases of workbenches are painted with oil or nitro paints, wooden bases are covered with colorless varnish or drying oil in 4-5 layers.

Locksmith workbench

This workbench is designed for processing metals and plastics. In the absence of an office for conducting theoretical classes and laboratory-practical and educational-practical work on a locksmith workbench, electrical work can be performed, as well as disassembling and assembling modes, components of mechanisms and machines.

By design, locksmith workbenches can be single, two-dimensional and multi-seat. The base of the workbench is welded from pipes or steel profiles, it is possible to manufacture the base from a wooden beam. The lid of the workbench is wooden, it is covered with non-sticky plastic or linoleum and is edged with a steel corner.

As practice shows, in order to save space in the workshop, it is possible to reduce the dimensions of the workbench cover in length to 800 mm with a nominal width of 500 mm. For the work of students, the area of \u200b\u200bsuch a working surface is quite enough if a medium-sized vice is installed on the workbench. At the same time, the tool, blanks and technological documentation are placed on it quite freely.

If the training program provides for cutting metal, then a screen with a vertical safety net having small cells (no more than 3x3 mm) is installed on the workbench behind the student's work area. Its height for a standard workbench should be 1000 mm, for a workbench of a reduced design, safe work is ensured by a grid with a height of SOO mm (the height of the vise should not exceed 150 mm). The length of the grid is equal to the length of the workbench. The screen with the mesh must be removable and installed only for cutting metal.

In the practice of teachers, instead of a large screen with a grid, small screens are used, which are installed directly next to the vise. Such a screen is made of plywood, and its inner side is covered with foam rubber or sponge rubber. It protects well from flying fragments when cutting metal.

The base of the workbench should allow the height of the lid to be adjusted relative to the floor. The adjustment device must be such that the work can be done by the students themselves. The base provides space for a tool tray and a student's briefcase. Practice has shown the inexpediency of mounting retractable tool boxes in a workbench. They are inconvenient to use during work, and garbage accumulates in them, which: but should be removed when cleaning the workplace.

A metal vise is attached to the cover of the locksmith's workbench. For the conditions of a general education institution, steel parallel vices with a jaw width of 90-100 mm are convenient. It is advisable to paint the vise and safety net yellow, the base - light green. If the linoleum or plastic on the lid has a color that is unsuccessful from a pedagogical point of view, then the surface can be painted with green paint.

Adjustment of the level of workbenches in accordance with the physical parameters of students can be carried out using a special mechanism. It can be made independently, and the teacher can develop his own original design. However, it is easier to make workbenches to the maximum required height, and for students, if necessary, install podiums. Another option is also possible, in which the height adjustment is carried out using stands for the legs of the workbench.

V-belt transmission

A two-stage pulley is rigidly fixed to the motor shaft, which, using a V-belt, transmits rotation to a two-stage pulley mounted on the machine spindle.

The V-belt transmission is closed with a metal guard, the opening cover of which is interlocked with the electric motor through the limit switch so that when it is opened, the electric motor is turned off and the machine stops. The guard cover is locked with a screw.

Machine cutting area guard

The protection of the cutting zone of the machine serves to protect the worker from flying chips and reduce the concentration of dust in the breathing zone of the worker to the established sanitary standards. It consists of a metal casing and protective screens, which are movably attached to the top of the fence and can be folded back as needed. The soft screen is pulled over the casing hooks through elastic loops.

There is a slot in the casing for connecting the machine to the dust extraction unit.

Devices for fixing parts

The case with the center - a fork is screwed on a spindle. Serves for fixing the workpiece together with the tailstock.

The chuck is screwed onto the spindle. Serves for fixing short workpieces when processing them from the end. The workpiece is hammered into the chuck with a wooden hammer.

The faceplate is a disk, in the center of which a boss protrudes, which has an internal thread for screwing onto the spindle. Eight holes are drilled on the disk plane at some distance from the center. Through them, screws are screwed into the workpiece, fastening it to the faceplate. The faceplate is used when it is necessary to grind a large diameter part without clamping its center from the tailstock. F cutting tools

Reyer is a semicircular (grooved) cutter in shape similar to an ordinary semicircular carpentry chisel. It has a semicircular sharpening on the outside with a chamfer at an angle of 25-30°. Two rails are attached to the machine: for the initial rough turning of a workpiece with a width of 25 mm and for a smaller one.

electrical equipment

The electrical equipment of the machine includes: a three-phase asynchronous electric motor with a power of 1.1 kW, a universal cam switch, a local lighting lamp and an electrical panel on which magnetic starters are mounted, network and local lighting pack switches, a local lighting transformer and fuses. The board with electrical equipment is installed in the rear cabinet of the machine. The electric motor is located in the front cabinet, and the universal cam switch is mounted on the frame on the back of the machine.

Safety devices

The processing area is protected by a protective screen mounted on the machine support.

Operating principle. When the machine is turned on, the grating disk starts to rotate. - The tubers coming from above fall on the surface of the rotating grating / disk and | also start to rotate. In this case, the tubers rub against the abrasive surface of the grater disc and the walls of the chamber. Under the action of friction, the peel is removed from the tubers, and the water coming from the sprinkler washes the pulp to the bottom 12 chamber, from where it is through a rubber drain pipe 4 enters the waste chamber. Water through the perforated bottom of the pulp collector is drained into the sewer through pipe 1, and the pulp remains in the collector. In the future, the pulp is used for processing into starch or feed for pigs.

To unload peeled vegetables, without turning off the engine, open the door of the unloading tray l under the action of centrifugal force, the tubers fall into the substituted container. Machine productivity - 125 kg/h;

Lecture 1

Technical labor is integral part the content of the educational area "Technology of Entrepreneurship" at school. Its main tasks are related to the formation and development of the fundamentals of technological culture, creative approach to work, economic and environmental thinking among students. These tasks are solved in the process of studying the elements of technology, methods and means of processing common structural materials.

In the "technology of entrepreneurship" classes, students learn to think creatively, look for non-standard solutions, to choose the optimal means when performing various works. Without these qualities, it is impossible labor activity in today's rapidly evolving environment.

To solve actual methods of managing the educational process of "technology of entrepreneurship", an appropriate material base is needed; tools, equipment, tutorials, etc.

Students are introduced to the properties and uses of materials.

When studying the properties of metals, students receive information about the properties of their alloys, the purpose and scope of these alloys, get acquainted with the technologies of cutting, welding, soldering, melting, heat treatment.

Schoolchildren get an idea about the purpose and properties of plastics, their types, methods of processing and joining in the manufacture of parts and products.

Technical means in the implementation of technological processes for processing structural materials are the second component of the content of training in the classroom on entrepreneurship technology. Students are introduced to the design of machine tools, mechanisms, electrical installations, etc. they learn to manage them.

Training workshop equipment.

The equipment of classrooms, laboratories and workshops is carried out on the basis of the exemplary lists of teaching aids recommended by the Ministry of Education of the Russian Federation. The complete set can be carried out according to functional features, reflecting the purpose of various types of equipment. Basic equipment and inventory for individual use: student's workplace, necessary equipment, tools, means of ensuring the safety of work. Specific types of equipment and their quantity are selected in accordance with state of the art equipping enterprises, the material capabilities of a general education institution, the availability of sponsorship or patronage. It is desirable that the entire set of equipment is certain system, the elements of which were substantively and methodically agreed upon.

All equipment must meet pedagogical, sanitary-hygienic and psycho-physiological requirements, guarantee the safety of students performing educational and practical work.

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Teacher's workplace.

It is located in the most accessible place for students to see. It is desirable to place the teacher's workplace on a podium with a height of 250-300 mm. A desktop or workbench, a demonstration table is installed here and equipment is placed with the appropriate set of tools and fixtures. The teacher's workplace should be specially allocated and have equipment for explaining technological and technical information, demonstrating teaching and visual aids, and techniques for working with hand tools. The number and list of educational equipment of the teacher's workplace depend on the purpose of the workshop and on the area of the room.

However, it is obligatory that at each workplace of the teacher in the workshop must be installed: a workbench for demonstrating the methods of working with hand tools, a blackboard, a demonstration table with a control panel: power supply.

The workbench at the teacher's workplace must be fully consistent with the workbenches of students in design. This allows students in the initial period of training to more accurately imitate the teacher in the performance of work methods and quickly master skills.

It is advisable to install the teacher's workbench on a turntable that allows it to be turned to any angle. Thus, the teacher will be able to demonstrate to students working postures and methods of work from the right angle.

In the workshop, it is advisable to install a flatbed, landscape or sliding type board, which allows you to open the desired image that is not used, and also have parts with clear margins to convey current visual information.

On the board or above the board, special clips for attaching tables and posters should be installed. A pencil case for storing drawing tools can be mounted under the board.

The demonstration table is necessary for storing tools, visual aids, literature, technical and technological documentation, demonstration blanks and semi-finished products necessary for conducting current classes.

It is advisable to use a specially designed table. It must be equipped with a control panel for the workshop's power supply system, including students' workplaces, and retractable audiovisual equipment. The table must be equipped with lifting stands for demonstrating objects of work, layouts and models.

Study tables are usually stored in an auxiliary room. At his In the absence of a blackboard, you can install a special tablet curbstone. Depending on the type of tables and posters, it may contain roll cassettes or tablet cells. The dimensions of the pedestal are determined by the number of visual aids and the possibilities of the room.

The board is awesome. Consists of two parts measuring 1500 x 1100 mm each. Lamps with halogen lamps or fluorescent lamps are installed above the board.

Screen. A screen is installed in the space behind the blackboard. It has the same dimensions as the blackboard fragments, 1500 x 1100 mm.

Demonstration table made of chipboard or fiberboard, lined with plastic. A plinth with a height of 80 mm is used as a floor base. The left side of the table has dimensions of 1000 x 800 x 900 mm. The cover of the left part is hinged, edged with a duralumin corner with shelves measuring 25 x 25 mm. In a vertical position, the lid is held by locks. In this position, it can serve as a stand for displaying tables, posters and drawings on paper. For this purpose, metal holders are installed on it.

Training tables for current work are stored under a hinged lid.

In the cabinet on the left side of the table, a rotary turret is mounted, divided into several sections. It houses the natural samples needed for the current demonstration.

The middle part of the table is designed for the teacher to keep current records in his working documentation. The dimensions of the working surface of the lid are 700 x 800 mm, the height from the floor is 750 mm. A remote control and, if necessary, a microphone are mounted on the cover. Speakers are installed on the front side in the middle of the table.

The right part of the table is also lower in height than the left and coincides in level with the middle part. Its dimensions are 500 x 800 x 750 mm. Audiovisual technical means of information presentation, an amplifier and a retractable cassette are mounted on it. The nature of the audiovisual means placed in the teacher's desk is determined by the material resources of the educational institution.

Furniture is an integral part of the school workshop equipment. It, like all equipment, must be adapted to the conditions of teaching and educational and practical activities of students. The construction of furniture, its quality and design must meet modern technical and aesthetic requirements.

All furniture can be conditionally divided into four groups. First group- furniture with work surfaces,

second group- Seating furniture.

Third group - furniture for storing teaching aids. Fourth group - other furniture.

Most of the third group of furniture in the workshops are cabinets for storing tools and teaching aids. They can be connected in a single block with a blackboard or installed separately as a section. it is best for workshops to use custom-made cabinets with sliding doors. With this design, the working space of the workshop is saved, since there is no need to allocate an area for opening doors.

Practice shows that it is best to make cabinets from panels lined with plastic. Cabinets are divided into sections and divided into shelves according to adjustable levels. The height of the shelves is determined by the dimensions of the stored equipment.

The cabinets store blanks, semi-finished products (unfinished products of students), tools and other educational equipment.

Tools in cabinets should be placed on special stacking. Acquisition of stacks with tools is carried out in accordance with the content of educational and practical and laboratory-practical work of students or in relation to some technology.

Exhibition racks can be installed in the workshop. They serve to store the finished products of students. Products presented on the shelves can serve as natural visual aids for students.

For demonstration purposes, wall showcases and exposition boards can be used. In showcases, as a rule, sets of natural visual aids are mounted (samples of materials, joints of parts, technological sequences of assembly or installation work, etc.). Exposition boards are used to demonstrate literature, photographs, planar samples of products, etc. They can be solid, lattice, perforated with wire holders. Shields allow you to quickly update the exposure.

For small-sized educational equipment, the workshop should have stands for equipment. As you know, a number of training machines, mechanisms and devices for technology are produced in a desktop version (drilling, milling machines, wood lathe, grinding machines, a universal unit for wood processing, etc.). Naturally, it is not advisable to use stationery tables for their installation and appropriate stands in the form of bedside tables are needed. Their design should be simple, durable and easy to use.

The stand can be wooden or metal. The surface of the lid is covered with plastic and edged with a metal corner. Shelves are mounted in the stand for storing stacks with tools and auxiliary equipment. It is best to paint coasters in light green tones. For the workshop, it is desirable to develop a typical design of stands, but they are made in different sizes, taking into account the dimensions and weight of the installed equipment.

For laboratory and practical work, it is required special equipment. These are various measuring instruments, sets of parts such as "constructor", samples of materials, measuring tools, etc.

Basic equipment for carrying out laboratory and practical work, it is purchased through the distribution network in the factory version. Part of the necessary tools and equipment can be made in training workshops. For this work, the teacher attracts students by setting appropriate project tasks for them.

1.5. The number of training workshops, their variety and area in educational institution are accepted depending on the number and occupancy of classes (classes-sets), disciplines of educational programs.

1.6. Training workshops must comply with aesthetic, hygienic, educational and research requirements and the requirements of the safety rules of the educational process.

1.7. Study load Workshops must be at least 36 hours per week.
2. Basic requirements for the training workshop
2.1. Training workshops are equipped with machine tools and other equipment, tools, fixtures, educational and visual aids, technical means training in accordance with the current requirements for equipment educational process.

2.2. In the training workshops, students' workplaces for individual and collective use, as well as a teacher's workplace, are equipped. The design and organization of workplaces should ensure the possibility of performing work in full accordance with the curriculum, as well as take into account the differences in the anthropometric data of students, the requirements of ergonomics, the scientific organization of labor and technical aesthetics. The layout of workshops, the placement of workplaces, equipment and furniture in them should provide favorable and safe conditions for organizing the educational process, the ability to control the actions of each student.

2.3. In the workshops, labor protection requirements must be strictly observed. In accordance with the requirements of SanPiN, lighting, heating, general and local ventilation of workshops are carried out. Electrical outlets in workshops are marked by voltage. The color for painting walls, inventory, workshop equipment should be selected based on the requirements of ergonomics and technical aesthetics using signal colors and safety signs.

2.4. The premises of the workshops are decorated with stands, tables and posters for permanent use, including those on labor safety and industrial sanitation, vocational guidance and others. The workshops organize permanent exhibitions of products made by students, indicating who and when made the exhibits.

2.5. Workplaces of students are provided with safety instructions for the performance of specific types of work, developed on the basis of standard instructions approved by the director of the Institution. The instructions are reviewed as necessary, but at least once every three years.

2.6. Special premises (master's tool room, pantry for storing raw materials and finished products), provided for in the workshops, are intended for storing tools, fixtures, blanks, materials, student work in progress, teaching aids, and procurement work.

2.7. Machine tools: jointing school, circular sawing school, tool-grinding - belong to the equipment on which only the teacher works. These machines are installed in special workshop rooms. In exceptional cases, they can be installed directly in the workshops near the teacher's workplace, while during classes with students they are closed with lockable cases. These machines, as well as wood lathes, must be equipped with ventilation exhausts (special vacuum cleaner).

2.8. The workplace of the teacher in the workshops for the processing of wood and metal is additionally equipped with a workbench to demonstrate the methods of performing work.

2.9. Fabric processing and cooking workshops should be separate.

2.10. Workplaces for individual use in the fabric processing workshop are universal work tables with built-in sewing machines, equipped with manual and electric drives, with tablets for instruction cards and stacks with tools. It is allowed to equip workplaces for individual use with single or double tables with a light surface made of water-repellent material with household sewing machines installed on them with electric and manual drives.

2.11. Workplaces for collective use are (overlocks), ironing boards, fitting room, electric (gas) stoves, sinks, cutting and dining tables, as well as optional equipment to organize the productive work of students. In the absence of universal working tables, a table or a removable shield for cutting fabrics is also installed in the fabric processing workshop.

2.12. Places for wet-heat treatment, sewing machines of class 51-A should be located in the immediate vicinity of the teacher's workplace.

2.13. Cold water is supplied to the sinks in the workshops. In the absence of hot water supply in the Establishment, sinks are equipped with wall-mounted electric heaters (as far as possible).

2.14. The teacher's workplace in the fabric processing workshop is additionally equipped with a mannequin with a set of drawings for the basics of garments.

2.15. Schoolchildren who have undergone a medical examination and who have no contraindications to labor training classes are allowed in the training workshops. Information about students who are not allowed to work in training workshops, the teacher receives from the school administration or medical personnel assigned to the school. All work in the workshops, students perform in overalls (robe, beret, sleeves, apron, scarf).

2.16. Students are allowed to perform each new type of work only after a safety briefing.

2.17. The conclusion on the suitability of the workshops for conducting classes is given annually by the commission for the acceptance of the plant for the academic year and is drawn up by an act.

2.18. The organization and mode of classes, the environmental conditions in the training workshops are determined taking into account the Sanitary and Hygienic Requirements for the organization of labor training for students.

2.19. The administration of the Institution takes measures to modernize the workshops, systematically replenish them with equipment, tools, fixtures, improve their Maintenance, rationalization of jobs.

2.20. The use of training workshops, their equipment for purposes not provided for by this Regulation is prohibited.
3. Workshop documentation requirements
3.1. Passport of the training workshop.

3.2. Certificate of acceptance of the training workshop at the beginning of the academic year.

3.3. The act of acceptance and installation of new equipment.

3.4. Technical passports for each type of equipment.

3.5. Inventory list for existing equipment. Safety rules for work in the training workshop and a magazine for instructing students on safety.

3.6. Schedule (mode) of employment of the workshop.

3.7. The state of educational and methodological support of the workshop

3.8. The work plan of the workshop for the academic year and the future (approved by the Director of the Institution).

Requirements for educational and methodological support of the educational workshop. Provision of conditions for successful implementation students of the requirements for educational preparation on the basis of a training workshop

The presence in the workshop of regulatory documents (State educational standard, work programs, calendar plans, meters, requirements, etc.) regulating the implementation of educational program subject (discipline).
Compliance of the educational and methodological complex and the complex of teaching aids with the requirements of the education standard and educational programs (basic and specialized courses).
Equipped with training tools to ensure variable program, programs additional education within the scope of the workshop.
Provision of textbooks, didactic materials, handouts in accordance with the educational program.
Availability and provision of students with a set typical tasks, tests, control works etc. for diagnosing the fulfillment of the requirements of basic and advanced levels educational standard.
Open and visual presentation to students of samples of measuring instruments for fulfilling the requirements of the educational standard.

Rules for the storage and placement of teaching aids and equipment

They are placed and stored in sections of the program. Demonstration aids and handouts are stored separately. Textbooks and books for extracurricular reading in cabinets. In the closet at the table of the teacher, dictionaries, file cabinets. For the storage of audiovisual teaching aids, it is necessary to have special devices.
All manuals are systematized by topic, numbered. For each allowance, a list is compiled, which indicates the name of the topic, the name of the allowance, its number, so that the teacher can quickly, easily find the allowance he needs. All manuals are entered into file cabinets (by topic) and into the general catalog of teaching aids available in the workshop. Tools, fixtures, blanks, materials, work in progress of students, educational and visual aids are stored in a special room (master's tool room, pantry for storing raw materials and finished products).
All training equipment of the workshop is placed and stored in sectional cabinets. It is advisable to store handouts in catalog boxes with dividers. All benefits are distributed by types, subjects, topics.

Evaluation of the activity of training workshops

It is carried out on the basis of the "Regulations on the review of classrooms, workshop" twice a year.
Based on the results of the review, the results are summed up and the best workshops are determined.

workshop passport

GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS

technical labor training workshops

The concept and functional purpose of training workshops, the main areas of work:

The workshop is the main educational, methodological and practical base for performing curricula in the subject "Technology" of the main general education.

The workshop is a place for the student to adapt to the conditions of technological education, to discover and develop his abilities and to increase the level of technological culture.

The workshop is a place for the development of functional technological literacy and competence, the organization of rational educational, cognitive and search and design activities in the subject.

Workshop - a place for pre-professional training of students on the profile of the VOS enterprise

The workshop is a place of professional creative self-realization of a teacher, a methodological center for the subject "Technology".

The workshop is a place of joint activity and coordination of efforts of teachers, parents and students in technological training and self-service, information service for parents.

A workshop is a place for storing, accumulating, replenishing and repairing the necessary equipment and materials.

Workshop - a place for extracurricular work and classes for students and school staff in accordance with the specifics of the workshops.

The workshop is an auxiliary base for providing technical and repair work according to the needs of the school and society.

The workshop is a center for the development of health-saving and safe technologies for educational and training activities.

Technical description of the training workshop:

The training workshop is represented by the following training and utility rooms that comply with fire and electrical safety standards and sanitary and hygienic requirements:

1. Combined workshop for the processing of structural materials, metalwork and carpentry, electrical and repair work.

Tool pantry - a place for storing dispensing equipment and materials, accumulation didactic material and technological educational literature.

The area of the combined workshop is 60 m 2 .

The area of the utility room is 12 m2.

The combined workshop is located on the ground floor and has its own exit to the school yard.

To perform its main functions and maintain the security regime, the workshop has:

Equipment corresponding to the programs and standards: general educational and technological;

Adequate artificial and natural lighting;

Washbasin in the room;

380 and 220 volt power supply that meets electrical safety standards;

Primary fire extinguishing means and fire alarms;

Emergency exit to the street, separate entrances to each room;

Relevant exposure functions by technology, VTR and TB;

Changing expositions and exhibitions of students' works;

Electrical safety equipment and warning signs;

Storage facilities for equipment and materials;

First Aid Kit.

Cabinet development plan:

Possible expansion of the production base in order to further specialize the premises and equipment, their compliance with new pedagogical technologies and requirements.
Updating of educational equipment in accordance with the new basic curricula and regulatory requirements according to the federal lists of staffing of labor offices (attached).
Provision of the workshop with modern office equipment and TCO facilities.
The possibility of providing paid educational and technical services in order to replenish the material and technical base of workshops and schools.
Organization of the work of technical circles on the basis of workshops.
Further development planning in accordance with the development plans of the educational institution.

SCROLL

documents of training workshops of technical labor

No. p / p	Name of documents	Periodicity
	Regulations on training workshops	Annually
	Analysis of work for the previous year	Annually
	Work plan for the current year	Annually
	Acceptance certificate for the new academic year	annually to
	Perspective development plan	Annually
	Inventory lists of the main and current equipment	According to the latest inventory and receipt
	Attestation card	Annually
	New equipment acceptance certificates	Upon admission
	Safety instructions for each machine and type of equipment, general	1 time in 3 years
	Protocols on measurements of grounding and insulation of current-carrying wires	1 time in 3 years
	Order on the appointment of the head of the workshops	By appointment
	Order on the opening of training workshops	By appointment
	Journal of safety briefing for students	By reference
	Workshop Manager Responsibilities	Permanent
	Job responsibilities of a labor teacher	Permanent
	List of medicines in a first aid kit	By expiration date
	Cabinet Development Concepts
	The main directions of development of the workshop, goals and objectives
	List of current supplies needs	per year for students
	Lists of didactic materials and literature	By replenishment

Workshop Equipment

equipment identification

inv. room

note

Table workbench universal

Joiner's workbench

Screw-cutting lathe

Machine STD for wood

Milling machine

Drilling machine

Woodworking machine SDN

Sharpener ETSh-1

Locksmith tool set

Set of carpentry tools

riveter

A set of keys

Screwdriver Set

metal scissors

glass cutter

record player

Miter box CROSS

Jigsaw MP-120

DA-144 screwdriver

Multitester DT-830

Cordless screwdriver

Milling cutter FM-32

Milling cutter set

Omax drill

stapler gross

San220 welding

Shield for welding

Drilling machine Corvette 46

Lbm 125-0,7w aeg

Grinder

PLAN

work of the training workshop for the 2015-2016 academic year

Goals of the work:

1. Maintaining the readiness of the workshop to serve as the main educational, methodological and practical base for the implementation of curricula in the subject "Technology" of basic general education.

2. Compliance with the safety regime at the lessons of technical labor and after hours.

3. Serve as a place of storage, accumulation, replenishment and repair of the necessary equipment and materials.

4. Serve as a place for extracurricular work and classes for students and school staff in accordance with the specifics of the workshop.

5. Serve as an auxiliary base for providing technical and repair work according to the needs of the school and society.

Tasks of the academic year and their implementation:

Tasks		performance
Bring the equipment of the workshop to the norms and requirements of the training programs	Make a full accounting and assessment of the state of available training equipment. Compile non-compliance lists	During a year
Provide the educational process with the necessary consumable didactic and methodological materials	Calculate the needs for these materials in accordance with the curricula and curriculum	During a year
Organize the expansion and renewal of the material and technical base	Make an application to the school administration for the necessary equipment and supplies
Optimize the process of technical labor by functional separation of wood and metal processing operations	Plan actions for equipping individual areas in metalworking and woodworking workshops	To the beginning of new uch. of the year
Make cosmetic repairs to the workshops of the school	Redecorating	During the summer
Bring workshop documentation in line with regulations	Identification of the regulatory framework for training workshops	Before the beginning uch. of the year
Carry out the necessary work to ensure electrical safety		During a year
Carry out the necessary work to ensure fire safety		During a year
Carry out the necessary work to ensure sanitary and hygienic standards		During a year
Perform certification of the training room for readiness for work	Intraschool certification	To the beginning of the of the year

FORWARD PLAN

development of the training workshop

Carry out a major overhaul of the premises of the training workshop.
Carry out plumbing and sewerage.
Complete renovation of educational equipment in accordance with the new basic curricula and regulatory requirements.
Provide the workshop with modern office equipment and TCO facilities.
Provide for the provision of paid educational and technical services in order to replenish the material and technical base.
Organize the work of technical circles and elective courses workshop based.

OFFICIAL DUTIES OF THE WORKSHOP MANAGER

1. General Provisions

1.1. real job description developed on the basis of the tariff and qualification characteristics of professions approved by the Decree of the Ministry of Labor of the Russian Federation of December 24, 1992 No. 60 and included in the Unified Tariff and Qualification Reference Book of Works and Professions of Workers, Issue 1, Section “Professions of Workers Common to All Sectors of the National Economy ”, approved by the Decree of the State Committee for Labor of the USSR and the Secretariat of the All-Union Central Council of Trade Unions of December 31, 1985 No. 31 / 3-30, used in accordance with the Decree of the Ministry of Labor of Russia of May 12, 1992 No. 15a at enterprises and organizations located on the territory of Russia.

1.2. The head of the study room is appointed by the principal of the school from among teachers with appropriate training and work experience.

1.3. The head of the training workshop reports directly to the deputy director of the school for educational work.

1.4. In his work, the head of the workshop is guided by the rules and regulations of labor protection, industrial sanitation and fire protection, as well as the Charter and the Internal Labor Regulations of the school and this Instruction.

2. Functions

The main activities of the head of the workshop are:

2.1. maintenance of the workshop;

2.2. timeliness of renovation and repair of educational furniture, equipment and visual aids;

3. Job responsibilities

The Workshop Manager has the following responsibilities:

3.1. supervises the work of a laboratory assistant assigned to the workshop;

3.2. controls the intended use of the workshop;

3.3. organizes the replenishment of the workshop with equipment, instruments and other property, accepts material assets for safekeeping according to one-time documents, ensures the safety of accountable property, participates in the prescribed manner in the inventory and write-off of office property;

3.4. develops and periodically reviews (at least once every 5 years) instructions on labor protection, submits them for approval to the director;

3.5. controls the equipping of the training workshop with fire-fighting equipment, medical and personal protective equipment, as well as visual agitation on life safety issues;

3.6. conducts or organizes another teacher's instruction on labor protection for students with mandatory registration in a class journal or a standard journal;

3.7. does not allow classes that endanger the life and health of students and school employees with the notification of the deputy director of the school for educational work;

3.8 makes proposals to improve working and study conditions for inclusion in the labor protection agreement;

3.9. monitors the economical use of water, electricity;

3.10. responsibilities for labor protection (according to the Regulations of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation on labor protection):

carries out the organization of security and control of the state of workplaces, educational equipment, visual aids;
does not allow training sessions, the work of circles, sections in premises not equipped for these purposes and not accepted for operation, and students, pupils to conduct classes or work without the provided overalls, special footwear and other personal protective equipment;
develops and periodically reviews (at least once every 5 years) instructions on labor protection, submits them for approval to the head of the educational institution;
controls the equipping of the training room with fire-fighting equipment, medical and personal protective equipment, and each workplace - with instructions, visual agitation on life safety issues;
conducts or arranges for the teacher to provide instruction on labor protection to students, pupils with mandatory registration in a class journal or a journal of the established form;
makes a proposal to improve and improve the conditions for the educational process (to include them in an agreement on labor protection), and also brings to the attention of the head of the educational institution about all the shortcomings in the provision of the educational process that reduce the vital activity and working capacity of the body of workers, students and pupils (low illumination , noise of equipment, fluorescent lamps, violation of the environment in the workplace, etc.);
submits, in accordance with the established procedure, applications for overalls, special footwear and other personal protective equipment for employees, students;
immediately informs the management, the trade union committee about each accident that has happened to an employee or student;
bears responsibility in accordance with the current labor legislation for accidents that occurred with employees studying during the educational process as a result of violation of labor protection norms and rules.

4. Rights

The head of the training workshop has the right to:

4.1. to provide appropriate equipment, tools, materials, personal protective equipment and overalls in accordance with established standards;

4.2. prohibit the use of faulty and dangerous objects of operation (equipment, machines, mechanisms, instruments, structures, etc.);

4.3. refuse to carry out work hazardous to life and health in conditions where the necessary safety measures are absent and (or) cannot be taken;

5. Responsibility

5.1. For non-fulfillment or improper fulfillment without good reason of the Internal Labor Regulations of the school, legal orders and orders of the school administration and other local regulations, job duties established by this Instruction, a worker for the maintenance and current repair of buildings, structures and equipment shall be disciplinary liable in the manner defined by labor law.

5.2. For the guilty infliction of damage to a school or participants in the educational process in connection with the performance (non-performance) of their duties, a worker for the maintenance and current repair of buildings, structures and equipment shall be liable in the manner and within the limits established by labor and (or) civil legislation.

6. Relationships. Relations by position

Workshop manager:

6.1. works during the school day as needed, according to the work plan and passport of the classroom;

6.2. is instructed in safety, industrial sanitation and fire safety under the guidance of the deputy director of the school for educational work;

Familiarized with official duties ___________ Fedoseev A.V.

"____" ________________ 20____

Work plan of the technology cabinet (technical labor)

for the 2015-2016 academic year.

Purpose: creation of material and technical and reference and methodological base for:

Implementation of the requirements of the educational standard for technology;

Performing practical and laboratory work by students;

Implementation of creative projects by students.

Fulfillment by students of production tasks for pre-professional training and productive work

	Tasks for the academic year	Deadlines
	Development and implementation of creative projects by students	During the study G.
	Preparation for the exhibition of technical creativity of students	During the study G
	Sharpening, straightening and repair of tools for the technology cabinet. Routine maintenance and repair of equipment.	During the study G
	Manufacture, assembly and repair of school furniture, inventory, equipment	During the study G
	Updating the material and technical base and creating visual aids (stands) on electrical engineering, work on projects.	During the study G
	Collection of data and materials for methodological work on self-education	During the study G
	Analysis of the work of the technology cabinet. Planning for the next academic year.

Analysis of the work of the cabinet for the 2014-2015 academic year

In working with students, he formed labor skills, technical, technological and initial economic knowledge necessary to participate in socially useful, productive work, expanded the polytechnic horizons and developed Creative skills based on the relationship of labor education with the basics of science, introduced each student to the working professions available to the blind and visually impaired in order to encourage them to consciously choose one of them, instill a love for creativity, teach them to build their lives interesting, serve themselves and their families in everyday life.

During extracurricular time, he conducted a multi-purpose multi-directional technical circle for grades 4-12. All classes are built taking into account the individual capabilities of each student and the available materials. Here we study such topics as electrical engineering, radio engineering, manual and mechanized processing of wood and metal, folk crafts, woodcarving, burning, appliqué, artistic processing of natural materials, manufacturing products using turning materials, modeling and designing products from various materials, production of household items.

He held a skill competition as part of the technology week, participated in an inter-district exhibition of handicrafts, 2 times a year held a creative report: "Exhibition-Sale" of students' products and handicrafts. To achieve my goals, I strive to build my work in a variety of ways, conducting non-standard forms of lessons: lessons-experiments, visits to workshops, shops for processing various materials at the Valuysky Metalware enterprise, I conduct demonstrative lessons of creativity among students, classes on the relationship of students of different groups and abilities . In order to equip students with general technical and special knowledge and practical skills, I use special methods and teaching methods using typhlotechnical devices and tools based on tactile and auditory perception. We make some tools, visual aids ourselves (for example, models of mechanical transmissions).

This year, with the help of the Generation Foundation, electrified tools were purchased for the school workshop: a jigsaw, a milling cutter, a welding machine, a drill, a screwdriver. Therefore, in the classroom we can now introduce new modern technologies material processing. A projector has also been installed in the workshop, with the help of which it is now possible to show visual aids, drawings, sketches, drawings, presentations on a large screen.

In my work I use the experience of leading typhlopedagogues, such as M.I. Zemtsova, V.P. Ermakov, various methodological developments of rehabilitation centers in Moscow, Sverdlovsk, St. Petersburg. For example, when studying wood processing, I use the methodological manual of the blind author B. Taranov, developed in 1998 in a rehabilitation workshop at the Moscow Training and Production Enterprise No. 8. Of great importance in my work are the works of such organizations as the Moscow Scientific Research institute defectology of the Academy of Sciences of the Russian Federation, republican educational - methodical office at the Ministry of Education of the Russian Federation, the All-Russian Society of the Blind, the Sverdlovsk typhlotechnical laboratory of the Research Institute of Defectology of the Academy of Sciences of the Russian Federation, St. Petersburg Russian State Pedagogical University named after A.I. Herzen.

Last year, I took courses on the study of a system-activity approach in the implementation of the federal state educational standard for general education of the second generation. In this regard, in this academic year In my work, I set tasks according to the new standard - not only to give the amount of knowledge, but in unity with the assimilation of the knowledge system by the students, to form their ability to learn. I tried to form the ability to learn by mastering the system of universal learning activities which are the determining criterion for the readiness and ability of students for self-development and personal self-determination, since it is the activity, and not just the totality of certain knowledge, that is defined by the standard as the main value of learning

Some topics from the labor training programs are not fully covered due to the lack of equipment and materials, for example, topics on electrical engineering due to the lack of El. designers. Topics on metalworking materials - metalworking tools. This year, the skills of working with hand tools and working with e-mail were not well developed. machine tools due to the small number of hours and the lack of material for blanks. I would like to update the machine equipment of the workshop, which has not changed for 25 years, to purchase carpentry workbenches, a computer for the introduction of new technologies in labor lessons

Finalize thematic plans taking into account changes in the material base of the workshop.

To finalize the workplaces for industrial training in the workshop of the school, to arrange the supply of these places with raw materials.

Repair and improve the equipment and hand tools of the workshop, buy and dry lumber, varnish, nails, paints, etc. for lessons and group work.

Self-education topic: "The use of ICT in technology lessons"

Together with students, we participate in the technical design of all school-wide events, theatrical performances. We participate in the work of maintaining order in the classrooms and bedrooms, the school grounds - we repaired the furniture of the bedrooms and classrooms, the equipment of the training workshop, made household equipment, various visual aids.

Participate in district meetings methodical associations teachers of labor education in secondary schools, but the work of a sighted school is discussed there.

Cabinet replenished teaching aids for teachers and students. In order to provide visibility into the process of learning and creating necessary conditions to implement the requirements for the level of training of students in the office, there were constantly updated stands: "Safety", "Project activity".

The average performance in the subject is 100%. The quality of knowledge in the subject is 88%.

To implement many methodological developments lack of funds, tools and consumables. Therefore, I planned a long-term plan for equipping the workshop and made lists of the necessary tools, materials and equipment for the 2015-2016 academic year.

Tasks for the new 2015-20166 academic year:

Compile a CTP of technology classes for grades 5-8 - updating didactic material on the topics: "Woodworking", "Metalworking", "Elements information technologies”, “Professional orientation”;

Acquisition teaching materials according to the profile of the cabinet in accordance with the standard of education and the educational program of the school;

Preservation of the material and technical base of the cabinet;

Acquisition of consumables (wood and metal).

Conducting extracurricular activities:

School exhibitions selling products of students;

Subject week on technology;

Participation in subject competitions.

Order plan

additional equipment and work on equipping the training workshop

for 2015-2016 academic year.

Name	Price, rub	Price, rub
Carpentry workbenches
Set of carpentry tools
Locksmith tool set
Set of electrical installation tools
grinding machine
Wood lathe
Circular planer 1-2 kW
Sander
Computer, scanner, printer, projector.

Rules of conduct in training workshops

1. Observe the order and mode of operation in training workshops:

come to class in overalls (apron and sleeves or dressing gown, headdress);
have a notebook and the necessary accessories for performing graphic works and records;
at the beginning of the lesson, at the instruction of the teacher, take your workplace, get materials and tools from the foreman (on duty);
do not approach the person working behind the machine, observe the established sequence when working on the machines.

2. Strictly observe labor safety rules.

introduction

1 "Methodological requirements for equipping school workshops -4-

2. Methodological issues of planning the premises of school workshops. -7-

3. Regulations on training workshops (general provisions). -eleven-

4. Requirements for certain types of workshops

Conclusion -18-

Literature -19-

Introduction.

One of the most important administrative and economic functions in an educational institution should be considered the creation of conditions that ensure the educational process.

In recent years, many have been concerned about the decline in attention and the emerging trend towards the destruction of the educational and material base for the labor training of schoolchildren. But if at least something is being done in the field of basic education, then institutions of additional education have received complete “freedom” in resolving this issue. It is no secret that it is extremely difficult to organize a material base, create workshops, and find qualified specialists. Therefore, under the current socio-economic conditions, with insufficient funding, it is easier for institutions of additional education to exclude labor training from curricula, to reduce the number of circles, faculties, etc. this direction, than painstakingly, over the years, create conditions for the serious work of adolescents.

The organization of a workshop requires much more funds for its education than other classrooms. The process associated with labor, creativity, needs specialized furniture, equipment, a large amount of materials, tools, various devices, visual aids, technical teaching aids.

The role of the interior of the premises where the labor education of students takes place cannot be underestimated. Everything that a child encounters, everything that affects his consciousness, does not pass without a trace, directly or indirectly forms the spiritual image of the child, his creative abilities. Therefore, the whole environment is an integral part of education. Any element of the interior affects the psyche of children. Things help them not only to learn the world, but also to develop the concept of beauty, the habit of order, accuracy and, ultimately, influence the formation of the child's personality.

The material and technical base of the workshops in which children are taught to work must be equipped with the most modern and reliable equipment, attracting the interest of adolescents to it, activating their cognitive activity, developing skills and abilities in handling the most complex devices, stimulating their desire to use manual and electric tool in practice.

The interior of training workshops is a material environment that provides the best conditions for teaching and educating students. The quality of education, the state of health of students and teachers, and the creative development of children depend on the proper organization of the internal space of educational workshops.

The equipment of the workshops depends on the financial possibilities of the school. And at the same time, it is impossible, under the pretext of lack of funds, to equip workshops somehow.

1. Methodological requirements for equipping educational workshops.

Designed in Russian Academy education standards for academic subjects make it possible to create standards for the educational and material base, that is, to determine the entire range of educational equipment necessary for the implementation of the main goals of education. The absence of such standards in additional education makes it necessary to rely on the requirements of the program when creating the educational and material base. Our teachers work according to author's programs (some of them are certified, others are preparing for accreditation, but all of them have been tested for 7-10 years and, most importantly, work on them gives positive results). The programs have a mandatory section: the material and technical base for the subject. When organizing training workshops, we carefully considered a variety of positions: the choice of premises and its layout, taking into account sanitary and hygienic standards, the acquisition of training equipment, materials, tools; equipment of workplaces for students and teachers; creation of a rational system for the placement and storage of materials, tools, blanks; design of a functionally significant interior. Based on the adopted programs and curricula, as well as the contingent of students, the norms of materials for work in workshops are determined.

Despite its functional orientation, any workshop must meet the following requirements:

Fulfillment of sanitary and hygienic requirements; TB requirements,

Organization of students' workplaces;

Organization of workplaces for students of collective use;

Organization of the teacher's workplace;

Workshop equipment,

tools, devices;

Placement and storage of educational equipment;

Interior design (including samples of work done by the teacher and exhibitions of student work);

Equipping workshops with methodological and

didactic materials, TCO;

Availability of workshop documentation (request log for current work, inventory book, plan for the development and improvement of the workshop's educational and material base, etc.)

In order for the workshops to meet these requirements, the school is constantly working to preserve and further develop them. The workshop is managed by a master of industrial training or a teacher appointed by order of the director. (They work according to

Regulations on workshops). Supervises the work of the workshops, in accordance with the distribution of duties between members of the administration, director.

In order to rationally and economically use the area of \u200b\u200bthe premises, to organize the creative work of children, you need to adhere to several rules:

Rule #1

The division of the premises into certain functional areas associated with the various activities of children in the room.

For example: a woodworking workshop, according to its layout and furniture placement, is divided into zones: for independent work of children (student places), for work of a teacher (teacher's workplace), workplaces of students for collective use (machines, exhaust devices, etc. ); lecture area (study tables); machine zone; exhibition area.

Rule #2

Universal use of premises for various purposes.

For example: the area of a woodworking workshop is used rationally through small, easily moving tables. The furniture is mobile, allowing it to be used for various purposes. Rectangular school desks with a multiple ratio of length to width (60x120 cm) are convenient. By composing them, you can get various options from the arrangement for classes, listening to lectures, holding meetings, games, etc. These tables can also be used for teacher meetings, such as TB training sessions, by placing them accordingly

Rule #3

Mandatory use of decorative elements that carry a certain semantic load. They give individuality to the workshop, indicate its functional purpose, demonstrate the mastery of the teacher and the results of children's creativity. For example: in the workshop for artistic woodworking, there is a large wall work in the carving technique, made by teachers; flower pots are also made of wood by children's hands; there is an exhibition of children's works, etc.

Rule #4

The widespread use of plants and flowers, the placement of representatives of the animal world in the “green zones”: an aquarium with fish, a cage with a squirrel or a parrot.

Layout and equipment, decorations, coloring, design themes - in all this environment, students should find something consonant with their age, character, and their interests. It is obligatory to have washbasins and mirrors so that children can put their clothes and hairstyles in order before the lesson.

2. Methodological issues of planning the premises of educational workshops.

Training workshops - specially equipped rooms for teaching teenagers aged 11-17 years old various types of crafts with hand tools and machine tools.

BUT). Audience for classes on the subject "Artistic processing of wood"

1. Department.

3. Teacher's table.

4. Workplace of students for woodcarving by hand

tool.

5. Exhibition of student work.

6. Place of storage of unfinished works.

7. Demonstration and exhibition area.

8. Lecture zone.

B). Mechanical workshop.

1. Local exhaust to the machines.

2. Turning and woodworking machines.

3. Grinding machine.

4. Universal woodworking machines

5. Sharpening machines.

6. Drilling machine.

7. Universal workplace for students.

8. End-combination saw.

9. Clamp.

11. Exhaust device UVP-1500 P.

AT). Instrumental.

G). Emergency exit.

Workshops, as a rule, consist of 2 rooms: the actual workshop (its working area depends on the number of children studying) and the instrumental (laboratory) room. Workshops are located on the ground floor, as some machines require a special foundation.

The layout of the premises provides for several functional areas (this was discussed above).

The compositional structure, the layout of the premises presuppose the identification of the main and the secondary, the unification of all elements of the composition into one whole. The psychological center of the composition, uniting other parts of the interior, is the teacher's working area. During the teacher's explanations of various topics and tasks, the attention of students should be focused on his working area. The allocation of this zone is carried out due to the peculiarities of solving the volumes and planes of the equipment. The teacher's workplace is equipped with a table. A blackboard is hung on the front wall. The teacher's desktop should have a slightly increased mass and be raised above the floor level. This will allow students to see the teacher well.

A personal zone is necessary for a teacher to prepare for various types of work, store working documentation, special methodological literature, etc.

The lecture area is used for conducting theoretical classes, for children to work with notebooks and albums.

Students' workplaces are equipped in accordance with sanitary and hygienic requirements and the requirements of educational programs (this is a separate, very serious topic for conversation).

The workplaces of students for collective use require the availability of machine tools, ventilation devices, sanitary zones etc.

The subject environment in educational workshops gives them certain functional and aesthetic properties, with the help of which we form or, as they sometimes say, “project” a person who uses things, lives in this subject environment, educates him in a certain attitude towards things, and through them - to people, society, work.

The second room of training workshops or instrumental (laboratory room) is equipped with racks for storing stocks of parts, materials and tools. There is an assembly table. Since the size of the tool room at the woodworking workshop allows, it is divided into two rooms by transverse cabinets. The first is the teacher's recreation area (table, sofa for relaxation, cupboard, musical equipment). The second room is the actual instrumental room. This is the "kingdom" of mechanics, masters of industrial training, faithful assistants to teachers. Here is the preparation for the educational process. The condition of the tools, the availability of handouts, and, ultimately, the level of teaching and the quality of work of adolescents depend on the coordinated work of the masters of industrial training and teachers.

The equipment of the workshops depends on the financial possibilities of the school.

Nevertheless, each workshop has its own “face”, which reflects the individuality of the master working here, the teacher. And this is explained not only by the work experience of a specialist in the school. Of no less importance is the fact that much in each workshop is made by hand.

The role of the director in matters of preservation and development of the material base of training workshops

A high level of education and upbringing can be achieved under two indispensable conditions: the availability of qualified personnel and

the necessary educational and material base. If the institution does not have equipped classrooms, if the library does not have program literature for children and methodological literature for teachers, if the room is dirty, there is no real leader here.

The director of the institution is responsible for creating material conditions for the successful work of each teacher and the school as a whole. From his initiative, organizational skills, focus, economic skills, perseverance depends on the state of the educational, material and technical base of the institution, the rationality of its use and maintaining proper order.

The problem of teaching staff.

There is a problem of selection of teaching staff who conduct classes in educational workshops of institutions of additional education. On the one hand, these must be masters in the field of one or another craft (wood carvers, marketers, ceramists, embroiderers, etc.). These should be craftsmen who are well aware of the work of the machine park and all electrical tools, sewing equipment, and ceramic production. On the other hand, there are teachers. Technical knowledge should be as complete as the knowledge of pedagogy, psychology and methodology. Therefore, the teacher must have a comprehensive education.

3. Regulations on educational workshops in general education

General provisions

Training workshops are created in every secondary, incomplete secondary and elementary school. They are designed for:

Labor training of students of I - UE classes in accordance with approved programs;

Performing locksmith work by students of grades VIII - IX, studying in the profiles "Avtodelo" and "Fundamentals of agricultural technology and mechanization of crop production";

Organization of socially useful, productive work of students;

Conducting optional classes on labor training;

Works of technical, artistic and applied circles and interest clubs.

In some cases, on the basis of the training workshops of the school, vocational training of students in grades VIII - IX can be carried out in the profiles "Woodworking", "Metalworking" and "Processing of fabrics".

Types of training workshops in secondary schools:

The following training workshops are created in the general education school: for labor training and socially useful work of students in grades I-IV, for metal processing, for wood processing (or a combined metal and wood processing workshop), for processing fabrics, for working with food products. In special general education schools and boarding schools, in accordance with the regulations on these schools, training workshops of other profiles (cardboard, bookbinding, etc.) can be created. In schools in which, in accordance with paragraph 10 of Decree of the Council of Ministers of the USSR of August 14, 1968 N 628 "On measures for the further development of folk arts and crafts", students have been taught the technical methods of making art products, workshops of folk arts and crafts (carving on wood, painting, ceramics, chasing, etc.).

The number of workshops, their variety and area in each school are accepted depending on the number and occupancy of classes (class-sets) taking into account the Nomenclature of building types, composition and area of premises of general education schools, approved by the USSR State Civil Engineering and agreed with the USSR Ministry of Education and the USSR State Planning Committee on May 27 1985 (NSh-85-90)<*>. If necessary, for a group of nearby schools, interschool training workshops can be created in the prescribed manner. In addition, in addition to these workshops, basic enterprises (organizations) can create training and production areas for the productive work of students in grades V - VII and other classes on the rights of their structural divisions.

The construction of new buildings of general education schools with training workshops for students in grades I-VII and the addition of missing training workshops to existing school buildings should be carried out only according to existing standard designs developed in accordance with regulatory design documents (NSh-85-90 and SNiP 11-65 -73 "Comprehensive schools and boarding schools"). The premises of the training workshops should be bright, warm and dry. It is forbidden to organize workshops in basements and semi-basements.

Training workshops are equipped with machine tools and other equipment, tools, fixtures, educational and visual aids, technical teaching aids in accordance with the current

Standard lists of teaching aids and educational equipment for general education schools, approved by the USSR Ministry of Education for each five-year period, as well as didactic materials, technical and technological documentation. If there is free space, workshops can also be equipped with additional machine and other equipment, fixtures and tools necessary for the socially useful, productive work of students, the work of technical circles, as well as vocational training in grades VIII - IX. In accordance with paragraph 9 of the Regulations on the basic enterprise of a general education school, approved by Decree of the Council of Ministers of the USSR of August 30, 1984 N 928, schools are assisted in equipping training workshops by their basic enterprises. They provide schools with production tasks, provide tools, materials, technological equipment, and components.

Equipment that is not provided for in the Model Lists, including home-made equipment, is installed in workshops with the permission of the technical labor inspectorate of trade unions, which is formalized by the relevant acts.

In the training workshops, students' workplaces for individual and collective use, as well as a teacher's workplace, are equipped. The design and organization of workplaces should ensure the possibility of performing work in full accordance with the curriculum, as well as take into account the differences in the anthropometric data of students, the requirements of ergonomics, the scientific organization of labor and technical aesthetics. The layout of workshops, the placement of workplaces, equipment and furniture in them should provide favorable and safe conditions for organizing the educational process, the ability to control the actions of each student.

The student's workplace for individual use is a workbench or a special table with a folding, side or retractable seat. The design of the workbench (table) should ensure its readjustment in accordance with the growth of students or allow the use of footrests. The workplace is equipped with constantly used tools and fixtures, which are placed in stacks of various designs.

The number of jobs in workshops is determined by the occupancy of classes, taking into account the division of classes V-IX into subgroups in accordance with established standards: in urban schools with 25 or more students, in rural schools - 20 or more people.

The teacher's workplace in the workshop is located on an elevation - a podium measuring (approximately) 3600 x 2000 x 200 mm. It is equipped with a table with a container for TCO (GOST 18313-73, type II), a blackboard with a set of classroom tools and a device for emergency de-energization of students' workplaces. In the area of the workplace of the teacher, it is recommended to place cabinets-sections for storing teaching aids and tools. The teacher's workplace is supplied with a voltage of not more than 42 V.

The workshops must strictly comply with the requirements of the Regulations on the organization of work on labor protection in the system of the Ministry of Education of the USSR and the Rules on safety and industrial sanitation for school training and training and production workshops, as well as for training complexes, workshops (spans, sections) and enterprises, in which labor training of students is carried out, approved by the Ministry of Education of the USSR. In accordance with the requirements of these Rules, lighting, heating, general and local ventilation of workshops are carried out. Electrical outlets in workshops are marked by voltage.

Each training workshop is equipped with washbasins with brushes and soap in the amount of 20% of the number of students, as well as electric towels (towels). Containers for waste, shavings, garbage, cleaning materials are placed in specially designated places. The set of workshop equipment includes a stretcher and a universal first aid kit (TU 64-7-51-72), next to the first aid kit is the address and telephone number of the nearest medical institution, as well as fire fighting equipment, including a carbon dioxide fire extinguisher.

The premises of the workshops are decorated with stands, tables and posters for permanent use, including those on labor safety and industrial sanitation, materials science, vocational guidance and others. The workshops organize permanent exhibitions of products made by students, indicating who and when made the exhibits.

The color for painting walls, inventory, workshop equipment should be selected based on the requirements of ergonomics and technical aesthetics using signal colors and safety signs in accordance with GOST 12.4.026-76 "Signal colors and safety signs".

Students' workplaces are provided with safety instructions for performing specific types of work, developed on the basis of standard ones, approved by the school principal and agreed with the trade union committee. The instructions are reviewed as necessary, but at least once every three years.

In accordance with the Order of the Ministry of Health of the USSR of April 10, 1981 N 387, schoolchildren who have undergone a medical examination and have no contraindications for labor training classes are allowed to take classes (work) in training workshops. Information about students who are not allowed to work in educational workshops, the teacher receives from the medical staff assigned to the school. All work in the workshops, students perform in overalls (robe, beret, apron, scarf). Collective use of overalls is not allowed.

Students are allowed to perform each new type of work only after a safety briefing.

The conclusion on the suitability of workshops for conducting classes is given annually by the school acceptance commission for the academic year and is drawn up by an act in accordance with the instruction letter of the USSR Ministry of Education of August 15, 1977 N 54-M "On the act of accepting the school's readiness for the new academic year."

The organization and mode of classes, the environmental conditions in the training workshops are determined taking into account the Sanitary and Hygienic Requirements for the Organization of Labor Training for Students in Grades I - VII, approved by the Main Sanitary and Epidemiological Directorate of the USSR Ministry of Health on February 22, 1985 N 3216-85.

The school administration is taking measures to modernize workshops, systematically replenish them with equipment, tools, fixtures, improve their maintenance, and rationalize jobs.

By order of the school, the teacher (teachers) of labor training is entrusted with the performance of the duties of the master of the educational workshop (workshops).

A teacher of labor training, performing the duties of a master of training workshops:

Together with the deputy (assistant) director for the economic part (manager of the economy), he performs work to provide workshops with equipment, tools, materials;

Plans workshops; together with teacher schools that organize the socially useful, productive work of students, plans to manufacture products for the academic year;

Organizes the adjustment and repair of machinery, equipment, tools, fixtures;

Monitors the timely check of electrical equipment, its grounding (zeroing), the state of insulation of electrical wiring;

Responsible for the safe condition of the equipment and the sanitary and hygienic condition of the workshops;

Accepts the property and material assets of the workshops for safekeeping, keeps records in accordance with the established procedure.

Teachers of labor training, leaders of circles and socially useful, productive labor, working in workshops.

Labor training teachers once every five years undergo a retraining course on labor protection and certification in knowledge of the rules for the technical operation of electrical installations with voltage up to 1000 V used in training workshops, with the assignment of a qualification group of at least 3rd.

Carry out the preparation of tools and devices for classes (sharpening, adjustment);

Provide classes with blanks, technical documentation;

Students are instructed in safety precautions for each type of work performed with registration in accordance with GOST 12.0.004-79;

They are responsible for the implementation by students of safety rules, industrial sanitation and for protecting the life and health of students while working in school training workshops.

The use of training workshops, their equipment for purposes not provided for by this Regulation is prohibited.

4. Requirements for certain types of workshops Workshop for labor training and socially useful work of students in grades I-IV

In a workshop for labor training and socially useful work of students in grades I-IV, a workplace for individual use, as a rule, is a student table for labor offices (GOST 22046-76). The table is equipped with removable stacks, which contain sets of hand tools N 1 and N 2, as well as marking stencils and simple pencils. The height of the trunks is selected (approximately) as follows: 50% of the tables of the growth group "B" (600 mm) and 50% of the tables of the group "C" (660 mm).

To perform certain types of work provided for by the program, as well as for various activities outside of school hours, 6-8 workplaces for collective use are equipped in the workshop (table cover is plastic or linoleum). The height of tables at workplaces for collective use should correspond to the height group "G" (720 mm), since work behind them is done mostly while standing. At workplaces for collective use, a vice with a jaw width of 40 mm, equipment for bookbinding and woodworking, for cutting thin sheet material and punching holes in it, and devices for burning are installed. Workplaces intended for burning works are equipped with a power supply of up to 42 V, it is recommended to equip them with an exhaust device.

Woodworking workshops

Labor training of students GKS (K) OU "Special (correctional) comprehensive school No. 33 of the city of Stavropol "

One of the main activities educational organization is the labor preparation of students for subsequent integration into society. Already from the 4th grade, the guys begin to master carpentry and sewing. The institution has 3 sewing and 3 carpentry workshops. All of them are equipped with the most modern machines, sewing machines and tools necessary for work.

To implement the cognitive and creative activity of students, teachers of the school widely use modern educational technologies providing an opportunity to improve the quality of education and more efficiently use study time. In lesson and extracurricular activities for labor training in an educational institution, the following educational pedagogical technologies are used:

problem-based learning - creating in learning activities problem situations and the organization of independent activity of students by their resolution, as a result of which there is a creative mastery of knowledge, skills, abilities, mental abilities are developed and corrected;
project method - work on this method makes it possible to develop the individual abilities of students, more consciously approach professional and social self-determination;
game methods - contribute to expanding the horizons of students with handicapped health, development cognitive activity, the formation of certain skills and abilities necessary in practical activities;
health-saving technologies - the use of these technologies allows you to evenly distribute various types of tasks during the lesson, alternate mental activity with physical minutes, determine the time for submitting a complex educational material allocate time for independent work, normatively apply TCO, which gives positive results in training;
learning in cooperation (group, team work) - joint developmental activities of adults and children;
Information and communication technologies - contribute to the change and enrichment of the content of education.

Thus, the use of a wide range pedagogical technologies enables the teaching staff of the school to productively use the study time and achieve high learning outcomes for students. The systematic, well-coordinated work of the entire teaching staff allows students with disabilities not only to participate in city, regional, All-Russian exhibitions of arts and crafts, but also to win prizes. One of the main achievements of the school was the holding on the basis of an educational organization in October 2014 All-Russian competition"The best in the profession." 10th grade student Elina Navasartova took third place among 76 participants who came from different regions Russian Federation.

Sewing and carpentry workshops

The system of labor and vocational training of students is included in the structure of a unified socio-psychological adaptation and rehabilitation of children with disabilities.

Labor training is one of the main conditions for preparing schoolchildren with intellectual disabilities for independent life, therefore it occupies a leading place in the correctional and educational space.

Labor training in correctional school aims to train manual workers who are able to independently and professionally perform simple types of work in the conditions of an ordinary work collective.

The main task of labor education is to give schoolchildren an elementary professional education, i.e. equip them with available technical and technological knowledge, professional skills and abilities that are necessary in any work activity.

The knowledge gained in labor lessons, on the one hand, increases general level intelligence of students and, on the other hand, create the basis for the development of skills to properly regulate their activities in solving labor problems.

To solve the problems of preparing schoolchildren with intellectual disabilities for independent life and work great importance has a well-thought-out and clear organization and a high methodological level of conducting classes, good didactic and material-technical equipment of the workshops.

The educational area "Labor and vocational training" is represented by the subject:

in primary school

"Manual labor" grades 1-4 - 2 hours per week;

in the main and high school

"Vocational training"

5th grade - 6 hours a week

6th grade - 7 hours a week

Grade 7 - 8 hours a week

Grade 8 - 9 hours a week

Grade 9 - 11 hours a week;

"Professional education"

10th grade - 23 hours a week.

When studying the subject in the basic and high school, the class is divided into subgroups in which they study various profiles of labor training - carpentry and sewing.

The school has six training workshops:

3 - carpentry;

3 - sewing business.

As part of the Federal Target Program for the Modernization of Education in 2012, the material and technical base of sewing and carpentry workshops was strengthened. Each workshop is equipped in sufficient quantities with the necessary furniture, stands, machines, tools and fixtures.

List of carpentry equipment

Name	Total Qty	Cabinet	Office №21	Office №22
Joiner's workbench
Vertical milling machine
Cordless drill «MAKITA»
Oil compressor
Grinding machine "Corvette"
Perforator «Hitachi»
Perforator "Makita HR2450"
Band saw
End saw
Vibrating surface grinder
Welding inverter "CALIBER NEW"
Grinding machine
Machine "Partner" KR-3
Circular saw SKD
Belt sander
MDO machine
Planer for wood
Thicknessing machine "Corvette-21"
Drilling machine

Planing and sawing machine
TV-4 machine
TV-7 machine
Wood lathe
Wood lathe "Corvette-71"
Milling machine FME-850/8E
Belt grinder
Angle grinder
Eccentric grinder "MShE-240/125E"
Electric jigsaw
Electric jigsaw "Bosch"
Jigsaw "Corvette-88"
Electric saw stationary "Caliber EPS-2000"
Power saw "Corvette-6"
Chain saw "CALIBER EPS1900/40"
Electric saw circular
electric planer
Electric grinder "Master TE-150/300 EAT+"
Electric grinder "Corvette Expert"
Rotary vice "TSS-125"
Impact drill in case "Hitachi"
screwdriver
Staple gun
Glue gun
Burners "Vityaz", "Orbit"

List of sewing workshop equipment

Name	General quantity	Cabinet	Office №54	Office №56
Embroidery machine "JANOME"
Overcasting machine "JATIJT" 3-thread
Overcasting machine "JATIJT" 5-thread
Sliding tailor's mannequin
Foot sewing machine
Sewing machine "PODOLSK"
Industrial sewing machine "JATIJT"
Sewing machine "JANOME"
Overlock «BROTHER»
Overlock «Jasmine GN»
Steamer «GM-L7»
Steamer «GM-L2»
Cover stitching machine "NEW HOME"
cutting table
Electric iron "Philips"

An analysis of the material and technical base of classrooms (carpentry and sewing) allows us to conclude that the workshops are equipped with all the necessary equipment for vocational training of schoolchildren with intellectual disabilities.